{"id":2870,"date":"2026-06-01T21:59:00","date_gmt":"2026-06-01T18:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/?p=2870"},"modified":"2026-07-30T17:50:34","modified_gmt":"2026-07-30T14:50:34","slug":"islam-bilim-tarihi-11-unite-osmanlida-bilim-calismalari-xviii-xix-yuzyil-ders-notlari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/06\/01\/islam-bilim-tarihi-11-unite-osmanlida-bilim-calismalari-xviii-xix-yuzyil-ders-notlari\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130slam Bilim Tarihi 11. \u00dcnite: Osmanl\u0131&#8217;da Bilim \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 (XVIII-XIX. Y\u00fczy\u0131l) Ders Notlar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu sayfada payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u00a0<strong>\u0130slam Bilim Tarihi Dersi\u00a0<\/strong>ders notlar\u0131m\u0131z sayesinde t\u00fcm konulara hakim olacaks\u0131n\u0131z.<strong>\u00a0Se\u00e7meli \u0130slam Bilim Tarihi Dersi\u00a0<\/strong>9. 10. 11. ve 12. s\u0131n\u0131flarda se\u00e7meli olarak okutulan bir derstir. Bu tarih ders notlar\u0131\u00a0<strong>Milli E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcfredat\u0131na uygun<\/strong>\u00a0olarak\u00a0 haz\u0131rland\u0131. Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda\u00a0<strong>Se\u00e7meli \u0130slam Bilim Tarihi Dersinin 11. \u00fcnitesi olan Osmanl\u0131&#8217;da Bilim \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 (XVIII-XIX. Y\u00fczy\u0131l) Ders Notlar\u0131 Ders Notu<\/strong>nu payla\u015f\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u0131n\u0131f:&nbsp;<strong>Se\u00e7meli tarih<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ders:&nbsp;<strong>\u0130slam Bilim Tarihi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00dcnite:\u00a0<strong>11. \u00dcnite: Osmanl\u0131&#8217;da Bilim \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 (XVIII-XIX. Y\u00fczy\u0131l) Ders Notlar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ders kitaplar\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130lgili yaz\u0131l\u0131:<strong>\u00a0\u0130slam Bilim Tarihi 2. d\u00f6nem 2. yaz\u0131l\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Osmanl\u0131&#8217;da Bilim \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 (XVIII-XIX. Y\u00fczy\u0131l)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bu \u00fcnite, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu&#8217;nun XVIII ve XIX. y\u00fczy\u0131llar\u0131ndaki bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve Avrupa ile olan bilimsel etkile\u015fimini ele almaktad\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nem, Bat\u0131&#8217;daki bilimsel ve teknolojik geli\u015fmelerin Osmanl\u0131&#8217;y\u0131 derinden etkiledi\u011fi bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>OSMANLI-AVRUPA B\u0130L\u0130MSEL ETK\u0130LE\u015e\u0130M\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>XVIII. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda Madencilik:<\/strong> Osmanl\u0131 madencili\u011fi Bat\u0131 teknolojisinin gerisinde kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak XIX. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan kanunnamelerle bu alanda geli\u015fmeler ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1874:<\/strong> Alman m\u00fchendis Ernest Weiss&#8217;\u0131n \u00e7abalar\u0131yla Osmanl\u0131 Devleti&#8217;nin <strong>ilk maden mektebi<\/strong> kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lale Devri (1718-1730):<\/strong> Sultan III. Ahmet D\u00f6nemi&#8217;nde Avrupa tekni\u011fi reform modeli olarak benimsenmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <strong>\u0130brahim M\u00fcteferrika ve Sait Efendi&#8217;nin kurdu\u011fu matbaa (1727)<\/strong>, Osmanl\u0131 fikir ve bilim hayat\u0131n\u0131 derinden etkilemi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Sultan III. Selim ve II. Mahmut D\u00f6nemleri:<\/strong> Sanayi ve teknolojide Bat\u0131 \u00f6rnek al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Avrupa tarz\u0131 teknik ve metotlar ilk kez askeri alanda uygulanmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Terc\u00fcme Odas\u0131 (XIX. Y\u00fczy\u0131l):<\/strong> Terc\u00fcme i\u015fleri kurumsal bir yap\u0131ya kavu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Avrupa&#8217;da kullan\u0131lan t\u0131p terimleri T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir. <strong>\u015eanizade&#8217;nin &#8220;Hamse&#8221;si ve Meninski&#8217;nin s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/strong> \u00f6nemli terc\u00fcmelerdir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hekimba\u015f\u0131 Subhiz\u00e2de Abd\u00fclaziz Efendi:<\/strong> XVIII. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n \u00f6nemli hekimlerindendir. <strong>Herman Boerhaave&#8217;nin &#8220;Aforizmalar&#8221; adl\u0131 eserini T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u00e7evirmi\u015ftir<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tezkireci K\u00f6se \u0130brahim Efendi:<\/strong> <strong>Kopernik&#8217;in Z\u00eeci&#8217;ni &#8220;Secencel el-Efl\u00e2k f\u00ee G\u00e2yet el-\u0130dr\u00e2k&#8221; ad\u0131yla terc\u00fcme etmi\u015ftir<\/strong>. Bu, Avrupa dillerinden astronomi cetvelleri alan\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ilk \u00e7eviridir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Sefaretnameler:<\/strong> Bat\u0131 biliminin Osmanl\u0131&#8217;ya aktar\u0131lmas\u0131nda terc\u00fcmelerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra sefaretnamelerin de b\u00fcy\u00fck etkisi olmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Yirmisekiz \u00c7elebi Mehmet Efendi&#8217;nin Paris Sefaretnamesi:<\/strong> Bat\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n geli\u015fim dinamiklerini ve bilim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 Osmanl\u0131&#8217;ya aktarm\u0131\u015f, Osmanl\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n Bat\u0131&#8217;ya bak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Matbaan\u0131n kurulmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fransa&#8217;dan getirdi\u011fi yenilikler \u0130stanbul&#8217;da Bat\u0131 modas\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <strong>Levn\u00ee&#8217;nin minyat\u00fcrlerinde Bat\u0131 usul\u00fc yeni bir tarz ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>OSMANLI&#8217;DA B\u0130L\u0130MSEL GEL\u0130\u015eMELER (XVIII-XIX. Y\u00dcZYIL)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>XVII. Y\u00fczy\u0131ldan \u0130tibaren Gerileme:<\/strong> Askeri, ekonomik, siyasi ve bilimsel gerilemeler devleti olumsuz etkilemi\u015ftir. <strong>K\u00e2tip \u00c7elebi ve Ko\u00e7i Bey<\/strong> gibi \u00f6nemli isimler bu konuda tedbir al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirtmi\u015flerdir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>XVIII. Y\u00fczy\u0131ldan \u0130tibaren Modernle\u015fme:<\/strong> Bat\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bilim ve teknikte geri kal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve Bat\u0131 tarz\u0131 modernle\u015fme zorunlu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u0130lk olarak askeri, ard\u0131ndan sivil okullar a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Askeri Alanda Modernle\u015fme:<\/strong> Ordunun ate\u015fli silahlar\u0131ndaki tekni\u011fin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve Bat\u0131 tarz\u0131 modernle\u015fmesi i\u00e7in giri\u015fimlerde bulunulmu\u015ftur. <strong>Humbarac\u0131 Oca\u011f\u0131&#8217;nda yap\u0131lan \u0131slah \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131<\/strong> \u00f6nemlidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kont de Bonneval (Humbarac\u0131 Ahmet Pa\u015fa):<\/strong> Frans\u0131z as\u0131ll\u0131 bu uzman, Osmanl\u0131&#8217;ya s\u0131\u011f\u0131narak \u0130slam&#8217;\u0131 kabul etmi\u015f ve Humbarac\u0131 Oca\u011f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n modernle\u015ftirilmesinde \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (1731). <strong>1734&#8217;te Humbarac\u0131 Oca\u011f\u0131, Top\u00e7u Oca\u011f\u0131&#8217;ndan ayr\u0131larak farkl\u0131 bir s\u0131n\u0131f haline getirilmi\u015ftir<\/strong>. Bu, Osmanl\u0131&#8217;da ilk kez Avrupa usul\u00fcnde yeni bir askeri e\u011fitim s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Hendesehane (Askeri M\u00fchendishanesi):<\/strong> Sultan I. Mahmut D\u00f6nemi&#8217;nde (1734) Humbarac\u0131 Oca\u011f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak ve kara subay\u0131 yeti\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <strong>Bat\u0131 tarz\u0131nda e\u011fitim veren ilk askeri okuldur<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>M\u00fchendishane-i Bahri H\u00fcmayun (Deniz M\u00fchendishanesi):<\/strong> Sultan I. Abd\u00fclhamit D\u00f6nemi&#8217;nde donanman\u0131n subay ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak \u00fczere a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>M\u00fchendishane-i Berri-i H\u00fcmayun (Kara M\u00fchendishanesi):<\/strong> Sultan III. Selim D\u00f6nemi&#8217;nde ordunun subay ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak \u00fczere kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Mekteb-i Harbiye (1835):<\/strong> Yeni\u00e7eri Oca\u011f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan ordunun subay ve astsubay ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak amac\u0131yla Sultan II. Mahmut D\u00f6nemi&#8217;nde kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dar\u00fclf\u00fcnun (\u00dcniversite):<\/strong> Sadrazam Fuat Pa\u015fa&#8217;n\u0131n giri\u015fimiyle 1863&#8217;te e\u011fitime ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, ancak \u00e7e\u015fitli nedenlerle uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1933&#8217;te yerine \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Tar\u0131m ve Orman Alan\u0131nda E\u011fitim:<\/strong> Tar\u0131m\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in <strong>Ameli Ziraat Mektebi (1847)<\/strong>, ormanlar\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in <strong>Orman Mektebi (1857)<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00d6\u011fretmen Yeti\u015ftirme:<\/strong> K\u0131z \u00f6\u011fretmen okulu olan <strong>Dar\u00fclmuallim\u00e2t (1870)<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sanayi E\u011fitimi:<\/strong> Sultan II. Abd\u00fclhamit D\u00f6nemi&#8217;nde <strong>Mektebi Sanayi (1885)<\/strong> ile end\u00fcstri meslek liselerinin temelleri at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <strong>Halkal\u0131 Ziraat Mektebi (1892)<\/strong> ile tar\u0131mdaki yenilikler takip edilmek istenmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Di\u011fer Y\u00fcksekokullar:<\/strong> Hukuk\u00e7u ve hakim yeti\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in <strong>Mekteb-i Hukuk-\u0131 \u015eahane<\/strong>, eczac\u0131lar i\u00e7in <strong>Eczac\u0131 Mektebi<\/strong>, denizciler i\u00e7in <strong>T\u00fcccar Kaptan Mektebi<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>T\u0131p Alan\u0131ndaki Geli\u015fmeler:<\/strong> Dr. Aleksandr Zoiros Pa\u015fa&#8217;n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla mikrobiyoloji alan\u0131nda geli\u015fmeler ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f, kuduz laboratuvar\u0131 ve bakteriyoloji ameliyathanesi a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <strong>Bakteriyolojihane-i \u015eahane (1893)<\/strong> kurulmu\u015f ve serum, a\u015f\u0131 \u00fcretimine ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Rasathane-i Amire (Kandilli Rasathanesi):<\/strong> Aristide Coumbary&#8217;nin \u00e7abalar\u0131yla kurulmu\u015f (XIX. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131), hava ve do\u011fa olaylar\u0131n\u0131 incelemeyi ama\u00e7lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kimyevi ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve tahlil i\u00e7in <strong>kimyahaneler<\/strong> kurulmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>XVIII VE XIX. Y\u00dcZYILDA OSMANLI&#8217;DA E\u011e\u0130T\u0130M VE B\u0130L\u0130M ALANINDA YAPILAN \u00c7ALI\u015eMALAR (\u00d6NEML\u0130 B\u0130L\u0130M \u0130NSANLARI)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Mehmed Said Efendi:<\/strong> Top at\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n isabeti i\u00e7in mesafe \u00f6l\u00e7meye yarayan jeodezi aleti &#8220;<strong>m\u00fcsellesiye<\/strong>&#8220;yi icat etmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Erzurumlu \u0130brahim Hakk\u0131 (1703-1780):<\/strong> XVIII. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n \u00f6nemli alimlerindendir. Ahlak ve tasavvuf konular\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren <strong>Ma&#8217;rifetn\u00e2me<\/strong> adl\u0131 eseriyle tan\u0131n\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Yabanc\u0131 Uzmanlar:<\/strong> Ordunun modernle\u015fmesi i\u00e7in Fransa&#8217;dan <strong>Lafitte-Clav\u00e9<\/strong> (istihkam m\u00fchendisi) ve <strong>Chevalier Truguet<\/strong> (subay) gibi uzmanlar getirilmi\u015ftir. <strong>Le Roy<\/strong> (gemi in\u015fa m\u00fchendisi) Osmanl\u0131 donanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok sava\u015f gemisi in\u015fa etmi\u015ftir. <strong>M. Benoit<\/strong> (m\u00fchendis) tersane mimarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f ve gemi in\u015fas\u0131 \u00fczerine dersler vermi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Gelenbevi \u0130smail Efendi (1730-1791):<\/strong> XVIII. y\u00fczy\u0131l bilim insanlar\u0131ndand\u0131r. Deniz Harp Okulu&#8217;nda matematik ve geometri dersleri vermi\u015ftir. Top namlular\u0131n\u0131n hedefi bulmas\u0131 konusunda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u00fcseyin R\u0131fk\u0131 Tamani (?-1817):<\/strong> Sultan III. Selim D\u00f6nemi bilim insan\u0131d\u0131r. Matematik, co\u011frafya ve astronomi alan\u0131ndaki eserleriyle modern Bat\u0131 biliminin Osmanl\u0131&#8217;ya giri\u015fine \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmi\u015ftir. <strong>Logaritma Ris\u00e2lesi ve Us\u00fbl-i Hendese<\/strong> \u00f6nemli eserleridir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0130shak Efendi (?-1834):<\/strong> M\u00fchendishane-i Berri-i H\u00fcmayun&#8217;da matematik hocal\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f ve &#8220;ba\u015fhocal\u0131\u011fa&#8221; y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir. <strong>Mecm\u00fba-i Ul\u00fbm-i Riy\u00e2ziyye<\/strong> adl\u0131 eseri matematik, fizik ve kimya ilimlerini i\u00e7erir ve modern kimya konusunda bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ilk T\u00fcrk\u00e7e makaleyi bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Kimyager Dervi\u015f Pa\u015fa (1817-1879):<\/strong> M\u00fchendishane-i Berri-i H\u00fcmayun&#8217;da yeti\u015fmi\u015f, Avrupa&#8217;da kimya alan\u0131nda bilgisini geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Osmanl\u0131&#8217;da kimya biliminin temellerini atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <strong>Usul-i Kimya<\/strong> adl\u0131 eseri inorganik kimya alan\u0131nda \u00f6nemlidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vidinli Tevfik Pa\u015fa (1832-1901):<\/strong> Erk\u00e2n-\u0131 Harbiye&#8217;de matematik ve astronomi dersleri vermi\u015ftir. Balistik ve t\u00fcfek \u00fcretimi \u00fczerine ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <strong>Zeyl-i Usul-i Cebir<\/strong> adl\u0131 eseri me\u015fhurdur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>K\u0131r\u0131ml\u0131 Aziz Bey (1840-1878):<\/strong> Mekteb-i T\u0131bbiye-i \u015eahane&#8217;yi bitirmi\u015f, t\u0131p ve kimya alan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u0131bbiyelerde e\u011fitim dilinin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f ve ders kitaplar\u0131 yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <strong>Kimya-y\u0131 T\u0131bbi<\/strong> ilk T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kimya kitab\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fatin G\u00f6kmen (1877-1955):<\/strong> Yak\u0131n d\u00f6nem T\u00fcrk tarihinin \u00f6nemli astronom ve meteorologlar\u0131ndand\u0131r. <strong>Kandilli Rasathanesi&#8217;nin kurucusudur<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>T\u0131p Alan\u0131ndaki Geli\u015fmeler (Devam):<\/strong> Osmanl\u0131 Devleti, t\u0131p bilimine ve e\u011fitimine b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem vermi\u015ftir. II. Mahmut D\u00f6nemi&#8217;nde modern t\u0131p okullar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: <strong>T\u0131phane-i Amire (1827) ve Cerrahhane-i Amire (1832)<\/strong>. Bu okullar daha sonra <strong>Mekteb-i T\u0131bbiye-i Adliye-i \u015eahane (1838)<\/strong> ad\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <strong>Mektebi T\u0131bbiye-i M\u00fclkiye (1867)<\/strong> sivil t\u0131p alan\u0131ndaki ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sivil ve askeri t\u0131p okullar\u0131 1908&#8217;de birle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u015eanizade Ataullah Efendi (1771-1826):<\/strong> Osmanl\u0131 t\u0131bb\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fclerindendir. T\u0131p, tarih, matematik, edebiyat ve co\u011frafya alanlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Avrupa t\u0131bb\u0131na ait bilgileri aktarmak i\u00e7in <strong>Mi\u2018y\u00e2r\u00fc&#8217;l-Etibb\u00e2<\/strong> adl\u0131 eseri terc\u00fcme etmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hekimba\u015f\u0131 Mustafa Beh\u00e7et Efendi (1774-1834):<\/strong> Osmanl\u0131&#8217;da modern t\u0131bb\u0131n kurucular\u0131ndand\u0131r. T\u0131p e\u011fitiminin modern okullarda verilmesini savunmu\u015f ve <strong>T\u0131phane-i Amire&#8217;nin (1827)<\/strong> kurulmas\u0131na \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmi\u015ftir. Avrupa dillerinden bir\u00e7ok t\u0131p kitab\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u00e7evirmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hayrullah Efendi (1818-1866):<\/strong> T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 <strong>Makalat-\u0131 T\u0131bbiyye<\/strong> adl\u0131 eseri hekimlere k\u0131lavuz niteli\u011findedir ve t\u0131p dilinin T\u00fcrk\u00e7ele\u015fmesine hizmet etmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Karl Ambroise Bernard (1808-1844):<\/strong> Sultan II. Mahmut&#8217;un iste\u011fi \u00fczerine \u0130stanbul&#8217;a gelerek <strong>Mekteb-i T\u0131bbiyye-i Adliyye-i \u015eahane&#8217;nin kurucu hekimi<\/strong> olmu\u015ftur. T\u00fcrk t\u0131bb\u0131na \u00f6nemli hizmetlerde bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Bu sayfada payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u00a0\u0130slam Bilim Tarihi Dersi\u00a0ders notlar\u0131m\u0131z sayesinde t\u00fcm konulara hakim olacaks\u0131n\u0131z.\u00a0Se\u00e7meli \u0130slam Bilim Tarihi Dersi\u00a09. 10. 11. ve 12. s\u0131n\u0131flarda se\u00e7meli olarak okutulan bir <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/06\/01\/islam-bilim-tarihi-11-unite-osmanlida-bilim-calismalari-xviii-xix-yuzyil-ders-notlari\/\" title=\"\u0130slam Bilim Tarihi 11. \u00dcnite: Osmanl\u0131&#8217;da Bilim \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 (XVIII-XIX. Y\u00fczy\u0131l) Ders Notlar\u0131\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":223,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_regular_price":[],"currency_symbol":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[245],"tags":[247,248],"class_list":["post-2870","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-islam-bilim-tarihi","tag-islam-bilim-tarihi","tag-secmeli-islam-bilim-tarihi"],"post_slider_layout_featured_media_urls":{"thumbnail":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/tarih-ders-notlari-150x150.png",150,150,true],"post_slider_layout_landscape_large":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/tarih-ders-notlari-1200x720.png",1200,720,true],"post_slider_layout_portrait_large":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/tarih-ders-notlari-1200x720.png",1200,720,true],"post_slider_layout_square_large":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/tarih-ders-notlari-1200x720.png",1200,720,true],"post_slider_layout_landscape":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/tarih-ders-notlari-600x400.png",600,400,true],"post_slider_layout_portrait":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/tarih-ders-notlari-600x720.png",600,720,true],"post_slider_layout_square":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/tarih-ders-notlari-600x600.png",600,600,true],"full":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/tarih-ders-notlari.png",1280,720,false]},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0130slam Bilim Tarihi 11. \u00dcnite: Osmanl\u0131&#039;da Bilim \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 (XVIII-XIX. 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