{"id":3040,"date":"2025-11-07T22:27:25","date_gmt":"2025-11-07T19:27:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/?p=3040"},"modified":"2025-11-07T22:27:26","modified_gmt":"2025-11-07T19:27:26","slug":"10-sinif-tarih-i-unite-turkistandan-turkiyeye-1040-1299-soru-cevap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2025\/11\/07\/10-sinif-tarih-i-unite-turkistandan-turkiyeye-1040-1299-soru-cevap\/","title":{"rendered":"10. S\u0131n\u0131f Tarih I. \u00dcnite T\u00fcrkistan\u2019dan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye (1040-1299) Soru-Cevap"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda\u00a0g\u00fcncel m\u00fcfredata<\/strong>\u00a0g\u00f6re haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u00a010. s\u0131n\u0131f tarih dersi 1. \u00fcnitesi<\/strong>\u00a0olan T\u00fcrkistan\u2019dan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye (1040-1299) soru- cevap<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015f\u0131yoruz.\u00a010. s\u0131n\u0131f tarih soru cevap<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z sayesinde ders kitab\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sorular\u0131n\u0131 rahatl\u0131kla \u00e7\u00f6zeceksiniz.\u00a010. s\u0131n\u0131f tarih yaz\u0131l\u0131ya haz\u0131rl\u0131k\u00a0<\/strong>\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131zdaki sorular sizleri\u00a010. s\u0131n\u0131f tarih yaz\u0131l\u0131s\u0131na<\/strong>\u00a0haz\u0131rlayacak.\u00a0Tarih dersi 10. s\u0131n\u0131f sorular<\/strong>\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zerek\u00a0tyt tarih\u00a0<\/strong>ve\u00a0ayt tarih\u00a0<\/strong>s\u0131navlar\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olacaks\u0131n\u0131z.\u00a0Maarif modeline<\/strong>\u00a0uygun olarak haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u00a010. s\u0131n\u0131f tarih sorular\u0131<\/strong>\u00a0a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki konular\u0131 kapsamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6NEML\u0130 ASKER\u00ce M\u00dcCADELELER\u0130N T\u00dcRK TAR\u0130H\u0130N\u0130N SEYR\u0130NE ETK\u0130LER\u0130<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu’ya \u0130lk T\u00fcrk Ak\u0131nlar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu’ya y\u00f6nelik ilk T\u00fcrk ak\u0131nlar\u0131 kimler taraf\u0131ndan ve hangi y\u00fczy\u0131lda ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Anadolu’ya y\u00f6nelik ilk T\u00fcrk ak\u0131nlar\u0131 M\u00d6 8. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u0130skitler taraf\u0131ndan ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130skitlerden sonra hangi T\u00fcrk topluluklar\u0131 Anadolu’ya ak\u0131nlar d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Bu ak\u0131nlar 4. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Hunlar ve 6. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Sibir T\u00fcrkleri ile devam etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu’ya yap\u0131lan bu ilk T\u00fcrk ak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n temel amac\u0131 neydi?<\/strong> Bu ilk ak\u0131nlar\u0131n amac\u0131 yerle\u015fmek de\u011fil, Anadolu’yu ke\u015ffetmek, yeni ge\u00e7im kaynaklar\u0131 bulmak ve ticaret yapmakt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Konstantinopolis’i ku\u015fatan T\u00fcrk toplulu\u011fu hangisidir ve bu ku\u015fatma ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmu\u015f mudur?<\/strong> 7. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Avar T\u00fcrkleri, Bizans’\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Konstantinopolis’i (\u0130stanbul) ku\u015fatm\u0131\u015f fakat ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

11. y\u00fczy\u0131lda hangi T\u00fcrk toplulu\u011fu ve hangi b\u00f6lgelerde yeni bir yurt aray\u0131\u015f\u0131na girmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> 11. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ise O\u011fuz T\u00fcrkleri, Horasan ve Mavera\u00fcnnehir b\u00f6lgelerinde yeni bir yurt aray\u0131\u015f\u0131na girmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O\u011fuzlar Neden Anadolu\u2019ya Ak\u0131nlar D\u00fczenledi?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

O\u011fuzlar\u0131n Anadolu’ya ak\u0131nlar d\u00fczenlemesinin ba\u015fl\u0131ca nedenleri nelerdir?<\/strong> Anadolu\u2019nun \u0130pek Yolu \u00fczerinde yer almas\u0131, Asya ile Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 birbirine ba\u011flayan bir konumda olmas\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7 taraf\u0131n\u0131n denizlerle \u00e7evrili olmas\u0131, verimli topraklara sahip olmas\u0131, iklim ve bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn T\u00fcrklerin ya\u015famas\u0131na uygun olmas\u0131, \u0130slamiyet\u2019in etkisiyle cihat ve gaza gelene\u011finin benimsenmesi ve Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nu siyasi y\u00f6nden zay\u0131f durumda olmas\u0131 O\u011fuzlar\u0131n Anadolu\u2019ya ak\u0131nlar yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda etkili olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu’nun “T\u00fcrkiye” Olmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam kaynaklar\u0131nda Anadolu co\u011frafyas\u0131 i\u00e7in hangi ifade kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve bu ne anlama gelmektedir?<\/strong> T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam kaynaklar\u0131nda Anadolu co\u011frafyas\u0131 i\u00e7in “Diyar-\u0131 Rum” (Roma \u00dclkesi) ifadesi kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu hangi olaydan sonra k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve n\u00fcfus a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tam bir T\u00fcrk yurdu haline gelmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Malazgirt Zaferi’nden sonra Anadolu, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve n\u00fcfus a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tam bir T\u00fcrk yurdu haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bat\u0131l\u0131 tarih\u00e7iler Anadolu i\u00e7in “T\u00fcrkiye” ismini ne zaman ve neden kullanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Bat\u0131l\u0131 tarih\u00e7iler, II. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi (1148) s\u0131ras\u0131nda Anadolu’daki yo\u011fun T\u00fcrk n\u00fcfusunu ve direni\u015fini g\u00f6rerek bu co\u011frafya i\u00e7in “T\u00fcrkiye” ismini kullanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir di\u011fer isim nedir?<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir di\u011fer isim de “Sel\u00e2\u00e7\u0131ka-y\u0131 Rum” (Rum Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131) idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nin Kurulu\u015fu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nin kurucusu Sel\u00e7uk Bey hangi boya mensuptu ve O\u011fuz Yabgu Devleti’ndeki g\u00f6revi neydi?<\/strong> Devletin kurucusu Sel\u00e7uk Bey, O\u011fuzlar\u0131n K\u0131n\u0131k boyuna mensuptu ve O\u011fuz Yabgu Devleti’nde ordu komutan\u0131 (suba\u015f\u0131) idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uk Bey, Cend \u015fehrine neden gelmi\u015f ve burada hangi \u00f6nemli olay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Yabgu ile anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce maiyetiyle birlikte Cend \u015fehrine gelerek burada \u0130slamiyet’i kabul etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gazneli Sultan\u0131 Mahmud, Sel\u00e7uk Bey’in o\u011flu Arslan Yabgu’ya kar\u015f\u0131 nas\u0131l bir politika izlemi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Sel\u00e7uk Bey’in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra Gazneli Sultan\u0131 Mahmud, o\u011flu Arslan Yabgu’yu hileyle yakalat\u0131p hapsetmi\u015ftir (1025).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arslan Yabgu’nun hapsedilmesinden sonra O\u011fuzlar kimlerin etraf\u0131nda toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Bunun \u00fczerine O\u011fuzlar, Sel\u00e7uk Bey’in torunlar\u0131 olan Tu\u011frul Bey ve \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131 Bey etraf\u0131nda toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dandanakan Sava\u015f\u0131 ve Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dandanakan Sava\u015f\u0131 hangi tarihte ve kimler aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Tu\u011frul ve \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131 Beyler liderli\u011findeki O\u011fuzlar, 1040 y\u0131l\u0131nda Gazneliler ile Dandanakan Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dandanakan Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli siyasi sonucu nedir?<\/strong> Bu zaferin ard\u0131ndan B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti resmen kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dandanakan Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 yap\u0131lan toplant\u0131da kim sultan ilan edilmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Sava\u015f sonras\u0131 yap\u0131lan toplant\u0131da Tu\u011frul Bey, yeni devletin ilk sultan\u0131 ilan edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklular, Dandanakan Zaferi ile hangi b\u00f6lgeye h\u00e2kim olmu\u015f ve hangi \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revi \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Bu zaferle Sel\u00e7uklular, Horasan’a h\u00e2kim olmu\u015f ve t\u00fcm S\u00fcnni-\u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n koruyuculu\u011fu g\u00f6revini \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pasinler Sava\u015f\u0131 (1048)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklular, Dandanakan Zaferi’nden sonra hangi co\u011frafyan\u0131n fethi i\u00e7in ak\u0131nlar d\u00fczenlemeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Sel\u00e7uklular, Dandanakan Zaferi’nden sonra Anadolu’nun fethi i\u00e7in ak\u0131nlar d\u00fczenlemeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tu\u011frul Bey’in Bizans \u00fczerine y\u00fcr\u00fcmesinin nedeni nedir?<\/strong> Bizansl\u0131lar\u0131n \u015eehzade Hasan’\u0131 \u015fehit etmesi \u00fczerine Tu\u011frul Bey, intikam ve gaza amac\u0131yla Bizans \u00fczerine y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pasinler Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n tarihi, yeri ve T\u00fcrk tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemi nedir?<\/strong> 18 Eyl\u00fcl 1048’de Erzurum yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki Pasinler Ovas\u0131’nda yap\u0131lan bu sava\u015f, Sel\u00e7uklular ile Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ilk b\u00fcy\u00fck sava\u015f olarak tarihe ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pasinler Sava\u015f\u0131’nda Sel\u00e7uklu ordusunu kimler komuta etmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Sel\u00e7uklu ordusunu \u0130brahim Y\u0131nal ve Kutalm\u0131\u015f komuta ediyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pasinler Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pasinler Sava\u015f\u0131’ndan sonra Bizans’\u0131n tutumu ne olmu\u015f ve bu durum neye yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Sava\u015ftan sonra Bizans bar\u0131\u015f istemi\u015f ve iki devlet aras\u0131nda diplomatik ili\u015fkiler kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pasinler Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 yap\u0131lan anla\u015fmayla \u0130stanbul’daki hangi yap\u0131n\u0131n tamir edilmesi kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Anla\u015fma ile \u0130stanbul’da Emeviler d\u00f6neminden kalma harap bir caminin tamir edilmesi kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130stanbul’da tamir edilen camide hutbenin kimler ad\u0131na okunmas\u0131 karar\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Bu camide hutbenin Abbasi Halifesi ve Sultan Tu\u011frul Bey ad\u0131na okunmas\u0131 sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Caminin mihrab\u0131na hangi Sel\u00e7uklu h\u00e2kimiyet sembol\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u015flenmesine karar verilmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Ayr\u0131ca caminin mihrab\u0131na Sel\u00e7uklu h\u00e2kimiyet sembol\u00fc olan “ok ve yay” damgas\u0131n\u0131n i\u015flenmesine karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pasinler Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 anla\u015fman\u0131n maddeleri, Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131n hangi ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir?<\/strong> Bu maddeler, Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131n askeri ba\u015far\u0131y\u0131 siyasi ve dini bir kazan\u0131ma d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malazgirt Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00d6ncesi Anadolu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malazgirt Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun genel durumu nas\u0131ld\u0131?<\/strong> Bizans’\u0131n Sasani ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlarla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 uzun sava\u015flar Anadolu’yu harap etmi\u015fti. Bizans; Balkanlarda Pe\u00e7enekler, Uzlar (O\u011fuzlar) ve Kumanlar gibi T\u00fcrk boylar\u0131yla m\u00fccadele ediyordu. \u0130mparatorluk i\u00e7indeki taht kavgalar\u0131, a\u011f\u0131r vergiler ve yerel y\u00f6neticilerin (tekfurlar) halka zulmetmesi devleti zay\u0131flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bizans’\u0131n i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu zay\u0131f durum hangi sonucu do\u011furmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Bu durum, T\u00fcrklerin Anadolu’ya yerle\u015fmesini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sultan Alp Arslan, 1064 y\u0131l\u0131nda hangi \u00f6nemli kaleyi fethederek Bizans’a darbe vurmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Sultan Alp Arslan, 1064’te “fethedilemez” denilen Ani Kalesi’ni fethederek Bizans’a b\u00fcy\u00fck bir darbe vurdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malazgirt Zaferi (1071)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bizans \u0130mparatoru Romanos Diogenes’in Malazgirt seferine \u00e7\u0131kmaktaki amac\u0131 neydi?<\/strong> Bizans \u0130mparatoru Romanos Diogenes (Romen Diyojen), T\u00fcrkleri Anadolu’dan atmak i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir orduyla sefere \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sultan Alp Arslan, Bizans ordusunun sefere \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 haberini ald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda neredeydi ve ne yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Bu s\u0131rada M\u0131s\u0131r seferinde olan Sultan Alp Arslan, haberi al\u0131nca h\u0131zla geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malazgirt Sava\u015f\u0131 hangi tarihte ve nerede ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> \u0130ki ordu, 26 A\u011fustos 1071 Cuma g\u00fcn\u00fc Malazgirt Ovas\u0131’nda kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya geldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malazgirt Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n sonucu ne olmu\u015ftur ve bu zafer T\u00fcrk tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan nas\u0131l bilinir?<\/strong> Sava\u015f, Sultan Alp Arslan komutas\u0131ndaki Sel\u00e7uklu ordusunun kesin zaferiyle sonu\u00e7land\u0131. Bu zafer, “Anadolu’nun kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrklere a\u00e7an sava\u015f” olarak bilinir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malazgirt Zaferi’nin Kazan\u0131lma Nedenleri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malazgirt Zaferi’nin kazan\u0131lmas\u0131nda etkili olan nedenleri s\u0131ralay\u0131n\u0131z.<\/strong> Turan (Bozk\u0131r Kapan\u0131) takti\u011finin ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde uygulanmas\u0131. Bizans ordusunda paral\u0131 asker olan Uz (O\u011fuz) ve Pe\u00e7enek T\u00fcrklerinin soyda\u015flar\u0131 olan Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131n taraf\u0131na ge\u00e7mesi. Sultan Alp Arslan’\u0131n Cuma namaz\u0131ndan sonra yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 co\u015fkulu ve motive edici konu\u015fma. Bizans ordusunun \u00e7ok kalabal\u0131k olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen hantal bir yap\u0131ya sahip olmas\u0131 ve komutanlar aras\u0131ndaki g\u00fcvensizlik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malazgirt Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malazgirt Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n T\u00fcrk ve d\u00fcnya tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan do\u011furdu\u011fu ba\u015fl\u0131ca sonu\u00e7lar nelerdir?<\/strong> Anadolu T\u00fcrk yurdu olmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bizans’\u0131n \u0130sl\u00e2m d\u00fcnyas\u0131 \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131s\u0131 son bulmu\u015ftur. Bizans\u2019\u0131n Anadolu\u2019daki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 zarar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Avrupal\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan (1096-1270) Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferleri\u2018nin d\u00fczenlenmesine ortam olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. T\u00fcrkiye Tarihi bu sava\u015f sonunda ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Anadolu’da Sultan Alparslan’\u0131n komutanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan, ilk T\u00fcrk beylikleri kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malazgirt Sava\u015f\u0131’ndan sonra Anadolu’da kurulan ilk T\u00fcrk beylikleri hangileridir?<\/strong> Anadolu’da Sultan Alparslan’\u0131n komutanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan Dani\u015fmentliler, Meng\u00fccekliler, Saltuklular, Artuklular ve \u00c7aka Beyli\u011fi kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Miryokefalon Sava\u015f\u0131 (1176) – Yurt Tutan Sava\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Miryokefalon Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nin Anadolu’daki durumu nas\u0131ld\u0131?<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu Sultan\u0131 II. K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7arslan, Anadolu’daki T\u00fcrk h\u00e2kimiyetini g\u00fc\u00e7lendiriyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bizans \u0130mparatoru Manuel Comnenos’un Miryokefalon seferine \u00e7\u0131kmaktaki amac\u0131 neydi?<\/strong> Bizans \u0130mparatoru Manuel Comnenos, T\u00fcrkleri Anadolu’dan tamamen atmak amac\u0131yla Alman, Frans\u0131z, \u0130ngiliz ve Macar gibi milletlerden olu\u015fan dev bir ordu toplad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Miryokefalon Sava\u015f\u0131’nda Sel\u00e7uklu ordusu hangi takti\u011fi uygulam\u0131\u015f ve sava\u015f\u0131n sonucu ne olmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Sel\u00e7uklu ordusu, Bizansl\u0131lar\u0131n ge\u00e7ece\u011fi Miryokefalon yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki dar bir ge\u00e7itte pusu kurdu. 17 Eyl\u00fcl 1176’da yap\u0131lan sava\u015fta Bizans ordusu a\u011f\u0131r bir yenilgiye u\u011frat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Miryokefalon Zaferi’nin \u00d6nemi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Miryokefalon Zaferi’nin T\u00fcrk tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemi nedir?<\/strong> Bu zafer, “Vatan ve Devlet Koruyan Zafer” olarak tarihe ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun T\u00fcrkleri Anadolu’dan atma \u00fcmidi tamamen sona ermi\u015ftir. Anadolu’nun kesin olarak bir T\u00fcrk yurdu oldu\u011fu bu zaferle kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f ve Bat\u0131l\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan da kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Malazgirt Zaferi ile T\u00fcrklere a\u00e7\u0131lan vatan, Miryokefalon Zaferi ile g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu’da Kurulan \u0130lk T\u00fcrk Beylikleri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

“K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 hakk\u0131” nedir ve kim taraf\u0131ndan uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Sultan Alp Arslan, Malazgirt Zaferi’nden sonra komutanlar\u0131na fethettikleri topraklarda kendi beyliklerini kurma izni verdi. Bu duruma “k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 hakk\u0131” denir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu’da kurulan ilk T\u00fcrk beyliklerinin b\u00f6lgenin T\u00fcrkle\u015fmesi ve \u0130slamla\u015fmas\u0131ndaki rol\u00fc ne olmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Bu beylikler, fethettikleri yerlere T\u00fcrk\u00e7e isimler vermi\u015flerdir. Anadolu’da cami, medrese, han, kervansaray, \u015fifahane gibi yap\u0131lar in\u015fa ederek b\u00f6lgeyi bay\u0131nd\u0131r hale getirdiler. Yapt\u0131klar\u0131 fetihler ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel faaliyetlerle Anadolu’nun T\u00fcrkle\u015fmesi ve \u0130slamla\u015fmas\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir rol oynad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130lk T\u00fcrk Beylikleri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Saltuklular hakk\u0131nda bilgi veriniz (kuruldu\u011fu yer, \u00f6nemi ve eseri).<\/strong> Erzurum ve \u00e7evresinde kuruldu. Anadolu’daki ilk T\u00fcrk beyli\u011fidir. En \u00f6nemli eseri: Mama Hatun K\u00fclliyesi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meng\u00fccekliler nerede kurulmu\u015ftur ve UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 listesinde yer alan en \u00f6nemli eseri nedir?<\/strong> Erzincan ve \u00e7evresinde kuruldu. En \u00f6nemli eseri: Divri\u011fi Ulu Cami ve Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fifas\u0131 (UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dani\u015fmentlilerin \u00f6zellikleri nelerdir ve Anadolu’daki ilk medrese olan eserlerinin ad\u0131 nedir?<\/strong> Sivas merkezli kuruldu. Anadolu’daki en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc beyliklerden biriydi. Ha\u00e7l\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 m\u00fccadeleler verdiler. En \u00f6nemli eseri: Ya\u011f\u0131basan Medresesi (Anadolu’da in\u015fa edilen ilk medrese).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Artuklular nerede kurulmu\u015ftur ve en \u00f6nemli mimari eseri nedir?<\/strong> Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu’da kuruldu. En uzun s\u00fcre h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcren beyliktir. En \u00f6nemli eseri: Diyarbak\u0131r’daki Malabadi K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7aka Beyli\u011fi’nin T\u00fcrk tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemi nedir?<\/strong> \u0130zmir ve \u00e7evresinde \u00c7aka Bey taraf\u0131ndan kurulmu\u015ftur. \u00c7aka Bey, tarihteki ilk T\u00fcrk denizcisi olarak kabul edilir. Kurdu\u011fu donanma, ilk T\u00fcrk donanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu ile Ege Denizi’nde m\u00fccadele etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u0130\u011eER T\u00dcRK BEYL\u0130KLER\u0130<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

S\u00f6kmenliler (Ahlat\u015fahl\u0131lar) Beyli\u011fi nerede kurulmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Van, Erci\u015f, Tatvan, Mu\u015f civar\u0131nda kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nan\u00e7\u011fullar\u0131 Beyli\u011fi nerede kurulmu\u015f ve \u00f6nemli eseri nedir?<\/strong> Denizli, Ladik civar\u0131nda kurulmu\u015ftur. \u00d6nemli eseri Server Gazi T\u00fcrbesi’dir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dilma\u00e7o\u011fullar\u0131 Beyli\u011fi nerede kurulmu\u015f ve \u00f6nemli eseri nedir?<\/strong> Bitlis, Erzen civar\u0131nda kurulmu\u015ftur. \u00d6nemli eseri Bitlis Ulu Cami’dir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nalo\u011fullar\u0131 Beyli\u011fi nerede kurulmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Diyarbak\u0131r, Ergani civar\u0131nda kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tanr\u0131vermi\u015fo\u011fullar\u0131 Beyli\u011fi nerede kurulmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Efes civar\u0131nda kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ubuko\u011fullar\u0131 Beyli\u011fi nerede kurulmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Harput civar\u0131nda kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferleri’nin Nedenleri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferleri’nin dini nedeni nedir?<\/strong> Papa II. Urbanus’un Hristiyanlar i\u00e7in kutsal olan Kud\u00fcs’\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlardan geri almak istemesi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferleri’nin siyasi nedeni nedir?<\/strong> T\u00fcrkler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda zor durumda kalan Bizans’\u0131n Papa’dan yard\u0131m istemesi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferleri’nin ekonomik nedeni nedir?<\/strong> Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n fakirlik i\u00e7inde olmas\u0131 ve Do\u011fu’nun zenginliklerini (baharat, ipek vb.) ele ge\u00e7irmek istemeleri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferleri’nin sosyal nedeni nedir?<\/strong> Topraks\u0131z \u015f\u00f6valyelerin ve halk\u0131n macera ve zenginlik aray\u0131\u015f\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi (1096-1099)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi’nin gidi\u015fat\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti \u00fczerindeki etkisi ne olmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> \u015e\u00f6valyelerden olu\u015fan as\u0131l Ha\u00e7l\u0131 ordusu, T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nin ba\u015fkenti \u0130znik’i ele ge\u00e7irdi. Ba\u015fkent Konya’ya ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131. Dorileon Sava\u015f\u0131’nda Sel\u00e7uklular yenilince Ha\u00e7l\u0131lar Anadolu’dan ge\u00e7erek hedeflerine ula\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi sonucunda Orta Do\u011fu’da kurulan Ha\u00e7l\u0131 devletleri (kontluklar) hangileridir?<\/strong> Sefer sonucunda Urfa, Antakya, Kud\u00fcs ve Trablus’ta Ha\u00e7l\u0131 devletleri (kontluklar) kuruldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

II. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi (1147-1149)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

II. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi’ne neden olan geli\u015fme nedir?<\/strong> Musul Atabeyi Nurettin Mahmut Zengi’nin 1144 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ha\u00e7l\u0131lardan \u00f6nce Urfa\u2019y\u0131, daha sonra da Halep ve \u015eam\u2019\u0131 geri almas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

II. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi’nde Anadolu’ya gelen Ha\u00e7l\u0131 kuvvetlerinin ak\u0131beti ne olmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Anadolu\u2019ya gelen Ha\u00e7l\u0131 kuvvetleri, Konya civar\u0131nda yap\u0131lan sava\u015fta, T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 I. Mesut taraf\u0131ndan a\u011f\u0131r bir yenilgiye u\u011frat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

II. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi’nin en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fi nedir?<\/strong> II. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi\u2019nin en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fi bu sefere ilk kez kral ve imparatorlar\u0131n kat\u0131lmas\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hittin Sava\u015f\u0131 ve Kud\u00fcs’\u00fcn Fethi (1187)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hittin Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n (1187) nedeni, komutan\u0131 ve sonucu ne olmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Eyyubi Devleti’nin kurucusu Selahaddin Eyyubi, Ha\u00e7l\u0131lar\u0131n M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kervanlar\u0131na sald\u0131rmas\u0131 \u00fczerine harekete ge\u00e7ti. 1187 y\u0131l\u0131nda Hittin Sava\u015f\u0131’nda Ha\u00e7l\u0131 ordusunu imha etti. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck zaferin ard\u0131ndan Kud\u00fcs’\u00fc ku\u015fatt\u0131 ve 88 y\u0131l sonra \u015fehri Ha\u00e7l\u0131lardan geri ald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kud\u00fcs’\u00fcn fethinin \u0130slam ve Hristiyan d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki yank\u0131lar\u0131 ne olmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Kud\u00fcs’\u00fcn yeniden fethi, \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sevin\u00e7le kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131rken Avrupa’da \u015fok etkisi yaratt\u0131 ve III. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi’ne neden oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

III. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi (1189-1192)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

III. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi’ne kat\u0131lan Avrupa’n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fc\u00e7 kral\u0131 kimlerdir?<\/strong> Alman \u0130mparatoru Friedrich Barbarossa, \u0130ngiltere Kral\u0131 I. Richard (Aslan Y\u00fcrekli) ve Fransa Kral\u0131 II. Philippe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alman \u0130mparatoru Friedrich Barbarossa’n\u0131n ak\u0131beti ne olmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Friedrich Barbarossa, Anadolu’da Silifke \u00c7ay\u0131’n\u0131 ge\u00e7erken bo\u011fuldu ve ordusu da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

III. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi’nin nihai sonucu ne olmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Ha\u00e7l\u0131lar, Akka Kalesi’ni ele ge\u00e7irmelerine ra\u011fmen as\u0131l hedefleri olan Kud\u00fcs’\u00fc geri alamad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IV. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi (1202-1204)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

IV. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi’nin temel amac\u0131 neyden sapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve Ha\u00e7l\u0131lar bunun yerine ne yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Bu sefer, as\u0131l amac\u0131 olan Kud\u00fcs’ten tamamen sapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ha\u00e7l\u0131lar, Venediklilerin k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmas\u0131yla Hristiyan bir devlet olan Bizans’\u0131n ba\u015fkenti \u0130stanbul’a sald\u0131rd\u0131. 1204 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u015fehri ele ge\u00e7irip \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn boyunca ya\u011fmalad\u0131lar. \u0130stanbul’da Latin \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu ad\u0131yla bir devlet kurdular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IV. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi’nin Bizans ve Hristiyan d\u00fcnyas\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisi ne olmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Bu olay, Bizans’\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl derecede zay\u0131flatt\u0131 ve Katolik-Ortodoks ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 derinle\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferleri’nin Genel Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferleri’nin dini sonucu nedir?<\/strong> Kiliseye ve Papal\u0131\u011fa duyulan g\u00fcven azald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferleri’nin siyasi sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/strong> Derebeylik (feodalite) zay\u0131flad\u0131, merkezi krall\u0131klar g\u00fc\u00e7lendi. T\u00fcrklerin bat\u0131ya ilerleyi\u015fleri bir s\u00fcre durdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferleri’nin ekonomik sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/strong> Akdeniz ticareti canland\u0131, Do\u011fu-Bat\u0131 ticareti geli\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferleri’nin teknik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/strong> Avrupal\u0131lar ka\u011f\u0131t, matbaa, pusula ve barut gibi teknik bulu\u015flar\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlardan \u00f6\u011frendi. Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 aras\u0131nda k\u00fclt\u00fcrel etkile\u015fim artt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00f6seda\u011f Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00d6ncesi Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00f6seda\u011f Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nin zay\u0131flamas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 nedenleri nelerdir?<\/strong> Sultan II. G\u0131yaseddin Keyh\u00fcsrev d\u00f6neminde devlet, siyasi ve askeri a\u00e7\u0131dan zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Vezir Sadeddin K\u00f6pek gibi devlet adamlar\u0131n\u0131n olumsuz y\u00f6netimi ve halktan toplanan a\u011f\u0131r vergiler huzursuzlu\u011fa yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1240 y\u0131l\u0131nda meydana gelen Baba\u00eeler \u0130syan\u0131’n\u0131n temel nedeni nedir?<\/strong> Anadolu’daki g\u00f6\u00e7ebe T\u00fcrkmenlerin ihmal edilmesi, Baba\u00eeler \u0130syan\u0131’na (1240) neden oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baba\u00eeler \u0130syan\u0131’n\u0131n bast\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n Mo\u011follar \u00fczerindeki etkisi ne olmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Devletin bu b\u00fcy\u00fck isyan\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckle bast\u0131rmas\u0131, zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131 ve Mo\u011follar\u0131 Anadolu’ya sald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in cesaretlendirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00f6seda\u011f Sava\u015f\u0131 (1243) ve Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00f6seda\u011f Sava\u015f\u0131 hangi tarihte, nerede ve kimler aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Mo\u011fol komutan\u0131 Baycu Noyan liderli\u011findeki ordu, 1243’te Sivas yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki K\u00f6seda\u011f’da Sel\u00e7uklu ordusuyla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00f6seda\u011f Sava\u015f\u0131’nda Mo\u011follar\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131nda hangi taktik etkili olmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Mo\u011follar\u0131n uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sahte ricat (geri \u00e7ekilme) takti\u011fi i\u015fe yarad\u0131 ve Sel\u00e7uklu ordusu a\u011f\u0131r bir yenilgi ald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00f6seda\u011f Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti, Mo\u011fol h\u00e2kimiyetine girdi ve y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecine ba\u015flad\u0131. Anadolu’daki T\u00fcrk siyasi birli\u011fi bozuldu. Anadolu’da can ve mal g\u00fcvenli\u011fi kalmad\u0131, ticaret yollar\u0131 \u00f6nemini yitirdi. Bu otorite bo\u015flu\u011fu, \u0130kinci T\u00fcrk Beylikleri’nin kurulmas\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rlad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00f6seda\u011f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan Sonra Anadolu\u2019da Kurulan T\u00fcrk Beylikleri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00f6seda\u011f Sava\u015f\u0131’ndan sonra Anadolu’da kurulan ba\u015fl\u0131ca T\u00fcrk beylikleri ve kurulduklar\u0131 yerler nerelerdir?<\/strong> Karamano\u011fullar\u0131 (Konya civar\u0131), Osmano\u011fullar\u0131 (S\u00f6\u011f\u00fct ve Domani\u00e7 civar\u0131), Germiyano\u011fullar\u0131 (K\u00fctahya civar\u0131), Hamito\u011fullar\u0131 (Isparta ve Burdur civar\u0131), Ayd\u0131no\u011fullar\u0131 (Ayd\u0131n civar\u0131), Candaro\u011fullar\u0131 (Kastamonu ve Sinop civar\u0131), Mente\u015feo\u011fullar\u0131 (Mu\u011fla civar\u0131), Ramazano\u011fullar\u0131 (Adana ve Tarsus civar\u0131), Saruhano\u011fullar\u0131 (\u0130zmir ve Manisa civar\u0131), Dulkadiro\u011fullar\u0131 (Mara\u015f civar\u0131), Karesio\u011fullar\u0131 (Bal\u0131kesir ve \u00c7anakkale civar\u0131) ve Eratna Devleti (Ankara, Tokat, Sivas civar\u0131).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00f6seda\u011f Sava\u015f\u0131’ndan sonra kurulan beyliklerden hangileri denizcilik faaliyetlerinde bulunmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Ayd\u0131no\u011fullar\u0131, Candaro\u011fullar\u0131, Mente\u015feo\u011fullar\u0131, Saruhano\u011fullar\u0131 ve Karesio\u011fullar\u0131 denizcilik faaliyetlerinde bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00dcRK\u0130STAN\u2019DAN T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019YE T\u00dcRKLERDE DEVLET VE ORDU TE\u015eK\u0130LATLARI<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0130slam \u00d6ncesi ve Sonras\u0131 T\u00fcrk Devletleri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk devlet gelene\u011fi hangi devletle ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve hangileriyle geli\u015fmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> T\u00fcrk devlet gelene\u011fi, Asya Hun Devleti ile ba\u015flay\u0131p G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk, Uygur ve Avrupa Hun devletleri ile geli\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkler hangi sava\u015ftan sonra \u0130slamiyet\u2019i kitleler halinde kabul etmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> T\u00fcrkler, 751 Talas Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 \u0130slamiyet\u2019i kitleler halinde kabul etmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130lk T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam devletleri hangi y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren kurulmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> X. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren ilk T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam devletleri kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam devletleri d\u00f6neminde hangi \u00f6nemli devletler tarih sahnesine \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Bu yeni d\u00f6nemde Karahanl\u0131, Gazneli, B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu ve T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu gibi \u00f6nemli devletler tarih sahnesine \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Asya Hun Devleti (M\u00d6 220 – MS 216)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tarihte bilinen ilk T\u00fcrk devleti hangisidir, kurucusu kimdir ve en parlak d\u00f6nemini kimin zaman\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Tarihte bilinen ilk T\u00fcrk devletidir. Kurucusu Teoman, en parlak d\u00f6nemi Mete Han zaman\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mete Han, \u00c7in’i vergiye ba\u011flamak i\u00e7in hangi askeri sistemi kurmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Mete Han, “onlu sistem” ile kurdu\u011fu orduyla \u00c7in’i vergiye ba\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Asya Hun Devleti’nin y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecini anlat\u0131n\u0131z.<\/strong> Mete Han’dan sonra i\u00e7 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klarla zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6nce Bat\u0131 ve Do\u011fu, sonra Kuzey ve G\u00fcney olarak ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. MS 216’da \u00c7in taraf\u0131ndan tamamen ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avrupa Hun Devleti (375-469)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avrupa Hun Devleti’nin kurucusu kimdir, nerede ve nas\u0131l kurulmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Kurucusu Balamir’dir ve bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Macaristan’da kurulmu\u015ftur. Asya Hun Devleti’nin b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesiyle bat\u0131ya ilerleyen Hunlar taraf\u0131ndan kuruldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avrupa Hun Devleti’nin en parlak d\u00f6nemi hangi h\u00fck\u00fcmdar zaman\u0131d\u0131r ve bu h\u00fck\u00fcmdara Avrupal\u0131lar hangi ismi vermi\u015ftir?<\/strong> En parlak d\u00f6nemi, Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n “Tanr\u0131’n\u0131n K\u0131rbac\u0131” dedi\u011fi Atilla zaman\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Atilla hangi imparatorluklara kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadeleler vermi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Atilla, Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 Roma imparatorluklar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 m\u00fccadeleler vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Atilla’n\u0131n vefat\u0131ndan sonra Avrupa Hun Devleti’ne ne olmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Onun vefat\u0131ndan (453) sonra zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015f ve Hunlar Karadeniz’in kuzeyine \u00e7ekilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk Devleti (552-745)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tarihte T\u00fcrk ad\u0131yla kurulan ilk devletin ad\u0131, merkezi ve kurucusu kimdir?<\/strong> Tarihte T\u00fcrk ad\u0131yla kurulmu\u015f ilk devlettir, merkezi \u00d6t\u00fcken’dir. Kurucusu: Bumin Ka\u011fan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bumin Ka\u011fan ve \u0130stemi Yabgu \u00fclkeyi nas\u0131l y\u00f6netmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Bumin Ka\u011fan \u00fclkenin do\u011fusunu, karde\u015fi \u0130stemi Yabgu bat\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk Devleti’nin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra ne ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f ve II. G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk Devleti’ni kim kurmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> 630’da zay\u0131flay\u0131p y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131nca T\u00fcrkler yakla\u015f\u0131k 50 y\u0131l \u00c7in esaretinde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kutlug Ka\u011fan (\u0130l-teri\u015f), 682’de II. G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk Devleti’ni kurmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

II. G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk Devleti hangi olaydan sonra zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015f ve kimler taraf\u0131ndan y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Bilge Ka\u011fan ve K\u00fcltigin’den sonra devlet eski g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetmi\u015ftir. 745’te Uygurlar, Karluk ve Basmiller taraf\u0131ndan y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uygur Devleti (744-840)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uygur Devleti’nin kurucusu ve ba\u015fkenti nedir?<\/strong> Kurucusu: Kutluk Bilge K\u00fcl Ka\u011fan, Ba\u015fkenti: Karabalgasun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uygurlar hangi h\u00fck\u00fcmdar zaman\u0131nda ve hangi dini kabul ederek yerle\u015fik ya\u015fama ge\u00e7mi\u015flerdir?<\/strong> B\u00f6g\u00fc Ka\u011fan zaman\u0131nda Maniheizm’i kabul ederek yerle\u015fik ya\u015fama ge\u00e7mi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uygur Devleti kimler taraf\u0131ndan y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir?<\/strong> 840’ta K\u0131rg\u0131zlar taraf\u0131ndan y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131nca ikiye ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Turfan Uygurlar\u0131 ve Sar\u0131 Uygurlar olarak varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki Uygurlar nerede ya\u015famaktad\u0131r?<\/strong> G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00c7in’in Sincan Uygur \u00d6zerk B\u00f6lgesi’nde ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Karahanl\u0131 Devleti (840-1212)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkistan’daki ilk M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk devleti hangisidir, kurucusu kimdir ve hangi boylar taraf\u0131ndan kurulmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> T\u00fcrkistan’daki ilk M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk devletidir. Kurucusu: Bilge K\u00fcl Kadir Han. Karluk, Ya\u011fma, \u00c7i\u011fil ve Tuhsi boylar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130slamiyet’i kabul eden ilk Karahanl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 kimdir ve devlet neden ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr?<\/strong> Satuk Bu\u011fra Han, \u0130slamiyet’i kabul eden ilk Karahanl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131d\u0131r. Taht m\u00fccadeleleri nedeniyle 1042’de Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 olarak ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130kiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnen Karahanl\u0131 devletleri kimler taraf\u0131ndan y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Do\u011fu Karahanl\u0131lar Karahitaylar, Bat\u0131 Karahanl\u0131lar ise Harzem\u015fahlar taraf\u0131ndan y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toluno\u011fullar\u0131 (868-905)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u0131s\u0131r’da kurulan ilk M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk devleti hangisidir ve kurucusu kimdir?<\/strong> M\u0131s\u0131r’da kurulan ilk M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk devletidir. Kurucusu: Ahmed bin Tolun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toluno\u011fullar\u0131 devleti nas\u0131l y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Taht kavgalar\u0131 nedeniyle \u00e7\u0131kan i\u00e7 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131 f\u0131rsat bilen Abbasi ordusu devlete son vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ak\u015fitler (\u0130h\u015fidiler) (935-969)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u0131s\u0131r’da hakimiyet kuran ikinci T\u00fcrk devleti hangisidir ve kurucusu kimdir?<\/strong> M\u0131s\u0131r’da hakimiyet kuran ikinci T\u00fcrk devletidir. Kurucusu: Muhammed bin Tu\u011f\u00e7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ak\u015fitler (\u0130h\u015fidiler) d\u00f6neminde T\u00fcrkler ilk kez hangi topraklarda hakimiyet kurmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> T\u00fcrkler bu d\u00f6nemde ilk kez kutsal topraklarda (Hicaz) hakimiyet kurmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ak\u015fitler devleti kimler taraf\u0131ndan y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> 969 y\u0131l\u0131nda F\u00e2t\u0131m\u00eeler taraf\u0131ndan y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gazneli Devleti (963-1187)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gazneli Devleti’nin kurucusu, ba\u015fkenti ve h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc b\u00f6lgeler nerelerdir?<\/strong> Kurucusu Alp Tegin’dir ve ba\u015fkenti Gazne’dir. Horasan, Afganistan ve Kuzey Hindistan’da h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gazneli Mahmud’un Hindistan’a yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 seferlerin amac\u0131 neydi?<\/strong> Gazneli Mahmud, Hindistan’a yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 17 seferle \u0130slamiyet’in yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gazneli Devleti’nin zay\u0131flamas\u0131na neden olan sava\u015f hangisidir ve devlet kimler taraf\u0131ndan y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> 1040’ta Sel\u00e7uklularla yap\u0131lan Dandanakan Sava\u015f\u0131’nda yenilerek zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. 1187’de Gurlular taraf\u0131ndan y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti (1040-1157)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nin kurucular\u0131 kimlerdir ve hangi sava\u015fla resmen kurulmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Kurucular\u0131: Sel\u00e7uk Bey, Tu\u011frul Bey. Kuruldu\u011fu B\u00f6lge: Horasan (\u0130ran). Dandanakan Sava\u015f\u0131 (1040) ile Gaznelilere kar\u015f\u0131 kazan\u0131larak resmen kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nde Anadolu’nun kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrklere a\u00e7an h\u00fck\u00fcmdar kimdir?<\/strong> Alp Arslan, 1071 Malazgirt Zaferi ile Anadolu’nun kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrklere a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 en \u00e7ok geni\u015fleten h\u00fck\u00fcmdar kimdir?<\/strong> Melik\u015fah d\u00f6nemi, devletin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 bat\u0131ya ve do\u011fuya do\u011fru geni\u015fletmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nin zay\u0131flamas\u0131na neden olan olaylar nelerdir ve hangi h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Taht kavgalar\u0131 ve 1141 Katvan Sava\u015f\u0131’ndaki yenilgi devleti zay\u0131flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sultan Sencer’in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra da\u011f\u0131lma s\u00fcrecine girmi\u015f ve y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti (1075-1308)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nin kurucusu kimdir ve ba\u015fkentleri nereleridir?<\/strong> Kurucusu: Kutalm\u0131\u015fo\u011flu S\u00fcleyman \u015eah, Ba\u015fkenti: \u00d6nce \u0130znik, sonra Konya.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu hakimiyetini kesinle\u015ftiren Miryokefalon Sava\u015f\u0131 hangi h\u00fck\u00fcmdar d\u00f6neminde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> II. K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7arslan, Miryokefalon Sava\u015f\u0131’yla (1176) Bizans’\u0131 yenerek Anadolu hakimiyetini kesinle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nin en parlak d\u00f6nemi hangi h\u00fck\u00fcmdar zaman\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong> En parlak d\u00f6nemini I. Al\u00e2eddin Keykubad zaman\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nin da\u011f\u0131lma s\u00fcrecine girmesine neden olan sava\u015f hangisidir?<\/strong> K\u00f6seda\u011f Sava\u015f\u0131’ndaki (1243) Mo\u011fol yenilgisiyle da\u011f\u0131lma s\u00fcrecine girmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Harzem\u015fahlar (1097-1231)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Harzem\u015fahlar devleti nerede kurulmu\u015ftur, en \u00f6nemli h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 kimdir ve hangi sava\u015f sonucunda y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Kurucusu: \u0130l Arslan, Kuruldu\u011fu B\u00f6lge: Harezm. En \u00f6nemli h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131 Celaleddin Harzem\u015fah’t\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131 ile yapt\u0131klar\u0131 Yass\u0131 \u00c7emen Sava\u015f\u0131’nda (1230) yenilince y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eyyubiler (1174-1462)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eyyubiler devletinin kurucusu kimdir ve hangi sava\u015fla Kud\u00fcs’\u00fc fethetmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Kurucusu: Selahaddin Eyyubi, Kuruldu\u011fu B\u00f6lge: M\u0131s\u0131r. H\u0131ttin Muharebesi (1187) ile Ha\u00e7l\u0131lar\u0131 yenilgiye u\u011fratm\u0131\u015f ve Kud\u00fcs’\u00fc fethetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eyyubiler devletine kimler son vermi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Meml\u00fck komutanlar\u0131ndan Aybek, Eyyubi h\u00e2kimiyetine son vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mo\u011fol \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu (Devlet-i \u00c2l-i Cengiz) (1196-1227)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mo\u011fol \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun kurucusu kimdir ve unvan\u0131 nedir?<\/strong> Kurucusu: Cengiz Han (Temu\u00e7in), 1206’da t\u00fcm Mo\u011fol kabilelerinin ka\u011fan\u0131 se\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cengiz Han, imparatorlu\u011fu o\u011fullar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ne zaman payla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Cengiz Han, hayattayken imparatorlu\u011fu d\u00f6rt o\u011flu aras\u0131nda payla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alt\u0131n Orda Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (1241-1502)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alt\u0131n Orda Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nerede kurulmu\u015ftur ve kurucusu kimdir?<\/strong> Kurucusu: Batu Han, Kuruldu\u011fu B\u00f6lge: Karadeniz’in kuzeyi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alt\u0131n Orda Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hangi h\u00fck\u00fcmdar d\u00f6neminde M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Berke Han d\u00f6neminde Alt\u0131n Ordular M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alt\u0131n Orda Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n zay\u0131flamas\u0131 hangi siyasi sonuca yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Toktam\u0131\u015f Han’\u0131n Emir Timur ile m\u00fccadelesi devleti zay\u0131flatm\u0131\u015f ve bu yenilgilerden sonra Moskova Knezli\u011fi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meml\u00fbklar (1250-1517)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meml\u00fckler devleti nerede kurulmu\u015ftur ve hangi sava\u015fla Mo\u011follar\u0131 yenilgiye u\u011fratm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r?<\/strong> Kurucusu: Aybek, Kuruldu\u011fu B\u00f6lge: M\u0131s\u0131r. Aynicalut Sava\u015f\u0131’yla (1260) Mo\u011follar\u0131 yenilgiye u\u011fratm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meml\u00fcklerin \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda n\u00fcfuz sahibi olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan olay nedir?<\/strong> Sultan Baybars, Abbasi halifeli\u011fini M\u0131s\u0131r’da himayesi alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sayede “hilafetin koruyucusu” s\u0131fat\u0131yla \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda n\u00fcfuz sahibi olmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meml\u00fckler devleti kim taraf\u0131ndan y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Yavuz Sultan Selim’in M\u0131s\u0131r Seferi sonucunda 1517’de y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130lhanl\u0131 Devleti (1256-1353)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130lhanl\u0131 Devleti’nin kurucusu kimdir ve nerede kurulmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Kurucusu: H\u00fclagu Han, Kuruldu\u011fu B\u00f6lge: Tebriz (\u0130ran).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130lhanl\u0131lar, Anadolu’da nas\u0131l hakimiyet kurmu\u015flar ve hangi devleti ortadan kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r?<\/strong> K\u00f6seda\u011f Sava\u015f\u0131’yla (1243) T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131n\u0131 yenerek Anadolu’da hakimiyet kurdular. 1258’de Ba\u011fdat’\u0131 alarak Abbasi Devleti’ni ortadan kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130lhanl\u0131lar\u0131n Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu’daki ilerleyi\u015fi hangi sava\u015fla durmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> 1260’ta Meml\u00fcklerle yap\u0131lan Aynicalut Sava\u015f\u0131’nda a\u011f\u0131r bir yenilgi alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu yenilgiyle Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu’daki ilerleyi\u015fleri durmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Osmanl\u0131 Devleti (1299-1922)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’nin kurucusu kimdir, hangi boya mensuptur ve hangi olayla b\u00fcy\u00fck bir d\u00fcnya devleti olmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Kurucusu: Osman Bey, Kuruldu\u011fu B\u00f6lge: S\u00f6\u011f\u00fct ve Domani\u00e7 (Bilecik). O\u011fuzlar\u0131n Kay\u0131 boyuna mensup bir u\u00e7 beyli\u011fi olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. XV. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u0130stanbul’u fethederek b\u00fcy\u00fck bir d\u00fcnya devleti olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Timurlular (1370-1507)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Timurlular Devleti’nin kurucusu kimdir ve Osmanl\u0131 Devleti ile yapt\u0131klar\u0131 en \u00f6nemli sava\u015f hangisidir?<\/strong> Kurucusu: Emir Timur, Kuruldu\u011fu B\u00f6lge: Mavera\u00fcnnehir. 1402 Ankara sava\u015f\u0131nda Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Bayezid\u2019i yenmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e2b\u00fcrl\u00fcler (1526-1858)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e2b\u00fcrl\u00fcler Devleti nerede kurulmu\u015ftur ve tarihte b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131 en \u00f6nemli eserler nelerdir?<\/strong> Kurucusu: B\u00e2b\u00fcr \u015eah, Kuruldu\u011fu B\u00f6lge: Kuzey Hindistan. Tarihte Tac Mahal gibi mimari eserlerle ve B\u00e2b\u00fcrname ile tan\u0131n\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n Me\u015fruiyet Kayna\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130slam \u00f6ncesi T\u00fcrk devletlerinde h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n me\u015fruiyet kayna\u011f\u0131 neye dayan\u0131rd\u0131 ve “kut” anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 nedir?<\/strong> \u0130slam \u00f6ncesi T\u00fcrk devletlerinde h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n me\u015fruiyet kayna\u011f\u0131 kut anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na dayan\u0131rd\u0131. Kut, y\u00f6netme yetkisinin G\u00f6k Tanr\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan verildi\u011fi inanc\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130slamiyet’in kabul\u00fcyle “kut” anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 nas\u0131l bir de\u011fi\u015fim g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir?<\/strong> \u0130slamiyet\u2019in kabul\u00fcyle bu anlay\u0131\u015f, h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n \u201czillullah fi’l-arz\u201d yani \u201cAllah\u2019\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki g\u00f6lgesi\u201d olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi \u015feklinde devam etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f6re\u2019den \u015eeri Hukuka Ge\u00e7i\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130slam \u00f6ncesi T\u00fcrk devletlerinde ka\u011fan\u0131n yetkileri ne ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131yd\u0131?<\/strong> \u0130lk T\u00fcrk devletlerinde ka\u011fan\u0131n yetkileri t\u00f6re (yaz\u0131s\u0131z hukuk kurallar\u0131) ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130slamiyet’e ge\u00e7i\u015fle birlikte devlet y\u00f6netiminde hukuki olarak hangi kurallar uygulanmaya ba\u015fland\u0131?<\/strong> \u0130slamiyet\u2019le birlikte devlet y\u00f6netiminde t\u00f6renin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra dine dayal\u0131 \u015feri kurallar da uygulanmaya ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk Cihan H\u00e2kimiyeti ve Cihat Anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrklerin \u0130slamiyet’i kabul\u00fcyle “cihan devleti kurma” \u00fclk\u00fcs\u00fc hangi hedefle birle\u015fmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> T\u00fcrklerin \u201ccihan devleti kurma\u201d \u00fclk\u00fcs\u00fc, \u0130slam\u2019daki \u201ci’l\u00e2-y\u0131 kelimetullah\u201d (Allah\u2019\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcceltme) hedefiyle birle\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrklerin “nizam-\u0131 \u00e2lem” sorumlulu\u011fu ne anlama gelmektedir?<\/strong> T\u00fcrkler, d\u00fcnyada adaleti ve d\u00fczeni sa\u011flama hedefi olan \u201cnizam-\u0131 \u00e2lem\u201d sorumlulu\u011funu \u00fcstlendi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130slamiyet\u2019in Kabul\u00fcnden \u00d6nceki D\u00f6nemde H\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131k Alametleri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130slamiyet\u2019in kabul\u00fcnden \u00f6nceki d\u00f6nemde h\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131k alametleri nelerdi?<\/strong> Para, Nevbet (davul), Taht-Ta\u00e7, Ok-Yay, Tu\u011f, Bayrak-Sancak, Ota\u011f (saltanat \u00e7ad\u0131r\u0131)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130slamiyet\u2019in Kabul\u00fcnden Sonraki H\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131k Alametleri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130slamiyet\u2019in kabul\u00fcnden sonraki h\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131k alametleri nelerdi?<\/strong> Saray, \u00c7etr, T\u0131r\u00e2z-Hilat, Tevki-Tu\u011fra, Hutbe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130lk T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam Devletleri: Karahanl\u0131lar ve Gazneliler<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam devlet gelene\u011fi hangi devletle ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam devlet gelene\u011fi Karahanl\u0131 Devleti ile ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131n \u0130slami isimler almas\u0131na bir \u00f6rnek veriniz.<\/strong> Abd\u00fclkerim (Satuk Bu\u011fra Han).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abbasi halifelerinin T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki rol\u00fc neydi?<\/strong> Abbasi halifeleri, h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlara unvanlar vererek onlar\u0131n saltanat\u0131n\u0131 onaylard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Sultan” unvan\u0131 ilk kez hangi devlet d\u00f6neminde kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Sultan unvan\u0131 ilk kez Gazneliler d\u00f6neminde kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Devlet Y\u00f6netimi: Kurultay\u2019dan Divan\u2019a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130slamiyet’e ge\u00e7i\u015fle birlikte “kurultay”\u0131n yerini hangi te\u015fkilat alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> \u0130slam \u00f6ncesindeki siyasi, askeri ve hukuki kararlar\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurultay, yerini divan te\u015fkilat\u0131na b\u0131rakt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En \u00f6nemli karar organ\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 neydi?<\/strong> En \u00f6nemli karar organ\u0131 Divan-\u0131 A’l\u00e2 (B\u00fcy\u00fck Divan) idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Divan’a Karahanl\u0131lar ve Gazneliler ne isim verirdi?<\/strong> B\u00fcy\u00fck divana Karahanl\u0131larda Meclis-i \u00c2l\u00ee, Gaznelilerde Divan-\u0131 Vezaret denirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Divan’\u0131 Karahanl\u0131larda ve Gaznelilerde kimler y\u00f6netirdi?<\/strong> Karahanl\u0131larda divan\u0131 yu\u011fru\u015f (vezir), Gaznelilerde ise h\u00e2ce-i buzurg (ba\u015fvezir) y\u00f6netirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Devlet Te\u015fkilat\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nde h\u00fck\u00fcmdara ne denirdi ve devletin ana birimleri nelerdi?<\/strong> H\u00fck\u00fcmdar (es-Sultan\u00fc’l-Az\u00e2m \/ B\u00fcy\u00fck Sultan): Devletin ba\u015f\u0131d\u0131r ve t\u00fcm te\u015fkilat ona ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Saray\u2019da ya\u015fard\u0131 (B\u00e2rg\u00e2h). Ana birimler \u015funlard\u0131r: Saray, Merkez Te\u015fkilat\u0131, Ta\u015fra, Adalet, Ordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Saray G\u00f6revlileri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu saray\u0131ndaki en yetkili g\u00f6revli olan H\u00e2cib\u00fc’l-H\u00fccc\u00e2b’\u0131n g\u00f6revini a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z.<\/strong> Sarayda h\u00fck\u00fcmdardan, devlet te\u015frifat\u0131ndan ise h\u00fck\u00fcmdar ve vezirden sonraki en yetkili ki\u015fi; sarayda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan b\u00fct\u00fcn h\u00e2ciblerin ba\u015f\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e2cib’in g\u00f6revi nedir?<\/strong> H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n halkla ve devlet adamlar\u0131yla irtibat\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan g\u00f6revli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Emir-i Candar ve Emir-i Silah’\u0131n g\u00f6revleri nelerdir?<\/strong> Emir-i Candar: Saray muhaf\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n idaresinden sorumlu g\u00f6revli. Emir-i Silah: Saraydaki silahlardan sorumlu g\u00f6revli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Emir-i \u015eik\u00e2r ve Emir-i Alem’in g\u00f6revleri nelerdir?<\/strong> Emir-i \u015eik\u00e2r: Av merasimlerinin d\u00fczeninden sorumlu g\u00f6revli. Emir-i Alem: Sancak ta\u015f\u0131makla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc g\u00f6revli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Emir-i Ahur ve Emir-i \u00c7e\u015fnigir’in g\u00f6revleri nelerdir?<\/strong> Emir-i Ahur: Saray ah\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n bak\u0131m\u0131ndan sorumlu g\u00f6revli. Emir-i \u00c7e\u015fnigir: H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n sofras\u0131n\u0131 denetleyen ve yemeklerin tad\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yapan g\u00f6revli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130di\u015f\u00e7iba\u015f\u0131, C\u00e2medar ve Hansal\u00e2r’\u0131n g\u00f6revleri nelerdir?<\/strong> \u0130di\u015f\u00e7iba\u015f\u0131: Saraydaki me\u015frubatlar\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131ndan ve takdiminden sorumlu g\u00f6revli. C\u00e2medar: H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n giyim ku\u015fam\u0131ndan sorumlu g\u00f6revli. Hansal\u00e2r (A\u015f\u00e7\u0131ba\u015f\u0131): Saray mutfa\u011f\u0131ndan sorumlu g\u00f6revli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti: Merkez Te\u015fkilat\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nde merkez te\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n en \u00fcst y\u00f6netim organ\u0131 nedir ve ba\u015f\u0131nda kim bulunur?<\/strong> Divan-\u0131 A’l\u00e2 (B\u00fcy\u00fck Divan): Devletin en \u00fcst y\u00f6netim organ\u0131yd\u0131 ve ba\u015f\u0131nda Sahib-i Divan-\u0131 Vez\u00e2ret (Vezir) (Sahib-i \u00c2’z\u00e2m) bulunurdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Divan-\u0131 Tu\u011frai (\u0130n\u015fa) ve Divan-\u0131 \u0130stifa’n\u0131n g\u00f6revleri nelerdir?<\/strong> Divan-\u0131 Tu\u011frai (\u0130n\u015fa): \u0130\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f yaz\u0131\u015fmalardan sorumluydu. Divan-\u0131 \u0130stifa: Mali i\u015flerle ilgilenirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Divan-\u0131 Arz (Cey\u015f) ve Divan-\u0131 \u0130\u015fr\u00e2f’\u0131n g\u00f6revleri nelerdir?<\/strong> Divan-\u0131 Arz (Cey\u015f): Askeri i\u015flerden sorumluydu. Divan-\u0131 \u0130\u015fr\u00e2f: \u0130dari ve mali i\u015fleri denetlerdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti: Ta\u015fra ve Adalet<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu ta\u015fra y\u00f6netiminde Melik, Atabey ve \u015e\u0131hne’nin g\u00f6revleri nelerdi?<\/strong> Melik (\u015eehzade): H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n erkek \u00e7ocu\u011fu, eyaletleri y\u00f6netirdi. Atabey: Meliklerin hocas\u0131 ve rehberiydi. \u015e\u0131hne\/\u015eahne: Askeri vali olarak g\u00f6rev yapard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu adalet sisteminde \u015feri ve \u00f6rfi hukuktan sorumlu olan g\u00f6revliler kimlerdi?<\/strong> K\u00e2d\u0131\u00fclkud\u00e2t (Ba\u015fk\u00e2d\u0131): \u015eeri hukuktan sorumluydu. Emir-i D\u00e2d: \u00d6rfi hukuka bakard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Veraset Sistemi ve Taht Kavgalar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam devletlerindeki veraset sistemi nas\u0131ld\u0131?<\/strong> T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam devletlerinde de \u00fclke, hanedan\u0131n ortak mal\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Veraset sistemindeki belirsizli\u011fin temel nedeni ve olumsuz sonucu ne oluyordu?<\/strong> Kut inanc\u0131 gere\u011fi hanedan\u0131n t\u00fcm erkek \u00fcyeleri tahtta hak iddia edebilirdi. Bu belirsizlik, s\u0131k s\u0131k taht kavgalar\u0131na ve devletin zay\u0131flamas\u0131na neden oluyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti\u2019ndeki Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131, B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklulardan farkl\u0131 olarak hangi unvanlar\u0131 kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r?<\/strong> H\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar sultan\u00fc’l-berr ve’l-bahr (karalar\u0131n ve denizlerin sultan\u0131) gibi yeni unvanlar kulland\u0131lar. Ayr\u0131ca Fars\u00e7adan gelen keykubad, keyh\u00fcsrev, keykavus gibi unvanlar da kullan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nde Naib-i Saltanat’\u0131n g\u00f6revi neydi?<\/strong> Sultan sefere \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda veya hasta oldu\u011funda ona Naib-i Saltanat vek\u00e2let ederdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nde “Pervane” ad\u0131 verilen g\u00f6revlilerin i\u015fi neydi?<\/strong> Pervane ad\u0131 verilen g\u00f6revliler, ikta arazilerinin kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 tutard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam Devletlerinde Ordu Yap\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam devletlerinde ordular hangi sisteme g\u00f6re d\u00fczenlenmi\u015fti?<\/strong> Ordular, Asya Hun H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 Mete Han taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulan onlu sisteme g\u00f6re d\u00fczenlenmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Gulam Sistemi” nedir?<\/strong> Sarayda \u00f6zel olarak yeti\u015ftirilen askerlerden olu\u015fan birliklerdi. Bu askerler maa\u015fl\u0131yd\u0131 ve h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 korurdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Ordusu ve \u0130kta Sistemi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130kta Sistemi’ni a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z.<\/strong> \u00dclke topraklar\u0131 devlete aitti. \u0130kta sahipleri, kendilerine verilen topraklar\u0131n gelirleriyle asker beslemek ve b\u00f6lgenin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak zorundayd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130kta sisteminin devlete sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 en b\u00fcy\u00fck fayda neydi?<\/strong> Bu sistem sayesinde devlet, hazineden para harcamadan sava\u015fa haz\u0131r b\u00fcy\u00fck bir orduya sahip olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu Ordusu ve Donanma<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu ordusunda ba\u015fkomutana ne ad verilirdi?<\/strong> Ordunun ba\u015fkomutan\u0131na Beylerbeyi veya Emir\u00fc’l-\u00dcmer\u00e2 denirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu ordusunda ordu komutanlar\u0131 hangi unvan\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131rd\u0131?<\/strong> Ordu komutanlar\u0131 Suba\u015f\u0131 unvan\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131nda donanma komutanlar\u0131na hangi unvanlar verilirdi?<\/strong> Donanma komutanlar\u0131na Reis\u00fc’l-Bahr (Denizin Reisi) veya Melik\u00fc’s-Sevahiller (Sahillerin Meliki) denirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00dcRKLERDE SOSYOEKONOM\u0130K HAYAT VE \u015eEH\u0130RLE\u015eME<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklu Toplum Yap\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklu toplumu, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc sosyoekonomik sistemini hangi unsurlar\u0131 birle\u015ftirerek kurmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Sel\u00e7uklu toplumu, T\u00fcrkistan’daki geleneklerini \u0130slamiyet ve fethedilen yerlerdeki k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerle birle\u015ftirerek g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir sosyoekonomik sistem kurmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklu toplumu temel olarak hangi iki s\u0131n\u0131fa ayr\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131?<\/strong> Toplum temel olarak ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131: Y\u00f6netenler (askerler, idareciler) ve y\u00f6netilenler (halk).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklu toplumunun ve devletinin temelini hangi kurum olu\u015ftururdu?<\/strong> Toplumun ve devletin temelini aile kurumu olu\u015ftururdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklu kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel hayattaki yeri nas\u0131ld\u0131?<\/strong> Sel\u00e7uklu kad\u0131nlar\u0131 sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel hayat\u0131n aktif bir par\u00e7as\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sosyal ve K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Ya\u015fam<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklu halk\u0131 hangi bayramlar\u0131 co\u015fkuyla kutlard\u0131?<\/strong> Halk, din\u00ee bayramlar\u0131 ve bahar\u0131n geli\u015fi olan Nevruz Bayram\u0131’n\u0131 co\u015fkuyla kutlard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bayramlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir kutlama sebebi neydi?<\/strong> H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n tahta \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 da \u00f6nemli bir kutlama sebebiydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklularda yayg\u0131n olan sportif faaliyetler nelerdi?<\/strong> Avc\u0131l\u0131k, at\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k, at binicili\u011fi, g\u00fcre\u015f ve cirit gibi sportif faaliyetler yayg\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7evgen (\u00e7evg\u00e2n, \u00e7\u00f6gen) oyunu nas\u0131l oynan\u0131rd\u0131?<\/strong> \u00c7evgen (\u00e7evg\u00e2n, \u00e7\u00f6gen), at \u00fcst\u00fcndeki iki grubun d\u00f6rt k\u00f6\u015fe bir sahada de\u011fneklerle oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir oyundur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toplumsal Tabakala\u015fma<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklu toplumu yerle\u015fim durumuna g\u00f6re nas\u0131l ayr\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131?<\/strong> Sel\u00e7uklu toplumu yerle\u015fim durumuna g\u00f6re \u00fc\u00e7e ayr\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131: \u015eehirliler, k\u00f6yl\u00fcler ve konarg\u00f6\u00e7erler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklularda temel ge\u00e7im kaynaklar\u0131 nelerdi?<\/strong> Ge\u00e7im kaynaklar\u0131 temel olarak tar\u0131m, hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k, ticaret ve zanaat idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Halk\u0131n devlete kar\u015f\u0131 temel y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc neydi?<\/strong> Halk, devlete d\u00fczenli olarak vergi \u00f6demekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcyd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklu toplumunda t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n konumu nas\u0131ld\u0131?<\/strong> T\u00fcccarlar, toplumda b\u00fcy\u00fck sayg\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr ve ticari dokunulmazl\u0131\u011fa sahip olurlard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklularda Toprak Sistemi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nde tar\u0131m arazileri ve ormanlar\u0131n m\u00fclkiyeti kime aitti ve topraklar ka\u00e7a ayr\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131?<\/strong> Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti’nde tar\u0131m arazileri ve ormanlar devlete aitti. Topraklar kullan\u0131m amac\u0131na g\u00f6re be\u015fe ayr\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Has Arazi nedir?<\/strong> Geliri do\u011frudan h\u00fck\u00fcmdara ait olan topraklard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130kta Arazi nedir?<\/strong> Maa\u015f veya hizmet kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 devlet adamlar\u0131na ve komutanlara verilen topraklard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6\u015fri Arazi nedir?<\/strong> M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara ait olan ve vergisi al\u0131nan topraklard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haraci Arazi nedir?<\/strong> Gayrim\u00fcslimlere ait olan ve hara\u00e7 vergisi al\u0131nan topraklard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vak\u0131f Arazi nedir?<\/strong> Geliri hay\u0131r i\u015flerine (cami, medrese, hastane) ayr\u0131lan topraklard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yerle\u015fme ve \u015eehirle\u015fme Anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkistan’daki \u015fehirlerin mimari \u00f6zelli\u011fi neydi?<\/strong> T\u00fcrkistan’daki \u015fehirler, Orta \u00c7a\u011f Avrupa’s\u0131ndaki gibi kaleler ve surlarla \u00e7evriliydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Karahanl\u0131lar D\u00f6nemi’nde hangi t\u00fcr mimari eserler yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Karahanl\u0131lar D\u00f6nemi’nde medrese, t\u00fcrbe, k\u00f6pr\u00fc, kervansaray gibi pek \u00e7ok mimari eser yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gazneliler zaman\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle Sultan Mahmud d\u00f6neminde hangi yap\u0131lar in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Gazneliler zaman\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle Sultan Mahmud d\u00f6neminde yeni saraylar, \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131lar ve su yollar\u0131 in\u015fa edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1040 Dandanakan Zaferi’nin g\u00f6\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sonucu ne olmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> 1040 Dandanakan Zaferi sonras\u0131 T\u00fcrkler, Horasan b\u00f6lgesine g\u00f6\u00e7 ederek yeni yurtlar edindi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu’nun T\u00fcrkle\u015fmesi ve \u0130mar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1071 Malazgirt Zaferi’nden sonra Anadolu’nun T\u00fcrkle\u015fmesini kimler sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> 1071 Malazgirt Zaferi’nden sonra Anadolu’ya gelen T\u00fcrkmenler, yerle\u015ftikleri b\u00f6lgelerin T\u00fcrkle\u015fmesini sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Konya, Alanya, Aksaray gibi \u015fehirler fethedildikten sonra nas\u0131l bir imar faaliyetine tabi tutulmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Konya, Alanya, Aksaray gibi \u015fehirler fethedildikten sonra T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam geleneklerine g\u00f6re yeniden imar edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu’ya gelen T\u00fcrk n\u00fcfusu hangi ekonomik faaliyetlerine g\u00f6re nerelere yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131kla u\u011fra\u015fan konarg\u00f6\u00e7erler geni\u015f otlaklara, zanaat ve ticaretle u\u011fra\u015fanlar ise \u015fehirlere yerle\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130sfahan ve \u015eehir K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130sfahan \u015fehri hangi h\u00fck\u00fcmdar d\u00f6neminde ba\u015fkent yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> \u0130sfahan \u015fehri, Sultan Melik\u015fah D\u00f6nemi’nde ba\u015fkent yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130sfahan’daki Cuma Camisi hangi \u015fehircilik geleneklerinin izlerini ta\u015f\u0131r?<\/strong> Buradaki en \u00f6nemli eserlerden olan Cuma Camisi, \u0130ran ve T\u00fcrk \u015fehircilik gelene\u011finin izlerini ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklu \u015fehirlerinde M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n ve gayrim\u00fcslimlerin sosyal ve ticari ya\u015fam\u0131 nas\u0131ld\u0131?<\/strong> \u015eehirlerde M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar ve gayrim\u00fcslimler genellikle farkl\u0131 mahallelerde ya\u015far ama ayn\u0131 \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131 ve pazarlar\u0131 kullan\u0131rlard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklu \u015fehirlerinde mahalle k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc neye g\u00f6re \u015fekillenmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Mahalle k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc; din\u00ee, etnik ve mesleki farkl\u0131l\u0131klara g\u00f6re \u015fekillenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ticaretin Geli\u015ftirilmesi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklular uluslararas\u0131 ticaret yollar\u0131n\u0131 neden canland\u0131rmak istemi\u015flerdir?<\/strong> Sel\u00e7uklular, g\u00fcvenlik sorunlar\u0131 nedeniyle i\u015flevini yitiren uluslararas\u0131 ticaret yollar\u0131n\u0131 canland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00f6nlemler ald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklular ticareti geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in mimari alanda hangi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Ticaret yollar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki konaklama yerleri (kervansaraylar) tamir edildi, yeni k\u00f6pr\u00fcler yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcccarlar\u0131n faaliyetlerini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in hangi ekonomik \u00f6nlem al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> T\u00fcccarlar\u0131n faaliyetlerini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in vergi indirimleri sa\u011fland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklularda kurulan uluslararas\u0131 fuara bir \u00f6rnek veriniz.<\/strong> Kayseri yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki uluslararas\u0131 bir fuar olan Yabanlu Panay\u0131r\u0131 gibi ticari merkezler olu\u015fturuldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ahilik Te\u015fkilat\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ahilik te\u015fkilat\u0131 nedir?<\/strong> Ahilik, Anadolu’daki sosyoekonomik hayat\u0131n geli\u015fmesinde \u00f6nemli rol oynayan bir esnaf ve zanaatk\u00e2r te\u015fkilat\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ahilik te\u015fkilat\u0131 kurulurken hangi te\u015fkilat \u00f6rnek al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Abbasilerdeki F\u00fct\u00fcvvet te\u015fkilat\u0131 \u00f6rnek al\u0131narak kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ahilik te\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n kurucusu kim olarak kabul edilir?<\/strong> Kurucusu, T\u00fcrkistan’dan Anadolu’ya gelen Ahi Evran olarak kabul edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ahilik te\u015fkilat\u0131 Mo\u011fol istilas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda hangi \u00f6nemli rol\u00fc \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Mo\u011fol istilas\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 karga\u015fa ortam\u0131nda, esnaf aras\u0131nda birli\u011fi ve dayan\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ahili\u011fin Ama\u00e7lar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ahilik te\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n temel ama\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/strong> Anadolu’ya yeni gelen esnaf ve zanaatk\u00e2rlara i\u015f bulmak. Yerli (Do\u011fu Romal\u0131) zanaatk\u00e2rlarla rekabet edebilmek. \u00dcretilen mallar\u0131n kalitesini denetlemek ve standart getirmek (kalite kontrol\u00fc). Esnaf ahlak\u0131n\u0131 (do\u011fruluk, d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck, m\u00fc\u015fteri hakk\u0131) i\u015f hayat\u0131na yerle\u015ftirmek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklularda Para ve Ekonomi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklular hangi \u015fehirlerde para basm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r?<\/strong> Sel\u00e7uklular Konya, Sivas, Erzincan gibi \u015fehirlerde kendi paralar\u0131n\u0131 bas\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bak\u0131r sikke (mang\u0131r) ilk kez hangi sultan zaman\u0131nda bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Bak\u0131r sikke (mang\u0131r) ilk kez Sultan I. R\u00fckneddin Mesud zaman\u0131nda bas\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f sikke (dirhem) hangi sultan taraf\u0131ndan bast\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f sikke (dirhem) ise Sultan II. K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7arslan taraf\u0131ndan bast\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel\u00e7uklular kendi paralar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fka paralar\u0131 da kullanm\u0131\u015flar m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong> Alt\u0131n sikkenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, ticaret yap\u0131lan di\u011fer \u00fclkelerin paralar\u0131 da kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00dcRK-\u0130SLAM MEDEN\u0130YET\u0130NDE B\u0130L\u0130M, K\u00dcLT\u00dcR, E\u011e\u0130T\u0130M VE SANAT<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

T\u0130KA ve Faaliyetleri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi ve Koordinasyon Ajans\u0131 (T\u0130KA) ne zaman kurulmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> T\u00fcrk \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi ve Koordinasyon Ajans\u0131 (T\u0130KA), 1992 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0130KA’n\u0131n amac\u0131 nedir?<\/strong> Amac\u0131, \u00fclkelerin kalk\u0131nma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini desteklemek ve ortak tarihi miras\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 korumakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0130KA’n\u0131n faaliyet alan\u0131 ne kadar geni\u015ftir?<\/strong> 5 k\u0131tada yakla\u015f\u0131k 150 \u00fclkede faaliyet g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0130KA hangi alanlarda proje ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> E\u011fitim, tar\u0131m, sa\u011fl\u0131k ve restorasyon gibi alanlarda 30 binden fazla proje ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yunus Emre Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yunus Emre Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ne zaman faaliyete ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Yunus Emre Vakf\u0131 b\u00fcnyesinde 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda faaliyete ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yunus Emre Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc’n\u00fcn temel amac\u0131 nedir?<\/strong> Temel amac\u0131, T\u00fcrk dilini, tarihini, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ve sanat\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya tan\u0131tmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yunus Emre Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc’n\u00fcn yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131 te\u015fkilatlanmas\u0131 nas\u0131ld\u0131r?<\/strong> Yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda 80’den fazla k\u00fclt\u00fcr merkezi bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yunus Emre Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc’n\u00fcn k\u00fclt\u00fcrel diplomasi hedefi nedir?<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye’nin di\u011fer \u00fclkelerle k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 ve dostlu\u011funu g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmeyi hedefler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam Medeniyetinde Bilimsel Geli\u015fmeler<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda bilimsel ilerleme hangi y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> IX. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda bilimsel alanda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ilerleme ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkler, din\u00ee ilimler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hangi alanlarda \u00f6nemli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> T\u00fcrkler, din\u00ee ilimlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra matematik, astronomi, fizik, kimya gibi alanlarda \u00f6nemli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam devletlerinin y\u00f6neticilerinin bilime kar\u015f\u0131 tutumu nas\u0131ld\u0131?<\/strong> Karahanl\u0131lar, Gazneliler ve B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklular gibi devletlerin y\u00f6neticileri, bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 desteklemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam bilimsel gelene\u011fi Malazgirt Sava\u015f\u0131’ndan sonra Anadolu’da devam etmi\u015f midir?<\/strong> Bu bilimsel gelenek, Malazgirt Sava\u015f\u0131’ndan sonra Anadolu’da kurulan beylikler ve T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti d\u00f6neminde de devam etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam Medeniyetinde E\u011fitim Kurumlar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti d\u00f6neminde kurulan ve sonraki medreselere model olan e\u011fitim kurumu hangisidir?<\/strong> B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti d\u00f6neminde Ba\u011fdat’ta kurulan Nizamiye Medreseleri, sonraki medreselere model olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam medeniyetinde e\u011fitim hangi kurumlarda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr?<\/strong> E\u011fitim; k\u00fcttaplar (s\u0131byan mektepleri), medreseler, rasathaneler (g\u00f6zlemevi), dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fifalar (hastaneler) ve k\u00fct\u00fcphaneler gibi kurumlarda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam medeniyetinde mesleki e\u011fitimde hangi te\u015fkilat \u00f6nemli bir rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Mesleki e\u011fitimde ise Ahilik te\u015fkilat\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orta \u00c7a\u011f Avrupas\u0131’nda E\u011fitim ve Bilim<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orta \u00c7a\u011f Avrupas\u0131’nda hangi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce egemendi ve bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar kimin denetimindeydi?<\/strong> Avrupa’da skolastik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce egemendi ve bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar Katolik Kilisesi’nin denetimindeydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orta \u00c7a\u011f Avrupas\u0131’nda e\u011fitim nerede veriliyordu?<\/strong> E\u011fitim, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde rahiplerin g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katedral ve manast\u0131r okullar\u0131nda veriliyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orta \u00c7a\u011f Avrupas\u0131’nda e\u011fitim dili neydi ve okuma yazma oran\u0131 nas\u0131ld\u0131?<\/strong> E\u011fitim dili Latinceydi ve halk aras\u0131nda okuma yazma oran\u0131 \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orta \u00c7a\u011f Avrupas\u0131’nda bilimsel geli\u015fmelerin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck engel neydi?<\/strong> Kilisenin \u00f6\u011fretileri, bilimsel geli\u015fmelerin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck engel olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avrupa’da Bilimsel Canlanma ve \u00dcniversiteler<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avrupal\u0131lar, \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n bilimsel birikimine hangi olaydan sonra ilgi duymaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferleri (XI-XIII. y\u00fczy\u0131llar) sonras\u0131nda Avrupal\u0131lar, \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n bilimsel birikimine ilgi duymaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n bilimsel eserleri hangi merkezler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Avrupa’ya aktar\u0131ld\u0131?<\/strong> M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlardan geri al\u0131nan Tuleytula (Toledo), Sicilya ve G\u0131rnata (Granada) gibi bilim merkezlerindeki eserler Avrupa’ya aktar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avrupa’da kurulan ilk \u00fcniversiteler hangileridir?<\/strong> Bat\u0131’n\u0131n ilk \u00fcniversitesi olan Bologna \u00dcniversitesi’nin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Oxford, Cambridge ve Paris gibi \u00fcniversiteler kuruldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avrupa’daki bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara hangi kurumlar \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Bu \u00fcniversiteler, Avrupa’daki bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biruni (973-1051)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biruni hangi alanlarda eserler vermi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Astronomi, matematik, co\u011frafya, tarih gibi bir\u00e7ok alanda eserler vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biruni hangi h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n himayesinde \u00f6nemli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Gazneli Mahmud’un himayesinde \u00f6nemli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biruni, iki yer aras\u0131ndaki boylam fark\u0131n\u0131 hesaplamak i\u00e7in hangi y\u00f6ntemi kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> \u0130ki yer aras\u0131ndaki boylam fark\u0131n\u0131 hesaplamak i\u00e7in ay tutulmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biruni’nin \u00e7e\u015fitli bilimsel konular\u0131 i\u00e7eren eserinin ad\u0131 nedir?<\/strong> “Kit\u00e2b\u00fc’t Tefh\u00eem” adl\u0131 eseri, \u00e7e\u015fitli bilimsel konular\u0131 i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130bn Nefis (1213-1288)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130bn Nefis kimdir?<\/strong> XIII. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n en \u00f6nemli hekimlerindendir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130bn Nefis’in t\u0131p tarihindeki en \u00f6nemli bulu\u015fu nedir?<\/strong> Tarihte ilk defa k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130bn Nefis, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlarken hangi bilim insan\u0131n\u0131n hatal\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fczeltmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Galen’in kan\u0131n kalbin sa\u011f ve sol kar\u0131nc\u0131klar\u0131 aras\u0131nda do\u011frudan ge\u00e7ti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki hatal\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fczeltmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130bn Nefis’in bulu\u015funun Avrupa’daki yans\u0131mas\u0131 nas\u0131l olmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Onun bu bulu\u015fu, kendisinden y\u00fczy\u0131llar sonra Avrupal\u0131 bilim insanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yeniden ke\u015ffedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam Sanat\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6zellikleri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam sanat\u0131 hangi k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerin bir sentezidir?<\/strong> \u0130slamiyet \u00f6ncesi T\u00fcrk gelenekleri ile \u0130slam, Bizans, \u0130ran ve Akdeniz k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinin bir sentezidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam sanat\u0131nda hangi alanlar geli\u015fmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Ta\u015f i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fi, \u00e7ini, ah\u015fap ve maden sanat\u0131 geli\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba\u015fl\u0131ca T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam mimari eser t\u00fcrleri nelerdir?<\/strong> Mimari eserler aras\u0131nda cami, medrese, han, kervansaray, k\u00fcmbet ve \u015fifahane bulunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fcmbet nedir ve hangi gelene\u011fin mimariye yans\u0131mas\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong> An\u0131t mezar \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yan k\u00fcmbetler, \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ilk kez T\u00fcrkler taraf\u0131ndan in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir ve \u00e7ad\u0131r gelene\u011finin mimariye yans\u0131mas\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Divri\u011fi Ulu Cami ve Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fifas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Divri\u011fi Ulu Cami ve Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fifas\u0131 ne zaman ve hangi beylik taraf\u0131ndan in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam mimarisinin ba\u015fyap\u0131tlar\u0131ndan biri olan Divri\u011fi Ulu Cami ve Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fifas\u0131, 1228-1229 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Meng\u00fccekliler taraf\u0131ndan in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Divri\u011fi Ulu Cami ve Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fifas\u0131 hangi b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerden olu\u015fan bir k\u00fclliyedir?<\/strong> Bu yap\u0131; cami, dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fifa ve t\u00fcrbeden olu\u015fan bir k\u00fclliye \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Divri\u011fi K\u00fclliyesi’nin en belirgin mimari \u00f6zelli\u011fi nedir?<\/strong> Anadolu\u2019daki geleneksel ta\u015f i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011finin en g\u00fczel \u00f6rneklerinin g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu k\u00fclliyede d\u00f6rt adet ta\u00e7 kap\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orta \u00c7a\u011f Avrupa Sanat\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orta \u00c7a\u011f Avrupa sanat\u0131nda hangi kurumun etkisi vard\u0131?<\/strong> Sanat, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde Katolik Kilisesi’nin etkisi alt\u0131ndayd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orta \u00c7a\u011f Avrupa mimarisine hakim olan sanat \u00fcsluplar\u0131 hangileridir?<\/strong> Romanesk (IX-XII. y\u00fczy\u0131llar) ve Gotik (XII-XVI. y\u00fczy\u0131llar) sanat \u00fcsluplar\u0131 mimariye hakim olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orta \u00c7a\u011f Avrupa sanat\u0131 eserlerinde genellikle hangi konular tasvir edilmi\u015ftir?<\/strong> Eserlerde genellikle \u0130ncil ve Tevrat’ta anlat\u0131lan olaylar tasvir edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orta \u00c7a\u011f Avrupa sanat\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan teknikler nelerdir?<\/strong> Fresk (duvar resmi), heykel ve vitray (renkli cam sanat\u0131) yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu’da Tasavvuf D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tasavvuf nedir?<\/strong> Tasavvuf, insan\u0131n ahlaki olarak olgunla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 hedefleyen bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce sistemidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hangi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fcn \u00f6\u011fretileri Horasan erenleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Anadolu’ya ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Hoca Ahmed Yesevi (?-1166) ‘nin \u00f6\u011fretileri, Horasan erenleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Anadolu’ya ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tasavvuf d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi, Mo\u011fol istilas\u0131 gibi zorlu d\u00f6nemlerde halk \u00fczerinde nas\u0131l bir etki yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Mo\u011fol istilas\u0131 gibi zorlu d\u00f6nemlerde halka manevi bir g\u00fc\u00e7 ve umut vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tasavvuf d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin temel insani yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 nedir?<\/strong> Dil, din, \u0131rk ayr\u0131m\u0131 yapmadan b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar\u0131 kucaklayan bir anlay\u0131\u015fa sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu’nun Manevi \u00d6nderleri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mevlana Celaleddin Rumi’nin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi ve en \u00f6nemli eseri nedir?<\/strong> Eserlerinde insan sevgisi ve ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcy\u00fc i\u015flemi\u015f, Mesnevi en \u00f6nemli eseridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hac\u0131 Bekta\u015f Veli kimdir ve en \u00f6nemli eseri nedir?<\/strong> Bekta\u015filik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin kurucusudur ve Yeni\u00e7eri Oca\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n piri olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir. En \u00f6nemli eseri Mak\u00e2l\u00e2t\u2019t\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yunus Emre’nin T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131ndaki yeri ve eserleri nelerdir?<\/strong> \u015eiirlerini halk\u0131n anlayaca\u011f\u0131 sade bir T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ile yazarak ilahi a\u015fk\u0131 anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Divan ve Risalet\u00fc\u2019n-Nushiyye adl\u0131 iki eser vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Muhyiddin \u0130bn\u00fclarabi’nin tasavvuf d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesindeki rol\u00fc nedir?<\/strong> Onun ortaya koydu\u011fu tasavvuf anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, kendisinden sonraki tasavvuf hareketlerine de y\u00f6n verdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu’nun manevi \u00f6nderlerinin (mutasavv\u0131flar\u0131n) tarihi rol\u00fc ne olmu\u015ftur?<\/strong> Bu mutasavv\u0131flar, Anadolu’nun T\u00fcrkle\u015fme ve \u0130slamla\u015fma s\u00fcrecinde kilit rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ka\u015fgarl\u0131 Mahmud (XI. y\u00fczy\u0131l)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ka\u015fgarl\u0131 Mahmud’un en \u00f6nemli eseri nedir ve bu eserin \u00f6zelli\u011fi nedir?<\/strong> T\u00fcrk\u00e7enin bilinen ilk s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olan “Div\u00e2n\u00fc Lug\u00e2ti’t-T\u00fcrk” adl\u0131 eseri yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ka\u015fgarl\u0131 Mahmud, Div\u00e2n\u00fc Lug\u00e2ti’t-T\u00fcrk’\u00fc hangi ama\u00e7la yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Amac\u0131, Araplara T\u00fcrk\u00e7eyi \u00f6\u011fretmek ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7enin zengin bir dil oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Div\u00e2n\u00fc Lug\u00e2ti’t-T\u00fcrk, s\u00f6zl\u00fck olmas\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hangi konularda bilgi i\u00e7erir?<\/strong> Eseri, d\u00f6nemin T\u00fcrk boylar\u0131n\u0131n dilleri, k\u00fclt\u00fcrleri ve co\u011frafyas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda e\u015fsiz bilgiler i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Div\u00e2n\u00fc Lug\u00e2ti’t-T\u00fcrk’te dil bilgisi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ne bulunmaktad\u0131r?<\/strong> Eserinde, o d\u00f6neme ait bir d\u00fcnya haritas\u0131 da bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6mer Hayyam (1048-1131)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6mer Hayyam hangi alanlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Matematik, astronomi, felsefe ve edebiyat alanlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6mer Hayyam, hangi h\u00fck\u00fcmdar ad\u0131na hangi takvimi haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Sultan\u0131 Melik\u015fah ad\u0131na Celali Takvimi’ni haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6mer Hayyam’\u0131n matematik alan\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 nedir?<\/strong> Matematikte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc dereceden denklemlerin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcyle ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6mer Hayyam d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda en \u00e7ok hangi y\u00f6n\u00fcyle tan\u0131nmaktad\u0131r?<\/strong> Felsefi i\u00e7erikli rubaileriyle d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda tan\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cezeri (XII-XIII. y\u00fczy\u0131l)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cezeri hangi bilim alanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc kabul edilir?<\/strong> Mekanik ve sibernetik (otomasyon) biliminin \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc kabul edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cezeri hangi beylik d\u00f6neminde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f ve ne tasarlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?<\/strong> Artuklular d\u00f6neminde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f ve bir\u00e7ok mekanik alet tasarlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cezeri’nin icatlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7izimlerini ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensiplerini i\u00e7eren eserinin ad\u0131 nedir?<\/strong> “Kitab-\u00fcl Hiyel” (Mekanik Hareketlerden M\u00fchendislikte Faydalanmay\u0131 \u0130\u00e7eren Kitap) adl\u0131 eseri, icatlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7izimlerini ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensiplerini i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cezeri’nin tasar\u0131mlar\u0131na \u00f6rnekler veriniz.<\/strong> Tasar\u0131mlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda su saatleri, otomatik makineler ve robotlar bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130bni Bibi (XIII. y\u00fczy\u0131l)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130bni Bibi kimdir?<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131 d\u00f6neminin en \u00f6nemli tarih\u00e7ilerindendir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130bni Bibi’nin Sel\u00e7uklu tarihini anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Fars\u00e7a eserinin ad\u0131 nedir?<\/strong> “el-Ev\u00e2mir\u00fc’l-Al\u00e2iyye” adl\u0131 Fars\u00e7a eserinde, Sel\u00e7uklu tarihini anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130bni Bibi’nin eseri \u00f6zellikle hangi d\u00f6nem hakk\u0131nda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7erir?<\/strong> Eseri, \u00f6zellikle I. Al\u00e2eddin Keykubad d\u00f6nemi hakk\u0131nda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgiler i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130bni Bibi’nin eseri siyasi olaylar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hangi konularda \u00f6nemli bir kaynakt\u0131r?<\/strong> D\u00f6nemin siyasi olaylar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra sosyal ve idari yap\u0131s\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin ikta sistemi) hakk\u0131nda da \u00f6nemli bir kaynakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda\u00a0g\u00fcncel m\u00fcfredata\u00a0g\u00f6re haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u00a010. s\u0131n\u0131f tarih dersi 1. \u00fcnitesi\u00a0olan T\u00fcrkistan\u2019dan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye (1040-1299) soru- cevap\u00a0\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015f\u0131yoruz.\u00a010. s\u0131n\u0131f tarih soru cevap\u00a0\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z sayesinde ders kitab\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sorular\u0131n\u0131 rahatl\u0131kla […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1405,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_regular_price":[],"currency_symbol":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[114],"tags":[301,300],"class_list":["post-3040","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-10-sinif-tarih-soru-cevap","tag-10-sinif-tarih-yazili-2","tag-10-sinif-tarih-soru-cevap"],"post_slider_layout_featured_media_urls":{"thumbnail":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/10.-sinif-tarih-soru-cevap-150x150.png",150,150,true],"post_slider_layout_landscape_large":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/10.-sinif-tarih-soru-cevap-1200x720.png",1200,720,true],"post_slider_layout_portrait_large":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/10.-sinif-tarih-soru-cevap-1200x720.png",1200,720,true],"post_slider_layout_square_large":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/10.-sinif-tarih-soru-cevap-1200x720.png",1200,720,true],"post_slider_layout_landscape":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/10.-sinif-tarih-soru-cevap-600x400.png",600,400,true],"post_slider_layout_portrait":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/10.-sinif-tarih-soru-cevap-600x720.png",600,720,true],"post_slider_layout_square":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/10.-sinif-tarih-soru-cevap-600x600.png",600,600,true],"full":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/10.-sinif-tarih-soru-cevap.png",1280,720,false]},"yoast_head":"\n10. 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