{"id":3448,"date":"2026-07-31T18:02:37","date_gmt":"2026-07-31T15:02:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/?p=3448"},"modified":"2026-07-31T20:00:37","modified_gmt":"2026-07-31T17:00:37","slug":"kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/31\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u00fcreselle\u015fen D\u00fcnya KPSS Tarih Ders Notlar\u0131| \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk ve D\u00fcnya Tarihi\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u00fcreselle\u015fen D\u00fcnya konular\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan bu i\u00e7erik; K\u00fcreselle\u015fme Kavram\u0131, SSCB\u2019nin Da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetleri\u2019nin Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 Kazanmalar\u0131, Avrupa\u2019da Meydana Gelen Siyasi Geli\u015fmeler, AB ve T\u00fcrkiye ile Orta Do\u011fu ve Afganistan\u2019daki geli\u015fmeler gibi konular\u0131 d\u00fczenli bi\u00e7imde sunar. KPSS tarih s\u0131nav\u0131na haz\u0131rlanan adaylar i\u00e7in olu\u015fturulan bu KPSS tarih ders notlar\u0131, d\u00f6nemin \u00f6nemli kavramlar\u0131n\u0131 ve siyasi de\u011fi\u015fimlerini bir arada tekrar etmeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Online KPSS haz\u0131rl\u0131k setimiz sayesinde KPSS, MEB AGS ve \u00d6ABT s\u0131navlar\u0131na tam olarak haz\u0131rlanacaks\u0131n\u0131z.  KPSS \u00f6zet ders notlar\u0131 arayan arkada\u015flar bu notlar tam size g\u00f6re. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<style>\n.tk-ders-notu{--tk-lacivert:#12355b;--tk-turkuaz:#087f8c;--tk-bordo:#8b1e3f;--tk-altin:#d69e2e;--tk-acik-mavi:#eef6ff;--tk-acik-turkuaz:#ecfbfa;--tk-acik-sari:#fff8dc;--tk-metin:#243447;--tk-cizgi:#c8d7e6;position:relative;width:100%;max-width:1100px;min-width:0;margin:0 auto;padding:clamp(12px,2.4vw,28px);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--tk-metin);font:400 17px\/1.72 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,\"Segoe UI\",Arial,sans-serif;overflow-wrap:anywhere;word-wrap:break-word;hyphens:auto;background:#f7fafc;border-radius:18px}\n.tk-ders-notu *,.tk-ders-notu *::before,.tk-ders-notu *::after{box-sizing:border-box;min-width:0}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-ilerleme{position:fixed;z-index:9998;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:5px;background:rgba(18,53,91,.12);pointer-events:none}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-ilerleme-cubugu{display:block;width:0;height:100%;background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--tk-turkuaz),var(--tk-altin));transition:width .12s linear}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-ust{padding:clamp(18px,4vw,40px);background:linear-gradient(135deg,#12355b 0%,#184f73 62%,#087f8c 100%);color:#fff;border-radius:16px;box-shadow:0 12px 32px rgba(18,53,91,.16)}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-ana-baslik{margin:0;padding:0 0 14px;border-bottom:4px solid var(--tk-altin);font-size:clamp(1.65rem,4.6vw,2.65rem);line-height:1.18;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.01em;color:#fff}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-ana-baslik *{color:inherit}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-kontroller{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;margin:18px 0 0}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-dugme{appearance:none;border:2px solid rgba(255,255,255,.72);border-radius:999px;padding:10px 15px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.1);color:#fff;font:700 .92rem\/1.2 inherit;cursor:pointer;transition:background .2s ease,transform .2s ease,border-color .2s ease}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-dugme:hover{background:#fff;color:var(--tk-lacivert);transform:translateY(-1px)}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-icindekiler{margin-top:18px;padding:16px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.1);border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.28);border-radius:12px}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-icindekiler-baslik{margin:0 0 10px;font-weight:800;color:#fff}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-icindekiler-listesi{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:7px 16px;margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-icindekiler-listesi li{margin:0;padding:0}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-icindekiler-listesi a{display:block;padding:7px 9px;border-radius:8px;color:#fff;text-decoration:none;border-left:4px solid transparent;overflow-wrap:anywhere}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-icindekiler-listesi .tk-alt-baglanti a{padding-left:18px;font-size:.94em;color:#e7fbff}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-icindekiler-listesi a:hover,.tk-ders-notu .tk-icindekiler-listesi a.tk-etkin{background:rgba(255,255,255,.16);border-left-color:var(--tk-altin)}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-icerik{display:block;margin-top:22px}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-kart{width:100%;margin:0 0 22px;padding:clamp(17px,3.2vw,30px);background:#fff;border:1px solid #dce7f0;border-radius:16px;box-shadow:0 8px 26px rgba(18,53,91,.075)}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-kart-ilk{border-top:5px solid var(--tk-altin)}\n.tk-ders-notu h2{margin:0 0 18px;padding:0 0 10px;border-bottom:3px solid var(--tk-altin);color:var(--tk-lacivert);font-size:clamp(1.34rem,3.2vw,1.78rem);line-height:1.28;font-weight:800;overflow-wrap:anywhere}\n.tk-ders-notu h3{margin:25px 0 12px;padding-left:12px;border-left:5px solid var(--tk-turkuaz);color:var(--tk-bordo);font-size:clamp(1.12rem,2.6vw,1.38rem);line-height:1.34;font-weight:800;overflow-wrap:anywhere}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-paragraf{margin:0 0 14px;color:var(--tk-metin)}\n.tk-ders-notu strong{color:#152e49;font-weight:800}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-liste{display:grid;gap:9px;margin:12px 0 18px;padding:0;list-style:none;counter-reset:tk-sira}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-liste>li{position:relative;margin:0;padding:12px 14px 12px 44px;background:var(--tk-acik-mavi);border:1px solid #d8e8f6;border-radius:11px;overflow-wrap:anywhere}\n.tk-ders-notu ul.tk-liste>li::before{content:\"\u2713\";position:absolute;left:14px;top:11px;width:21px;height:21px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--tk-turkuaz);color:#fff;font-weight:900;line-height:21px;text-align:center}\n.tk-ders-notu ol.tk-liste>li{counter-increment:tk-sira}\n.tk-ders-notu ol.tk-liste>li::before{content:counter(tk-sira);position:absolute;left:12px;top:10px;min-width:24px;height:24px;padding:0 4px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--tk-bordo);color:#fff;font-weight:800;line-height:24px;text-align:center}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-liste>li.tk-alt-seviye{margin-left:24px;background:var(--tk-acik-turkuaz)}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-bilgi-kutusu{margin:16px 0;padding:16px 18px;background:var(--tk-acik-sari);border:1px solid #efd58a;border-left:7px solid var(--tk-altin);border-radius:11px;color:#513f15}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-bilgi-kutusu p{margin:0 0 9px}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-bilgi-kutusu p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-alinti{margin:18px 0;padding:17px 19px;background:#fff1f5;border-left:7px solid var(--tk-bordo);border-radius:11px;color:#5c1730;font-style:italic}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo-kapsayici{width:100%;min-width:0;max-width:100%;margin:18px 0;overflow:visible}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo{width:100%;min-width:0;max-width:100%;border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;table-layout:fixed;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--tk-cizgi);border-radius:11px;overflow:hidden}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo th,.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo td{min-width:0;padding:12px 13px;border-right:1px solid var(--tk-cizgi);border-bottom:1px solid var(--tk-cizgi);vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;white-space:normal;overflow-wrap:anywhere;word-wrap:break-word;word-break:normal;hyphens:auto}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo th{background:var(--tk-lacivert);color:#fff;font-weight:800;text-align:center}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo th *{color:inherit}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo td:first-child{color:var(--tk-bordo);font-weight:750;background:#fff7f9}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo tr:last-child td{border-bottom:0}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo th:last-child,.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo td:last-child{border-right:0}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-hucre-metni{margin:0 0 8px}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-hucre-metni:last-child{margin-bottom:0}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-basa-don{position:fixed;right:18px;bottom:18px;z-index:9997;display:none;width:48px;height:48px;padding:0;border:0;border-radius:50%;background:var(--tk-bordo);color:#fff;font-size:1.35rem;font-weight:900;line-height:48px;text-align:center;box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(77,15,36,.28);cursor:pointer}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-basa-don.tk-gorunur{display:block}\n.tk-ders-notu :focus-visible{outline:4px solid #ffe08a;outline-offset:3px}\n@media (max-width:720px){\n.tk-ders-notu{padding:10px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.65;border-radius:12px}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-ust{padding:18px;border-radius:12px}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-icindekiler-listesi{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-kart{padding:17px 13px;border-radius:12px}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-liste>li{padding:11px 10px 11px 40px}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-liste>li.tk-alt-seviye{margin-left:10px}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo th,.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo td{padding:10px 8px;font-size:15px}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo.tk-cok-sutun,.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo.tk-cok-sutun tbody,.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo.tk-cok-sutun tr,.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo.tk-cok-sutun td{display:block;width:100%;min-width:0;max-width:100%}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo.tk-cok-sutun{border:0;background:transparent;overflow:visible}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo.tk-cok-sutun thead{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;border:0}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo.tk-cok-sutun tbody{display:grid;gap:14px}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo.tk-cok-sutun tr{padding:7px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--tk-cizgi);border-top:5px solid var(--tk-turkuaz);border-radius:11px;box-shadow:0 5px 16px rgba(18,53,91,.07)}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo.tk-cok-sutun td{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(92px,36%) minmax(0,1fr);gap:10px;padding:10px 8px;border:0;border-bottom:1px dashed var(--tk-cizgi);background:#fff;color:var(--tk-metin);font-weight:400}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo.tk-cok-sutun td:last-child{border-bottom:0}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo.tk-cok-sutun td::before{content:attr(data-label);color:var(--tk-bordo);font-weight:800;overflow-wrap:anywhere}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-basa-don{right:10px;bottom:10px;width:44px;height:44px;line-height:44px}\n}\n@media (max-width:375px){\n.tk-ders-notu{font-size:15.5px}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-dugme{width:100%;text-align:center}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo th,.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo td{padding:9px 6px;font-size:15px}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo.tk-cok-sutun td{grid-template-columns:minmax(82px,34%) minmax(0,1fr);gap:8px}\n}\n@media print{\n.tk-ders-notu{max-width:none;margin:0;padding:0;background:#fff;color:#000;font-size:11pt;box-shadow:none}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-ilerleme,.tk-ders-notu .tk-kontroller,.tk-ders-notu .tk-basa-don{display:none!important}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-ust{padding:0 0 14pt;background:#fff!important;color:#000;box-shadow:none}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-ana-baslik{color:#000;border-bottom:2pt solid #000}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-icindekiler{border:1pt solid #777;background:#fff;color:#000}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-icindekiler-listesi a{color:#000}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-kart{break-inside:auto;margin:0 0 14pt;padding:0;border:0;box-shadow:none}\n.tk-ders-notu h2,.tk-ders-notu h3{break-after:avoid;color:#000}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo{break-inside:auto}\n.tk-ders-notu .tk-tablo tr{break-inside:avoid}\n.tk-ders-notu a{text-decoration:none;color:#000}\n}\n<\/style>\n<article class=\"tk-ders-notu\" id=\"tk-ders-kuresellesen-dunya\" lang=\"tr\" data-tk-ready=\"false\"><div class=\"tk-ilerleme\" role=\"progressbar\" aria-label=\"Okuma ilerlemesi\" aria-valuemin=\"0\" aria-valuemax=\"100\" aria-valuenow=\"0\"><span class=\"tk-ilerleme-cubugu\"><\/span><\/div><header class=\"tk-ust\" id=\"tk-ders-baslangici\"><p class=\"tk-ana-baslik\" data-tk-source=\"1\"><strong>K\u00dcRESELLE\u015eEN D\u00dcNYA<\/strong><\/p><div class=\"tk-kontroller\"><button class=\"tk-dugme tk-yazdir\" type=\"button\" aria-label=\"Ders notunu yazd\u0131r\">Yazd\u0131r<\/button><button class=\"tk-dugme tk-ice-git\" type=\"button\" aria-label=\"\u0130\u00e7indekiler b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne git\">\u0130\u00e7indekilere Git<\/button><\/div><nav class=\"tk-icindekiler\" id=\"tk-icindekiler-kuresellesen-dunya\" aria-label=\"Ders notu i\u00e7indekiler\"><p class=\"tk-icindekiler-baslik\">\u0130\u00e7indekiler<\/p><ul class=\"tk-icindekiler-listesi\"><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-kuresellesme-kavrami\">K\u00fcreselle\u015fme Kavram\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-ana-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-sscb-nin-dagilmasi-ve-turk-cumhuriyetleri-nin-bagimsizliklarini-kazanm\">SSCB\u2019N\u0130N DA\u011eILMASI VE T\u00dcRK CUMHUR\u0130YETLER\u0130\u2019N\u0130N BA\u011eIMSIZLIKLARINI KAZANMALARI<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-ana-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-avrupa-da-meydana-gelen-siyasi-gelismeler\">AVRUPA\u2019DA MEYDANA GELEN S\u0130YAS\u0130 GEL\u0130\u015eMELER<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-dogu-avrupa-ulkelerindeki-degisimler\">Do\u011fu Avrupa \u00dclkelerindeki De\u011fi\u015fimler<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-dogu-almanya\">Do\u011fu Almanya<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-yugoslavya\">Yugoslavya<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-bosna-savasi-1992-1995\">Bosna Sava\u015f\u0131 (1992-1995)<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-bosna-savasi-nda-kuresel-gucler-ve-uluslararasi-orgutlerin-tutumu\">Bosna Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda K\u00fcresel G\u00fc\u00e7ler ve Uluslararas\u0131 \u00d6rg\u00fctlerin Tutumu<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-kosova-savasi\">Kosova Sava\u015f\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-ab-nin-genislemesi\">AB\u2019nin Geni\u015flemesi<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-ab-ve-turkiye\">AB ve T\u00fcrkiye<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-ana-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-kuresellesen-dunyada-orta-dogu-ve-afganistan-da-meydana-gelen-siyasi-g\">K\u00dcRESELLE\u015eEN D\u00dcNYADA ORTA DO\u011eU VE AFGAN\u0130STAN\u2019DA MEYDANA GELEN S\u0130YAS\u0130 GEL\u0130\u015eMELER<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-filistin-merkezli-orta-dogu-politikalari\">Filistin Merkezli Orta Do\u011fu Politikalar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-1990-ve-2003-korfez-savaslari\">1990 ve 2003 K\u00f6rfez Sava\u015flar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-11-eylul-sonrasi-abd-dis-politikasi\">11 Eyl\u00fcl Sonras\u0131 ABD D\u0131\u015f Politikas\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-orta-dogu-da-su-sorunu\">Orta Do\u011fu\u2019da Su Sorunu<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-ana-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-kuresellesen-dunyadaki-ekonomik-sosyokulturel-ve-bilimsel-gelismeler\">K\u00dcRESELLE\u015eEN D\u00dcNYADAK\u0130 EKONOM\u0130K, SOSYOK\u00dcLT\u00dcREL VE B\u0130L\u0130MSEL GEL\u0130\u015eMELER<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-1980-sonrasi-abd-ve-avrupa-daki-neoliberal-ekonomik-politikalar\">1980 Sonras\u0131 ABD ve Avrupa\u2019daki Neoliberal Ekonomik Politikalar<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-insan-hayatinda-uydu-ve-iletisim-teknolojisi\">\u0130nsan Hayat\u0131nda Uydu ve \u0130leti\u015fim Teknolojisi<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-saglik-alanindaki-gelismeler\">Sa\u011fl\u0131k Alan\u0131ndaki Geli\u015fmeler<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-sinema-endustrisinin-ve-uluslararasi-spor-organizasyonlarinin-kuresel\">Sinema End\u00fcstrisinin ve Uluslararas\u0131 Spor Organizasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n K\u00fcresel Ekonomiye Etkisi<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-eglence-kulturunde-yasanan-degisim\">E\u011flence K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde Ya\u015fanan De\u011fi\u015fim<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-ana-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-kuresellesen-dunyada-one-cikan-olay-ve-olgular\">K\u00dcRESELLE\u015eEN D\u00dcNYADA \u00d6NE \u00c7IKAN OLAY VE OLGULAR<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-arap-bahari\">Arap Bahar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-ulkelere-gore-arap-bahari\">\u00dclkelere G\u00f6re Arap Bahar\u0131:<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-multeci-sorunu-ve-bu-soruna-devletlerin-yaklasimi\">M\u00fclteci Sorunu ve Bu Soruna Devletlerin Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-siber-dunya-ve-etkileri\">Siber D\u00fcnya ve Etkileri<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-kapitalizm-ve-endustriyel-uretimin-topluma-etkileri\">Kapitalizm ve End\u00fcstriyel \u00dcretimin Topluma Etkileri<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-ana-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-1990-sonrasi-turk-dis-politikasindaki-gelismeler\">1990 SONRASI T\u00dcRK DI\u015e POL\u0130T\u0130KASINDAK\u0130 GEL\u0130\u015eMELER<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-bulgaristan-daki-turkler-ve-turkiye-bulgaristan-iliskileri\">Bulgaristan\u2019daki T\u00fcrkler ve T\u00fcrkiye-Bulgaristan \u0130li\u015fkileri<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-turkiye-nin-turk-cumhuriyetleri-kafkaslar-balkanlar-ve-orta-dogu-polit\">T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetleri, Kafkaslar, Balkanlar ve Orta Do\u011fu Politikalar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-a-turk-cumhuriyetleri\">A) T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetleri<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-b-kafkasya\">B) Kafkasya<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-c-balkanlar\">C) Balkanlar<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-d-orta-dogu\">D) Orta Do\u011fu<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-irak-ve-suriye-deki-siyasi-gelismelerin-bolgeye-etkileri\">Irak ve Suriye\u2019deki Siyasi Geli\u015fmelerin B\u00f6lgeye Etkileri<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-kuresel-terorizm\">K\u00fcresel Ter\u00f6rizm<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-turk-kizilayi\">T\u00fcrk K\u0131z\u0131lay\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-ana-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-1990-sonrasi-turkiye-de-yasanan-siyasi-ekonomik-sosyokulturel-ve-bilim\">1990 SONRASI T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019DE YA\u015eANAN S\u0130YAS\u0130, EKONOM\u0130K, SOSYOK\u00dcLT\u00dcREL VE B\u0130L\u0130MSEL GEL\u0130\u015eMELER<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-1990-sonrasi-turkiye-de-yasanan-ekonomik-gelismeler\">1990 Sonras\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Ya\u015fanan Ekonomik Geli\u015fmeler<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-28-subat-postmodern-darbesi\">28 \u015eubat Postmodern Darbesi<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-etnik-ideolojik-ve-mezhep-temelli-catismalar\">Etnik, \u0130deolojik ve Mezhep Temelli \u00c7at\u0131\u015fmalar<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-gezi-parki-olaylari\">Gezi Park\u0131 Olaylar\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-feto-ve-15-temmuz\">FET\u00d6 ve 15 Temmuz<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-bilime-hizmet-eden-dort-turk-bilim-insani\">Bilime Hizmet Eden D\u00f6rt T\u00fcrk Bilim \u0130nsan\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class=\"tk-alt-baglanti\"><a href=\"#tk-turkiye-deki-bilimsel-ve-teknolojik-gelismeler\">T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Geli\u015fmeler<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/header><div class=\"tk-icerik\"><section class=\"tk-kart tk-kart-ilk\"><h3 id=\"tk-kuresellesme-kavrami\" data-tk-source=\"2\"><strong>K\u00fcreselle\u015fme Kavram\u0131:<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"3\">Mal, hizmet ve sermayenin artan hareketlili\u011fi sonucunda d\u00fcnyadaki <strong>ekonomik b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmenin<\/strong>, toplumlar aras\u0131 ileti\u015fimin ve <strong>kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n<\/strong> artmas\u0131 s\u00fcrecidir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"4\">D\u00fcnyan\u0131n mevcut yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrekli d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren k\u00fcresel bir n\u00fcfuz alan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/section><section class=\"tk-kart\"><h2 id=\"tk-sscb-nin-dagilmasi-ve-turk-cumhuriyetleri-nin-bagimsizliklarini-kazanm\" data-tk-source=\"5\"><strong>SSCB\u2019N\u0130N DA\u011eILMASI VE T\u00dcRK CUMHUR\u0130YETLER\u0130\u2019N\u0130N BA\u011eIMSIZLIKLARINI KAZANMALARI<\/strong><\/h2><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"6\"><strong>SSCB&#8217;nin \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fclme S\u00fcreci:<\/strong> <strong>1950&#8217;li y\u0131llardan<\/strong> itibaren d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnya ile ileti\u015fimin artmas\u0131 ve etnik sorunlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesiyle ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"7\"><strong>Sosyalist Anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n Zay\u0131flamas\u0131:<\/strong> <strong>1970&#8217;li y\u0131llarda<\/strong> siyasi, ekonomik ve sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel nedenlerle merkezi otorite zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"8\"><strong>Glasnost ve Perestroyka Politikalar\u0131:<\/strong> <strong>Mihail Gorba\u00e7ov<\/strong>&#8216;un <strong>1985<\/strong>&#8216;te uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 <strong>&#8220;A\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k (Glasnost)&#8221;<\/strong> ve <strong>&#8220;Yeniden Yap\u0131lanma (Perestroyka)&#8221;<\/strong> politikalar\u0131, da\u011f\u0131lma s\u00fcrecini h\u0131zland\u0131ran en \u00f6nemli etken olmu\u015ftur.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"9\"><strong>Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k Hareketleri:<\/strong> Ba\u015fta <strong>Balt\u0131k devletleri<\/strong> olmak \u00fczere Rus olmayan milletler ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k m\u00fccadelesine girmi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"10\"><strong>So\u011fuk Sava\u015f&#8217;\u0131n Sona Ermesi:<\/strong> <strong>1991&#8217;de SSCB&#8217;nin resmen da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131yla<\/strong> (Ek bilgi: <strong>21 Aral\u0131k 1991 Alma-Ata Zirvesi<\/strong> ile <strong>Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Devletler Toplulu\u011fu &#8211; BDT<\/strong> kurularak) So\u011fuk Sava\u015f bitmi\u015f, Kafkasya ve Orta Asya&#8217;da <strong>T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetleri<\/strong> ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmu\u015ftur.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"11\"><strong>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin H\u0131zl\u0131 Diplomasisi:<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye, yeni devletleri ilk tan\u0131yanlardan olmu\u015f, ikili ve \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131 antla\u015fmalar imzalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"12\"><strong>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin Jeopolitik Avantaj\u0131:<\/strong> Bat\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n m\u00fcttefiki olmas\u0131 ve co\u011frafi konumu, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye enerji diplomasisinde b\u00fcy\u00fck f\u0131rsatlar sunmu\u015ftur.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"13\"><strong>Enerji K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye:<\/strong> Orta Asya do\u011fal gaz\u0131n\u0131 Avrupa&#8217;ya ta\u015f\u0131yan <strong>Bak\u00fc-Tiflis-Ceyhan (BTC) Petrol Boru Hatt\u0131<\/strong> ve <strong>\u015eahdeniz Projesi<\/strong> ile T\u00fcrkiye uluslararas\u0131 enerji k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc olmu\u015ftur.<\/li><\/ul><\/section><section class=\"tk-kart\"><h2 id=\"tk-avrupa-da-meydana-gelen-siyasi-gelismeler\" data-tk-source=\"14\"><strong>AVRUPA\u2019DA MEYDANA GELEN S\u0130YAS\u0130 GEL\u0130\u015eMELER<\/strong><\/h2><h3 id=\"tk-dogu-avrupa-ulkelerindeki-degisimler\" data-tk-source=\"15\"><strong>Do\u011fu Avrupa \u00dclkelerindeki De\u011fi\u015fimler<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"16\"><strong>Da\u011f\u0131lman\u0131n \u0130lk \u0130\u015faretleri:<\/strong> <strong>Do\u011fu Bloku<\/strong> ve <strong>SSCB<\/strong>, <strong>1975 Helsinki Deklarasyonu<\/strong> sonras\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclme sinyelleri vermi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"17\"><strong>Demokrasi R\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131:<\/strong> <strong>Helsinki Deklarasyonu<\/strong> ile <strong>Glasnost-Perestroyka<\/strong> politikalar\u0131 birle\u015fince, SSCB uydusu \u00fclkelerde rejim de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"18\"><strong>\u0130lk Tepki:<\/strong> Do\u011fu Bloku i\u00e7inde <strong>Helsinki Deklarasyonu<\/strong>&#8216;na tepki veren ilk \u00fclke <strong>\u00c7ekoslovakya<\/strong> olmu\u015ftur.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"19\"><strong>Kom\u00fcnizmin \u00c7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc:<\/strong> <strong>Macaristan, Polonya, Romanya<\/strong> ve <strong>Bulgaristan<\/strong>&#8216;da kom\u00fcnist idareler y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, ilerleyen y\u0131llarda bu devletler <strong>Avrupa Birli\u011fi (AB)<\/strong> \u00fcyesi olmu\u015ftur.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-dogu-almanya\" data-tk-source=\"20\"><strong>Do\u011fu Almanya<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"21\"><strong>Kat\u0131 Uydu Devlet:<\/strong> <strong>II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131<\/strong> sonras\u0131 SSCB taraf\u0131ndan kurulan <strong>Do\u011fu Almanya<\/strong>, yeniliklerden ilk ba\u015fta etkilenmeyen en sad\u0131k devletti.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"22\"><strong>Krizin Patlak Vermesi:<\/strong> Rejim kar\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan <strong>&#8220;turistik \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f vizesi&#8221;<\/strong> b\u00fcy\u00fck bir krize yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"23\"><strong>Halk Direni\u015fi:<\/strong> Halk, <strong>&#8220;We are the people&#8221; (Biz halk\u0131z)<\/strong> \u015fark\u0131s\u0131yla <strong>&#8220;Duvar y\u0131k\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r&#8221;<\/strong> sloganlar\u0131 atarak devasa g\u00f6steriler d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"24\"><strong>Berlin Duvar\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n Y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131:<\/strong> Bask\u0131lara dayanamayan h\u00fck\u00fcmetin izniyle <strong>1989&#8217;da Berlin Duvar\u0131<\/strong> y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"25\"><strong>Almanya&#8217;n\u0131n Birle\u015fmesi:<\/strong> <strong>Bat\u0131<\/strong> ve <strong>Do\u011fu Almanya<\/strong>, Moskova&#8217;da anla\u015f\u0131p birle\u015fmi\u015f; <strong>3 Aral\u0131k 1990<\/strong> se\u00e7imleriyle <strong>Almanya Cumhuriyeti<\/strong> kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-yugoslavya\" data-tk-source=\"26\"><strong>Yugoslavya<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"27\"><strong>S\u0131rp Hegemonyas\u0131:<\/strong> <strong>I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131<\/strong> sonras\u0131 kurulan federal yap\u0131da, <strong>S\u0131rplar\u0131n<\/strong> di\u011fer milletler \u00fczerinde kesin bir bask\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"28\"><strong>Da\u011f\u0131lma S\u00fcreci:<\/strong> <strong>1989<\/strong>&#8216;da esen demokratikle\u015fme r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131yla hak e\u015fitli\u011fi isteyen Yugoslav milletleri ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k hareketine ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"29\"><strong>B\u00fcy\u00fck S\u0131rbistan \u0130deali:<\/strong> S\u0131rplar, ayr\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 hareketlere <strong>&#8220;S\u0131rplar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 her yer S\u0131rbistan&#8217;\u0131n par\u00e7as\u0131 olacak&#8221;<\/strong> fikriyle \u015fiddetle direnmi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"30\"><strong>Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k \u0130lanlar\u0131:<\/strong> <strong>1991&#8217;de Slovenya, H\u0131rvatistan<\/strong> ve <strong>Makedonya<\/strong> ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ilan etmi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"31\"><strong>Yeni Yugoslavya:<\/strong> Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde <strong>Karada\u011f<\/strong> ve <strong>S\u0131rbistan<\/strong> birle\u015ferek <strong>Yeni Yugoslavya (Federal) Devleti<\/strong>&#8216;ni kurmu\u015ftur.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"32\"><strong>Bosna-Hersek Krizi:<\/strong> <strong>Aliya \u0130zzetbegovi\u00e7<\/strong> liderli\u011findeki M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, H\u0131rvatlarla anla\u015f\u0131p <strong>1992&#8217;de ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k<\/strong> ilan edince, S\u0131rplar\u0131n isyan\u0131yla b\u00f6lge kanl\u0131 bir i\u00e7 sava\u015fa s\u00fcr\u00fcklenmi\u015ftir.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-bosna-savasi-1992-1995\" data-tk-source=\"33\"><strong>Bosna Sava\u015f\u0131 (1992-1995)<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"34\"><strong>\u0130ki Ate\u015f Aras\u0131nda Kalan Bo\u015fnaklar:<\/strong> H\u0131rvatlar\u0131n da kendi devletini ilan etmesiyle Bo\u015fnaklar S\u0131rplara kar\u015f\u0131 yaln\u0131z kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"35\"><strong>Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n Ba\u015flamas\u0131:<\/strong> Avrupa&#8217;n\u0131n duyars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131, S\u0131rp vah\u015fetinin k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede etnik temizli\u011fe ve soyk\u0131r\u0131ma d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesine (Ek bilgi: <strong>1995 Srebrenitsa Katliam\u0131<\/strong>) yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"36\"><strong>Bilge Kral:<\/strong> Bo\u015fnaklar (Bosnal\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar), ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k m\u00fccadelesini <strong>&#8220;Bilge Kral&#8221;<\/strong> ve <strong>&#8220;Baba&#8221;<\/strong> lakapl\u0131 <strong>Aliya \u0130zzetbegovi\u00e7<\/strong> \u00f6nderli\u011finde y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"37\"><strong>Sava\u015f\u0131n Ac\u0131 Bilan\u00e7osu:<\/strong> <strong>300 bin Bo\u015fnak<\/strong> \u015fehit olmu\u015f, <strong>3,5 milyon<\/strong> insan g\u00f6\u00e7m\u00fc\u015f, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras\u0131n <strong>%80&#8217;i<\/strong> yok edilmi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"38\"><strong>Mavi Kelebekler:<\/strong> Toplu mezarlar (<strong>500 adet<\/strong>), topra\u011f\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiren cesetler \u00fczerinde a\u00e7an \u00e7i\u00e7eklere konan <strong>mavi kelebekler<\/strong> sayesinde tespit edilmi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"39\"><strong>Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131:<\/strong> <strong>1995 Dayton Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong> ile <strong>Bosna-Hersek<\/strong> bir devlet olarak tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-bosna-savasi-nda-kuresel-gucler-ve-uluslararasi-orgutlerin-tutumu\" data-tk-source=\"40\"><strong>Bosna Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda K\u00fcresel G\u00fc\u00e7ler ve Uluslararas\u0131 \u00d6rg\u00fctlerin Tutumu<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"41\"><strong>Rusya:<\/strong> Bar\u0131\u015ftan yana g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de <strong>BM ambargosuna<\/strong> ra\u011fmen S\u0131rplar\u0131 desteklemi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"42\"><strong>ABD:<\/strong> S\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 ve g\u00f6stermelik bombard\u0131manlarla yetinmi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"43\"><strong>NATO:<\/strong> <strong>1994 NATO \u00dcltimatomu<\/strong> ile S\u0131rplar, <strong>Saraybosna<\/strong> ku\u015fatmas\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rmak zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"44\"><strong>Avrupa Birli\u011fi (AB):<\/strong> M\u00fcltecileri kabul etmemi\u015f, yard\u0131mlar\u0131 \u015farta ba\u011flam\u0131\u015f ve etkisiz k\u0131nama mesajlar\u0131 yay\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"45\"><strong>Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler (BM):<\/strong> Kuveyt&#8217;te aya\u011fa kalkan BM, Bosna soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 sessiz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-kosova-savasi\" data-tk-source=\"46\"><strong>Kosova Sava\u015f\u0131<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"47\"><strong>Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k S\u00fcreci:<\/strong> S\u0131rbistan i\u00e7inde \u00f6zerk olan Kosova, <strong>1990 anayasas\u0131<\/strong> ve referandum sonras\u0131 <strong>1992&#8217;de ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> ilan etmi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"48\"><strong>U\u00c7K&#8217;n\u0131n Kurulmas\u0131:<\/strong> S\u0131rp \u015fiddetine kar\u015f\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Arnavutlar, <strong>1997&#8217;de Kosova Kurtulu\u015f Ordusu&#8217;nu (U\u00c7K)<\/strong> kurmu\u015ftur.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"49\"><strong>Re\u00e7ak Katliam\u0131 (15 Ocak 1999):<\/strong> S\u0131rplar\u0131n bu katliam\u0131 \u00fczerine, Bosna&#8217;daki imaj\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltmek isteyen <strong>NATO<\/strong> bu kez h\u0131zla m\u00fcdahale etmi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"50\"><strong>Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130dare:<\/strong> Bar\u0131\u015f sonras\u0131 Kosova; <strong>AG\u0130T, NATO bar\u0131\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc (KFOR)<\/strong> ve <strong>BM (UNMIK)<\/strong> idaresine b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, <strong>2001&#8217;de<\/strong> demokratik idare kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"51\"><strong>K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Soyk\u0131r\u0131m:<\/strong> Sava\u015fta say\u0131s\u0131z <strong>Osmanl\u0131 miras\u0131<\/strong> k\u00fclt\u00fcr varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 S\u0131rplarca yok edilmi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"52\"><strong>Tam Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k:<\/strong> Kosova, <strong>2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda<\/strong> ilan etti\u011fi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131kla T\u00fcrkiye ve d\u00fcnyaca tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-ab-nin-genislemesi\" data-tk-source=\"53\"><strong>AB\u2019nin Geni\u015flemesi<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"54\"><strong>Avrupa&#8217;n\u0131n G\u00fc\u00e7 Aray\u0131\u015f\u0131:<\/strong> Liderli\u011fi <strong>ABD<\/strong> ve <strong>SSCB<\/strong>&#8216;ye kapt\u0131ran Avrupa, ekonomik b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fme yoluna gitmi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"55\"><strong>AK\u00c7T&#8217;nin Kurulu\u015fu:<\/strong> <strong>1951&#8217;de<\/strong> alt\u0131 \u00fclkenin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla birli\u011fin temeli olan <strong>Avrupa K\u00f6m\u00fcr ve \u00c7elik Toplulu\u011fu (AK\u00c7T)<\/strong> kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"56\"><strong>D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm S\u00fcreci:<\/strong> (Ek bilgi: <strong>1957 Roma Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong> ile) <strong>AET (Avrupa Ekonomik Toplulu\u011fu)<\/strong> ad\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015f, (Ek bilgi: <strong>1992 Maastricht Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong> ile) ise <strong>AB (Avrupa Birli\u011fi)<\/strong> ismini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"57\"><strong>Kopenhag Kriterleri (Haziran 1993):<\/strong> Tam \u00fcyelik i\u00e7in sadece &#8220;Avrupa devleti olma&#8221; \u015fart\u0131 yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f; <strong>hukuk devleti, temel haklar, serbest piyasa ekonomisi<\/strong> ve <strong>demokrasi<\/strong> (Uyum, Siyasi ve Ekonomik kriterler) \u015fart ko\u015fulmu\u015ftur.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"58\"><strong>Madrid Zirvesi (1995):<\/strong> \u00dcye devletlerin idari entegrasyonuna dair esaslar belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-ab-ve-turkiye\" data-tk-source=\"59\"><strong>AB ve T\u00fcrkiye<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"60\"><strong>\u0130lk Ba\u015fvuru (1959):<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye, <strong>AET<\/strong>&#8216;ye ba\u015fvurarak g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar uzanan adayl\u0131k ser\u00fcvenini ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"61\"><strong>Ankara Antla\u015fmas\u0131 (1963):<\/strong> <strong>27 May\u0131s 1960 Darbesi<\/strong> ile yava\u015flayan s\u00fcre\u00e7, bu antla\u015fmayla ivme kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"62\"><strong>Tam \u00dcyelik Ba\u015fvurusu (14 Nisan 1987):<\/strong> So\u011fuk Sava\u015f&#8217;\u0131n yumu\u015famas\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye tam \u00fcyelik ba\u015fvurusu yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"63\"><strong>G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi Antla\u015fmas\u0131 (1995):<\/strong> <strong>1 Ocak 1996&#8217;da<\/strong> y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren antla\u015fmayla T\u00fcrkiye, <strong>tam \u00fcye olmadan G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fine giren ilk ve tek \u00fclke<\/strong> olmu\u015ftur.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"64\"><strong>L\u00fcksemburg Zirvesi (Aral\u0131k 1997):<\/strong> <strong>K\u0131br\u0131s<\/strong> ve <strong>T\u00fcrk-Yunan sorunlar\u0131<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin \u00f6n\u00fcne &#8220;\u00f6n ko\u015ful&#8221; olarak konmu\u015f, &#8220;adayl\u0131k&#8221; stat\u00fcs\u00fc verilmemi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"65\"><strong>Helsinki Zirvesi (1999):<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 <strong>resmen onaylanm\u0131\u015f<\/strong> (Ancak K\u0131br\u0131s ve Ege sorunlar\u0131 siyasi uyum kriteri yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r).<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"66\"><strong>\u00dcyeli\u011fi Geciktiren Yapay Sorunlar:<\/strong> AB&#8217;nin oyalama taktiklerinin alt\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 ana bahane yatar: <strong>N\u00fcfus<\/strong> (T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin en b\u00fcy\u00fck temsil hakk\u0131n\u0131 alacak olmas\u0131), <strong>Jeopolitik Konum<\/strong> (Orta Do\u011fu ile kom\u015fu olmak istenmemesi) ve <strong>K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar<\/strong> (\u0130slami kimlik \u00f6n yarg\u0131s\u0131).<\/li><\/ul><\/section><section class=\"tk-kart\"><h2 id=\"tk-kuresellesen-dunyada-orta-dogu-ve-afganistan-da-meydana-gelen-siyasi-g\" data-tk-source=\"67\"><strong>K\u00dcRESELLE\u015eEN D\u00dcNYADA ORTA DO\u011eU VE AFGAN\u0130STAN\u2019DA MEYDANA GELEN S\u0130YAS\u0130 GEL\u0130\u015eMELER<\/strong><\/h2><h3 id=\"tk-filistin-merkezli-orta-dogu-politikalari\" data-tk-source=\"68\"><strong>Filistin Merkezli Orta Do\u011fu Politikalar\u0131<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"69\"><strong>\u0130srail&#8217;in Kurulu\u015fu:<\/strong> <strong>\u0130ngiliz himayesi<\/strong> ve <strong>ABD deste\u011fiyle<\/strong> <strong>1948&#8217;de<\/strong> Filistin topraklar\u0131n\u0131n <strong>%56&#8217;s\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> i\u015fgal ederek kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"70\"><strong>Filistin Kurtulu\u015f \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (FK\u00d6):<\/strong> <strong>1964&#8217;te<\/strong> kurulan ve <strong>1967 Arap-\u0130srail Sava\u015f\u0131<\/strong> sonras\u0131 liderli\u011fini <strong>Yaser Arafat<\/strong>&#8216;\u0131n \u00fcstlendi\u011fi yasal temsilcidir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"71\"><strong>\u0130ntifada (Uyan\u0131\u015f):<\/strong> \u0130srail&#8217;in <strong>1980&#8217;de Kud\u00fcs&#8217;\u00fc<\/strong>, <strong>1982&#8217;de G\u00fcney L\u00fcbnan&#8217;\u0131<\/strong> i\u015fgali \u00fczerine <strong>9 Aral\u0131k 1987&#8217;de<\/strong> b\u00fcy\u00fck halk direni\u015fi ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"72\"><strong>Hamas:<\/strong> Birinci \u0130ntifada s\u0131ras\u0131nda <strong>Gazze \u015eeridi&#8217;nde<\/strong> kurulan \u0130slami Direni\u015f \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc&#8217;d\u00fcr.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"73\"><strong>Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Filistin Devleti:<\/strong> <strong>BM kararlar\u0131<\/strong> ard\u0131ndan <strong>15 Kas\u0131m 1988&#8217;de<\/strong> <strong>Yaser Arafat<\/strong> ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ilan edilmi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"74\"><strong>Orta Do\u011fu D\u00f6rtl\u00fcs\u00fc (2002):<\/strong> <strong>ABD, AB, Rusya<\/strong> ve <strong>BM<\/strong> \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in &#8220;yol haritas\u0131&#8221; haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f ancak \u0130srail Gazze&#8217;yi a\u00e7\u0131k hapishaneye \u00e7evirmi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"75\"><strong>Davos Zirvesi (Ocak 2009):<\/strong> \u0130srail zulm\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fcnyadaki en somut tepkiyi T\u00fcrkiye (<strong>&#8220;One Minute&#8221; krizi<\/strong>) g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"76\"><strong>Kud\u00fcs Oylamas\u0131 (2017):<\/strong> ABD&#8217;nin Kud\u00fcs&#8217;\u00fc \u0130srail&#8217;in ba\u015fkenti tan\u0131ma giri\u015fimi, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin \u00e7abalar\u0131yla <strong>BM Genel Kurulunda reddedilmi\u015ftir.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-1990-ve-2003-korfez-savaslari\" data-tk-source=\"77\"><strong>1990 ve 2003 K\u00f6rfez Sava\u015flar\u0131<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"78\"><strong>Kuveyt&#8217;in \u0130\u015fgali (1990):<\/strong> \u0130ran-Irak Sava\u015f\u0131&#8217;ndan \u00e7\u0131kan Irak Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 <strong>Saddam H\u00fcseyin<\/strong>, petrol gelirleri i\u00e7in Kuveyt&#8217;i i\u015fgal etmi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"79\"><strong>\u00c7\u00f6l F\u0131rt\u0131nas\u0131 Operasyonu:<\/strong> K\u00fcresel petrol ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 korumak isteyen ABD liderli\u011findeki koalisyon, <strong>17 Ocak 1991&#8217;de<\/strong> Irak&#8217;a askeri m\u00fcdahalede bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-11-eylul-sonrasi-abd-dis-politikasi\" data-tk-source=\"80\"><strong>11 Eyl\u00fcl Sonras\u0131 ABD D\u0131\u015f Politikas\u0131<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"81\"><strong>11 Eyl\u00fcl Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 (2001):<\/strong> <strong>El Kaide<\/strong>&#8216;nin ABD merkezine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar, ter\u00f6r\u00fcn k\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7leri vurabilece\u011fini kan\u0131tlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"82\"><strong>Yeni ABD Doktrini:<\/strong> ABD, <strong>&#8220;Ya bizimlesiniz ya kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zdas\u0131n&#8221;<\/strong> diyerek sald\u0131rgan bir d\u0131\u015f politika ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"83\"><strong>Afganistan&#8217;\u0131n \u0130\u015fgali:<\/strong> <strong>Taliban<\/strong>&#8216;\u0131n, <strong>Usame Bin Ladin<\/strong>&#8216;i teslim etmemesini gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6steren ABD ve \u0130ngiltere, <strong>7 Ekim 2001&#8217;de<\/strong> operasyona ba\u015flay\u0131p <strong>13 Kas\u0131m 2001&#8217;de Kabil&#8217;e<\/strong> girmi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"84\"><strong>Ter\u00f6r \u00d6rg\u00fctleri:<\/strong> <strong>El Kaide<\/strong> (SSCB i\u015fgali d\u00f6neminde Usame Bin Ladin kurdu), <strong>Taliban<\/strong> (K\u00f6kten dinci milis kuvvetler).<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"85\"><strong>G\u00fcney Sudan&#8217;\u0131n Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (2011):<\/strong> ABD&#8217;nin \u00c7in etkisini k\u0131rmak ve petrol\u00fc kontrol etmek amac\u0131yla verdi\u011fi destekle <strong>9 Temmuz 2011&#8217;de<\/strong> ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmu\u015ftur.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-orta-dogu-da-su-sorunu\" data-tk-source=\"86\"><strong>Orta Do\u011fu\u2019da Su Sorunu<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"87\"><strong>Su Sava\u015flar\u0131 Potansiyeli:<\/strong> Petrol zengini olan b\u00f6lgenin tatl\u0131 su fakiri olmas\u0131, \u00fclkeler aras\u0131 diplomatik kriz sebebidir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"88\"><strong>S\u0131n\u0131r A\u015fan Sular:<\/strong> <strong>Asi, Dicle<\/strong> ve <strong>F\u0131rat<\/strong> nehirlerinin payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 stratejik bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"89\"><strong>T\u00fcrkiye-Suriye-Irak Krizi:<\/strong> 1960&#8217;lardan sonra dev baraj projeleriyle ili\u015fkiler bozulmu\u015ftur. T\u00fcrkiye &#8220;e\u015fit egemenlik&#8221; iddialar\u0131n\u0131 reddetmektedir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"90\"><strong>Bar\u0131\u015f Suyu Projesi (1986):<\/strong> Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 <strong>Turgut \u00d6zal<\/strong>, b\u00f6lgeye su ta\u015f\u0131mak ve gerilimi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in bu vizyoner projeyi sunmu\u015ftur.<\/li><\/ul><\/section><section class=\"tk-kart\"><h2 id=\"tk-kuresellesen-dunyadaki-ekonomik-sosyokulturel-ve-bilimsel-gelismeler\" data-tk-source=\"91\"><strong>K\u00dcRESELLE\u015eEN D\u00dcNYADAK\u0130 EKONOM\u0130K, SOSYOK\u00dcLT\u00dcREL VE B\u0130L\u0130MSEL GEL\u0130\u015eMELER<\/strong><\/h2><h3 id=\"tk-1980-sonrasi-abd-ve-avrupa-daki-neoliberal-ekonomik-politikalar\" data-tk-source=\"92\"><strong>1980 Sonras\u0131 ABD ve Avrupa\u2019daki Neoliberal Ekonomik Politikalar<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"93\"><strong>Neoliberalizm:<\/strong> &#8220;B\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z yaps\u0131nlar, b\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z ge\u00e7sinler&#8221; ilkesinin modern h\u00e2lidir. Kamunun k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmesi, serbest ticaret ve yabanc\u0131 sermaye esas\u0131na dayan\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"94\"><strong>\u00d6nc\u00fc Liderler:<\/strong> \u0130ngiltere Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 <strong>Margaret Thatcher<\/strong> ve ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 <strong>Ronald Reagan<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-insan-hayatinda-uydu-ve-iletisim-teknolojisi\" data-tk-source=\"95\"><strong>\u0130nsan Hayat\u0131nda Uydu ve \u0130leti\u015fim Teknolojisi<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"96\"><strong>Kritik Teknoloji:<\/strong> Uydular; savunma, navigasyon, haritac\u0131l\u0131k ve mobil ileti\u015fimde vazge\u00e7ilmezdir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"97\"><strong>\u0130nternetin Paradoksu:<\/strong> Genel A\u011f (\u0130nternet) b\u00fcy\u00fck f\u0131rsatlar sunarken, <strong>toplum i\u00e7i yaln\u0131zl\u0131k<\/strong> ve <strong>ileti\u015fimsizlik<\/strong> gibi psikolojik krizler yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-saglik-alanindaki-gelismeler\" data-tk-source=\"98\"><strong>Sa\u011fl\u0131k Alan\u0131ndaki Geli\u015fmeler<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"99\"><strong>Tarihi Organ Nakilleri:<\/strong> \u0130nsandan insana ilk organ naklini <strong>1933&#8217;te SSCB&#8217;de Yu Yu Voronoy<\/strong>; ilk ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 b\u00f6brek naklini <strong>1954&#8217;te Murray<\/strong> yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"100\"><strong>Klonlama ve K\u00f6k H\u00fccre:<\/strong> D\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk klon canl\u0131s\u0131 <strong>Koyun Dolly (5 Temmuz 1996)<\/strong>, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin <strong>\u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi<\/strong> destekli ilk klon kuzusu <strong>Oyal\u0131 (2007)<\/strong> d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015ftir.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-sinema-endustrisinin-ve-uluslararasi-spor-organizasyonlarinin-kuresel\" data-tk-source=\"101\"><strong>Sinema End\u00fcstrisinin ve Uluslararas\u0131 Spor Organizasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n K\u00fcresel Ekonomiye Etkisi<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"102\"><strong>Hollywood Etkisi:<\/strong> 1990&#8217;larda b\u00fcy\u00fcyen Amerikan sinemas\u0131; t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada yeni t\u00fcketim al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131 ve davran\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imleri olu\u015fturarak k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc derinden etkilemi\u015ftir.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-eglence-kulturunde-yasanan-degisim\" data-tk-source=\"103\"><strong>E\u011flence K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde Ya\u015fanan De\u011fi\u015fim<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"104\"><strong>M\u00fczikte Toplumsal Muhalefet:<\/strong> Graffiti, break dance ve rap unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan <strong>hip hop k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc<\/strong>, Amerika&#8217;da ezilen kitlelerin muhalefet arac\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"105\"><strong>Dijital Oyun End\u00fcstrisi:<\/strong> Konsol ve PC oyunlar\u0131 (aksiyon, <strong>RPG<\/strong>) devasa bir sekt\u00f6re d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ferek sanal k\u00fclt\u00fcr in\u015fa etmi\u015ftir.<\/li><\/ul><\/section><section class=\"tk-kart\"><h2 id=\"tk-kuresellesen-dunyada-one-cikan-olay-ve-olgular\" data-tk-source=\"106\"><strong>K\u00dcRESELLE\u015eEN D\u00dcNYADA \u00d6NE \u00c7IKAN OLAY VE OLGULAR<\/strong><\/h2><h3 id=\"tk-arap-bahari\" data-tk-source=\"107\"><strong>Arap Bahar\u0131<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"108\"><strong>Orta Do\u011fu\u2019nun \u00d6neminin De\u011fi\u015fimi:<\/strong> Co\u011frafi Ke\u015fifler ile azalan \u00f6nem, <strong>S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131<\/strong>&#8216;n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 ve petrol merkezi olmas\u0131yla yeniden zirveye \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"109\"><strong>Bat\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n Tutumu:<\/strong> Mandater sistemle yer alt\u0131 zenginliklerini s\u00f6m\u00fcren Bat\u0131, diktat\u00f6rl\u00fckleri demokrasiye tercih etmi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"110\"><strong>K\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131m (Tunus):<\/strong> <strong>17 Aral\u0131k 2010\u2019da Tunus\u2019ta Muhammed Buazizi<\/strong> adl\u0131 gencin kendini yakmas\u0131yla diktat\u00f6rlere kar\u015f\u0131 olaylar ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"111\"><strong>Yay\u0131lma:<\/strong> M\u0131s\u0131r, Yemen, Libya, Suriye gibi \u00fclkelere s\u0131\u00e7ram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"112\"><strong>Kavram\u0131n K\u00f6keni:<\/strong> T\u0131pk\u0131 <strong>G\u00fcl Devrimi (G\u00fcrcistan)<\/strong>, <strong>Turuncu Devrim (Ukrayna)<\/strong> ve <strong>Prag Bahar\u0131 (\u00c7ekoslovakya)<\/strong> gibi bu s\u00fcrece de <strong>Arap Bahar\u0131<\/strong> denilmi\u015ftir.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"113\"><strong>Sosyal Medyan\u0131n G\u00fcc\u00fc:<\/strong> Twitter ve Facebook isyanda kilit rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"114\"><strong>Genel Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong> Y\u00f6netimi de\u011fi\u015fen \u00fclkeler oldu\u011fu gibi, de\u011fi\u015fmeyenler ve sonucunda devasa bir <strong>m\u00fclteci sorunu<\/strong> do\u011furan \u00fclkeler de olmu\u015ftur.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-ulkelere-gore-arap-bahari\" data-tk-source=\"115\"><strong>\u00dclkelere G\u00f6re Arap Bahar\u0131:<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"116\"><strong>Tunus (Yasemin Devrimi):<\/strong> <strong>18 Aral\u0131k 2010<\/strong> olaylar\u0131yla 23 y\u0131ll\u0131k lider <strong>Zeynel Abidin Bin Ali<\/strong> ka\u00e7t\u0131. Se\u00e7imlerle <strong>Nahda Hareketi<\/strong> lideri <strong>Ra\u015fid Gannu\u015f\u00ee<\/strong> h\u00fck\u00fcmeti kurdu.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"117\"><strong>M\u0131s\u0131r:<\/strong> 30 y\u0131ll\u0131k lider <strong>H\u00fcsn\u00fc M\u00fcbarek<\/strong> hapsedildi. Se\u00e7imleri <strong>H\u00fcrriyet ve Adalet Partisi<\/strong> kazand\u0131, <strong>Muhammed Mursi<\/strong> cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 oldu.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"118\"><strong>Libya:<\/strong> 42 y\u0131ll\u0131k lider <strong>Muammer Kaddafi<\/strong> \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. \u0130dareyi Ge\u00e7i\u015f Konseyi ald\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"119\"><strong>Suriye:<\/strong> <strong>15 Mart 2011\u2019de<\/strong> ba\u015flad\u0131. <strong>Esad<\/strong> rejimi <strong>Rusya, \u0130ran<\/strong> ve <strong>\u00c7in<\/strong> deste\u011fiyle direndi, olaylar uluslararas\u0131 bir i\u00e7 sava\u015fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"120\"><strong>Yemen:<\/strong> <strong>27 Ocak 2011\u2019de Husilerin isyan\u0131<\/strong> ile 33 y\u0131ll\u0131k lider <strong>Abdullah Salih<\/strong> iktidar\u0131 b\u0131rakt\u0131.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-multeci-sorunu-ve-bu-soruna-devletlerin-yaklasimi\" data-tk-source=\"121\"><strong>M\u00fclteci Sorunu ve Bu Soruna Devletlerin Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"122\"><strong>K\u00fcresel Tablo (2016 Sonu):<\/strong> <strong>65,6 milyon<\/strong> zorla g\u00f6\u00e7 ettirilen insan, <strong>2,8 milyon<\/strong> s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"123\"><strong>En Sorunlu B\u00f6lge:<\/strong> M\u00fclteci krizinin merkez \u00fcss\u00fc <strong>Orta Do\u011fu (Irak ve Suriye)<\/strong> oldu.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"124\"><strong>Suriye Krizi:<\/strong> <strong>15 Mart 2011 Arap Bahar\u0131<\/strong> i\u00e7 sava\u015fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce milyonlarca Suriyeli m\u00fclteci oldu.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"125\"><strong>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin Tutumu:<\/strong> Ensar-muhacir ruhuyla 2017 itibar\u0131yla <strong>95 milyar TL<\/strong> (24 milyar\u0131 devletten) yard\u0131m yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-siber-dunya-ve-etkileri\" data-tk-source=\"126\"><strong>Siber D\u00fcnya ve Etkileri<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"127\"><strong>Genel A\u011f (\u0130nternet):<\/strong> Mek\u00e2n kavram\u0131n\u0131 bitiren anl\u0131k bilgi a\u011f\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"128\"><strong>Yeni Tehdit Alan\u0131:<\/strong> So\u011fuk Sava\u015f rekabeti siber alana kayd\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"129\"><strong>K\u00fcresel Skandallar:<\/strong> <strong>WikiLeaks<\/strong> Belgeleri ve ABD Ulusal G\u00fcvenlik Ajans\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n (<strong>NSA<\/strong>) kanunsuz dinlemeleri.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"130\"><strong>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye Y\u00f6nelik Siber Tehditler:<\/strong> <strong>Gezi Park\u0131 Olaylar\u0131<\/strong>&#8216;nda d\u0131\u015f merkezli siteler, <strong>15 Temmuz Darbe Giri\u015fimi<\/strong>&#8216;nde ise <strong>Bylock<\/strong> vb. mobil programlar kullan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"131\"><strong>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin \u00d6nlemleri:<\/strong> <strong>B\u0130T<\/strong> (Bilgi Teknolojileri ve \u0130leti\u015fim Kurumu), <strong>T\u0130B<\/strong> (Telekom\u00fcnikasyon \u0130leti\u015fim Merkezi), <strong>USOM<\/strong> (Ulusal Siber Olaylara M\u00fcdahale Merkezi).<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"132\"><strong>\u00d6nemli Kavramlar:<\/strong> <strong>Siber Tehdit<\/strong> (Zarar g\u00f6rme ihtimali), <strong>Siber Sald\u0131r\u0131<\/strong> (Kas\u0131tl\u0131 gizlilik bozma eylemi), <strong>Sosyal Medya<\/strong> (K\u00fcresel y\u00f6nlendirme arac\u0131).<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-kapitalizm-ve-endustriyel-uretimin-topluma-etkileri\" data-tk-source=\"133\"><strong>Kapitalizm ve End\u00fcstriyel \u00dcretimin Topluma Etkileri<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"134\"><strong>Sistem De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi:<\/strong> II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 karma model, 1990&#8217;larda SSCB&#8217;nin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131yla yerini <strong>Kapitalizme<\/strong> b\u0131rakt\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"135\"><strong>Kapitalizm:<\/strong> \u00dcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyette oldu\u011fu serbest piyasa.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"136\"><strong>Kitle \u0130mha Silahlar\u0131:<\/strong> Biyolojik, kimyasal ve n\u00fckleer silahlar. Teknolojinin geli\u015fmesi y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve silahlanma yar\u0131\u015f\u0131 h\u0131zlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li><\/ul><\/section><section class=\"tk-kart\"><h2 id=\"tk-1990-sonrasi-turk-dis-politikasindaki-gelismeler\" data-tk-source=\"137\"><strong>1990 SONRASI T\u00dcRK DI\u015e POL\u0130T\u0130KASINDAK\u0130 GEL\u0130\u015eMELER<\/strong><\/h2><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"138\"><strong>K\u0131r\u0131lma Noktas\u0131:<\/strong> <strong>1991&#8217;de SSCB&#8217;nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131yla<\/strong> iki kutuplu d\u00fcnya bitti.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"139\"><strong>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin Yeni Rota Aray\u0131\u015f\u0131:<\/strong> <strong>AB&#8217;ye \u00fcyelik<\/strong> ad\u0131mlar\u0131, <strong>T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetleri\/Balkanlar<\/strong> ile s\u0131cak temas, <strong>11 Eyl\u00fcl sonras\u0131 ABD&#8217;nin Orta Do\u011fu<\/strong> politikalar\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden ya\u015fanan ciddi sorunlar.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-bulgaristan-daki-turkler-ve-turkiye-bulgaristan-iliskileri\" data-tk-source=\"140\"><strong>Bulgaristan\u2019daki T\u00fcrkler ve T\u00fcrkiye-Bulgaristan \u0130li\u015fkileri<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"141\"><strong>Zorunlu Asimilasyon:<\/strong> Lider <strong>Theodor Jivkov<\/strong> d\u00f6neminde (<strong>1984-1985<\/strong>) T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa zorla isim de\u011fi\u015ftirme politikas\u0131 uyguland\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"142\"><strong>B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6\u00e7:<\/strong> S\u0131n\u0131rlar a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131, II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131&#8217;ndan beri g\u00f6r\u00fclen <strong>ilk en b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6\u00e7 dalgas\u0131<\/strong> ya\u015fand\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"143\"><strong>Rejimin Sonu:<\/strong> <strong>29 Aral\u0131k 1989&#8217;da Jivkov<\/strong> rejimi y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131nca haklar geri verildi.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"144\"><strong>Siyasi Kriz:<\/strong> <strong>Demokratik G\u00fc\u00e7ler Birli\u011fi (DGB)<\/strong> ile T\u00fcrkleri temsil eden <strong>Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler Hareketi<\/strong> \u00e7at\u0131\u015ft\u0131 (<strong>1993-1996 ekonomik g\u00f6\u00e7lerine<\/strong> sebep oldu).<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-turkiye-nin-turk-cumhuriyetleri-kafkaslar-balkanlar-ve-orta-dogu-polit\" data-tk-source=\"145\"><strong>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetleri, Kafkaslar, Balkanlar ve Orta Do\u011fu Politikalar\u0131<\/strong><\/h3><h3 id=\"tk-a-turk-cumhuriyetleri\" data-tk-source=\"146\"><strong>A) T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetleri<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"147\"><strong>Diplomatik At\u0131l\u0131m:<\/strong> <strong>1991<\/strong>&#8216;de ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olan devletleri ilk tan\u0131yan T\u00fcrkiye oldu.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"148\"><strong>Kurumlar (1992):<\/strong> <strong>T\u0130KA<\/strong> (T\u00fcrk \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi Kalk\u0131nma \u0130daresi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131) ve <strong>DE\u0130K<\/strong> (D\u0131\u015f Ekonomik \u0130li\u015fkiler Kurulu) kuruldu. (Ek bilgi: <strong>1993&#8217;te T\u00dcRKSOY<\/strong> kuruldu).<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"149\"><strong>S\u00f6ylemler ve Tepkiler:<\/strong> <strong>&#8220;Adriyatik\u2019ten \u00c7in Seddi\u2019ne T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131&#8221;<\/strong> s\u00f6ylemi <strong>Rusya<\/strong> ve <strong>\u0130ran<\/strong>&#8216;\u0131 rahats\u0131z etti. <strong>1992 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Konu\u015fan \u00dclkeler Zirvesi<\/strong> tam ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015famad\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"150\"><strong>Enerji Kazan\u0131m\u0131:<\/strong> Hazar Havzas\u0131 enerjisinin d\u00fcnya pazar\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 en b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"151\"><strong>E\u011fitim:<\/strong> Kazakistan&#8217;da <strong>T\u00fcrk-Kazak Uluslararas\u0131 Hoca Ahmet Yesevi \u00dcniversitesi<\/strong>, K\u0131rg\u0131zistan&#8217;da <strong>K\u0131rg\u0131zistan-T\u00fcrkiye Manas \u00dcniversitesi<\/strong> kuruldu.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-b-kafkasya\" data-tk-source=\"152\"><strong>B) Kafkasya<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"153\"><strong>Azerbaycan \u0130li\u015fkileri:<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olan Azerbaycan&#8217;\u0131 (Ek Bilgi: <strong>18 Ekim 1991 Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k \u0130lan\u0131<\/strong>) tan\u0131yan ilk \u00fclke oldu (<strong>9 Kas\u0131m 1991<\/strong>).<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"154\"><strong>Destek:<\/strong> <strong>Yukar\u0131 Karaba\u011f<\/strong> sorununda kay\u0131ts\u0131z \u015farts\u0131z destek verildi.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"155\"><strong>Enerji:<\/strong> <strong>BTC<\/strong> (Bak\u00fc-Tiflis-Ceyhan) ve <strong>BTE<\/strong> (Bak\u00fc-Tiflis-Erzurum) hatlar\u0131. Nabucco Projesi yerine <strong>TANAP (Trans Anadolu Do\u011fal Gaz Boru Hatt\u0131)<\/strong> kuruldu.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"156\"><strong>Yat\u0131r\u0131m:<\/strong> <strong>SOCAR<\/strong> (Azerbaycan Devlet Petrol \u015eirketi) T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye en fazla yat\u0131r\u0131m yapan yabanc\u0131 \u015firket oldu.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"157\"><strong>G\u00fcrcistan \u0130li\u015fkileri:<\/strong> <strong>16 Aral\u0131k 1991<\/strong>&#8216;de ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131nd\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"158\"><strong>Ankara Deklarasyonu (29 Ekim 1998):<\/strong> Azerbaycan, Kazakistan, T\u00fcrkiye, \u00d6zbekistan, G\u00fcrcistan imzalad\u0131 (Do\u011fal gaz\/petrol ta\u015f\u0131ma hedefi).<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"159\"><strong>Ermenistan \u0130li\u015fkileri:<\/strong> Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131n\u0131p <strong>KE\u0130 (Karadeniz Ekonomik \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi)<\/strong> kurucu \u00fcyesi yap\u0131lsa da, <strong>1915 Olaylar\u0131 iddialar\u0131<\/strong> ve <strong>Karaba\u011f&#8217;\u0131n i\u015fgali<\/strong> sebebiyle ili\u015fkiler geli\u015fmedi.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-c-balkanlar\" data-tk-source=\"160\"><strong>C) Balkanlar<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"161\"><strong>Yunanistan \u0130li\u015fkileri:<\/strong> <strong>1990&#8217;larda M\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fck sorunu<\/strong>, <strong>1996&#8217;da Kardak Krizi<\/strong>, <strong>1997 L\u00fcksemburg AB Zirvesi&#8217;nde veto<\/strong>. <strong>1999&#8217;da \u00d6calan&#8217;\u0131n Yunan B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011finde yakalanmas\u0131<\/strong> krizi.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"162\"><strong>Yumu\u015fama:<\/strong> <strong>1999 Marmara ve Atina Depremlerinde<\/strong> kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 yard\u0131mlarla <strong>&#8220;Deprem Diplomasisi&#8221;<\/strong> ya\u015fand\u0131. (Ek bilgi: <strong>2004 Annan Plan\u0131<\/strong> ile K\u0131br\u0131s&#8217;ta \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm denense de Rumlar reddetti).<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"163\"><strong>Bosna-Hersek &amp; Kosova:<\/strong> Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck diplomatik ve askeri (NATO arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla) destek verildi.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"164\"><strong>Arnavutluk &amp; Bulgaristan:<\/strong> <strong>KE\u0130<\/strong> ve <strong>\u0130K\u00d6<\/strong> \u00fcyeliklerine destek verildi.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-d-orta-dogu\" data-tk-source=\"165\"><strong>D) Orta Do\u011fu<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"166\"><strong>Suriye \u0130li\u015fkileri:<\/strong> <strong>F\u0131rat\/Dicle<\/strong> su sorunu, Hatay emelleri ve <strong>PKK deste\u011fi<\/strong>.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"167\"><strong>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong> <strong>1998 Adana Mutabakat\u0131<\/strong> ile Suriye PKK militanlar\u0131n\u0131 teslim etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"168\"><strong>Alt\u0131n \u00c7a\u011f:<\/strong> <strong>2009&#8217;da Be\u015far Esad<\/strong> ziyaretiyle vizeler kalkt\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"169\"><strong>Kopu\u015f:<\/strong> <strong>2011 Arap Bahar\u0131<\/strong>&#8216;nda Esad&#8217;\u0131n sivil katliam\u0131yla ili\u015fkiler koptu, <strong>\u00d6SO (\u00d6zg\u00fcr Suriye Ordusu)<\/strong> desteklendi.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"170\"><strong>\u0130ran \u0130li\u015fkileri:<\/strong> 1990&#8217;larda rejim ihrac\u0131 gerginli\u011fi, 2002 sonras\u0131 <strong>&#8220;s\u0131f\u0131r sorun&#8221;<\/strong> politikas\u0131yla ivme kazand\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"171\"><strong>\u0130srail \u0130li\u015fkileri:<\/strong> 1990&#8217;larda ortak g\u00fcvenlik kayg\u0131s\u0131yla stratejik ortakl\u0131k varken, Filistin zulm\u00fc sebebiyle bozuldu. <strong>Davos Krizi (&#8220;One Minute&#8221;)<\/strong>, <strong>Al\u00e7ak Koltuk Krizi<\/strong> ve nihayetinde <strong>31 May\u0131s 2010 Mavi Marmara Bask\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> ile koptu.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"172\"><strong>Irak ve K\u00f6rfez Sava\u015f\u0131:<\/strong> I. K\u00f6rfez Sava\u015f\u0131&#8217;nda ABD desteklendi, <strong>Kerk\u00fck-Yumurtal\u0131k Hatt\u0131<\/strong> kapat\u0131ld\u0131 (100 milyar dolar zarar).<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"173\"><strong>2003 Irak \u0130\u015fgali:<\/strong> <strong>1 Mart Tezkeresi<\/strong> TBMM&#8217;den ge\u00e7meyince ABD K\u00fcrt gruplara yana\u015ft\u0131. <strong>S\u00fcleymaniye Krizi (\u00c7uval Olay\u0131)<\/strong> ya\u015fand\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"174\"><strong>Uluslararas\u0131 Stat\u00fc:<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye; <strong>Arap Birli\u011fi<\/strong> ve <strong>Afrika Birli\u011fi<\/strong>&#8216;nde g\u00f6zlemci stat\u00fcs\u00fc kazand\u0131.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-irak-ve-suriye-deki-siyasi-gelismelerin-bolgeye-etkileri\" data-tk-source=\"175\"><strong>Irak ve Suriye\u2019deki Siyasi Geli\u015fmelerin B\u00f6lgeye Etkileri<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"176\"><strong>Suriye \u0130\u00e7 Sava\u015f\u0131:<\/strong> <strong>2011&#8217;de<\/strong> ba\u015flad\u0131. <strong>\u00d6SO<\/strong> ve <strong>Esed<\/strong> \u00e7at\u0131\u015ft\u0131 (Rusya\/\u00c7in Esed&#8217;i korudu).<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"177\"><strong>F\u0131rat Kalkan\u0131 Operasyonu:<\/strong> S\u0131n\u0131r\u0131m\u0131zdaki ter\u00f6r\u00fc bitirmek i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlendi.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"178\"><strong>M\u00fclteci Etkisi:<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye ahlaki sorumlulukla milyonlar\u0131 ald\u0131 ancak i\u00e7 g\u00fcvenlik riskleri artt\u0131.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-kuresel-terorizm\" data-tk-source=\"179\"><strong>K\u00fcresel Ter\u00f6rizm<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"180\"><strong>Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7:<\/strong> <strong>Usame bin Ladin<\/strong> liderli\u011findeki <strong>El Kaide<\/strong> ile ba\u015flad\u0131 (<strong>11 Eyl\u00fcl Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131<\/strong>).<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"181\"><strong>DEA\u015e&#8217;\u0131n Do\u011fu\u015fu:<\/strong> <strong>2003 ABD&#8217;nin Irak i\u015fgali<\/strong> sonras\u0131 do\u011fdu. <strong>8 Nisan 2013&#8217;te El Ba\u011fdadi<\/strong> &#8220;Irak ve \u015eam \u0130slam Devleti&#8221;ni ilan etti.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"182\"><strong>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;ye Tehdit:<\/strong> 1980&#8217;lerden beri en b\u00fcy\u00fck tehdit olan <strong>PKK<\/strong>&#8216;n\u0131n Suriye uzant\u0131s\u0131 <strong>PYD\/YPG<\/strong>, bug\u00fcn ABD taraf\u0131ndan desteklenmektedir.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-turk-kizilayi\" data-tk-source=\"183\"><strong>T\u00fcrk K\u0131z\u0131lay\u0131<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"184\"><strong>Misyonu:<\/strong> Din\/\u0131rk ayr\u0131m\u0131 yapmadan bar\u0131nma ve beslenme kar\u015f\u0131lar. (Filistin, Sudan, Arakan, Somali vb.)<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"185\"><strong>Suriye Krizi:<\/strong> 3 milyondan fazla s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir.<\/li><\/ul><\/section><section class=\"tk-kart\"><h2 id=\"tk-1990-sonrasi-turkiye-de-yasanan-siyasi-ekonomik-sosyokulturel-ve-bilim\" data-tk-source=\"186\"><strong>1990 SONRASI T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019DE YA\u015eANAN S\u0130YAS\u0130, EKONOM\u0130K, SOSYOK\u00dcLT\u00dcREL VE B\u0130L\u0130MSEL GEL\u0130\u015eMELER<\/strong><\/h2><h3 id=\"tk-1990-sonrasi-turkiye-de-yasanan-ekonomik-gelismeler\" data-tk-source=\"187\"><strong>1990 Sonras\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Ya\u015fanan Ekonomik Geli\u015fmeler<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"188\"><strong>1994 Krizi:<\/strong> Kamu harcamalar\u0131 kaynakl\u0131 patlad\u0131. <strong>5 Nisan 1994 Kararlar\u0131<\/strong> al\u0131nd\u0131. <strong>IMF ile Stand-by Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong> imzaland\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"189\"><strong>Bor\u00e7 Sarmal\u0131:<\/strong> Ekim 2000&#8217;de i\u00e7 bor\u00e7 50 milyar dolara ula\u015ft\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"190\"><strong>2000 Reformlar\u0131:<\/strong> Para basma yetkisi <strong>Merkez Bankas\u0131na<\/strong> verildi. <strong>BDDK<\/strong> kuruldu.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"191\"><strong>2001 Krizi (Kara \u00c7ar\u015famba):<\/strong> <strong>19 \u015eubat 2001<\/strong>&#8216;de Ba\u015fbakan <strong>B\u00fclent Ecevit<\/strong> ile Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 <strong>Ahmet Necdet Sezer<\/strong> aras\u0131ndaki <strong>&#8220;Anayasa kitap\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 f\u0131rlatma&#8221;<\/strong> krizi piyasalar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6kertti (Gecelik faiz %7500).<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"192\"><strong>2008 K\u00fcresel Ekonomik Krizi:<\/strong> ABD&#8217;de patlak veren (1929&#8217;dan sonraki en b\u00fcy\u00fck) kriz. T\u00fcrkiye; <strong>TCMB<\/strong> faiz indirimi ve <strong>Varl\u0131k Bar\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/strong> yasas\u0131yla \u00f6nlem ald\u0131.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-28-subat-postmodern-darbesi\" data-tk-source=\"193\"><strong>28 \u015eubat Postmodern Darbesi<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"194\"><strong>Neden Postmodern?<\/strong> Silah zoruyla de\u011fil; yarg\u0131, medya, STK bask\u0131s\u0131yla h\u00fck\u00fcmet istifaya zorland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"195\"><strong>Hedef:<\/strong> <strong>Ba\u015fbakan Necmettin Erbakan<\/strong> liderli\u011findeki <strong>Refah-Yol H\u00fck\u00fbmeti<\/strong> (&#8220;\u0130rtica&#8221; bahanesiyle).<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"196\"><strong>S\u00fcre\u00e7:<\/strong> <strong>28 \u015eubat 1997 MGK bildirisinde<\/strong> al\u0131nan kararlarla siyasi alan daralt\u0131ld\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"197\"><strong>Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong> H\u00fck\u00fcmet istifa etti. Devlet-mafya-siyaset ili\u015fkisini d\u00f6ken <strong>Susurluk Kazas\u0131<\/strong> unutturuldu. <strong>MGK<\/strong>, \u00fcst g\u00fc\u00e7 haline geldi.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-etnik-ideolojik-ve-mezhep-temelli-catismalar\" data-tk-source=\"198\"><strong>Etnik, \u0130deolojik ve Mezhep Temelli \u00c7at\u0131\u015fmalar<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"199\"><strong>K\u00fcresel Oyunlar:<\/strong> D\u00fcnyadaki tek &#8220;M\u00fcsl\u00fcman, demokratik ve laik&#8221; model olan T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de S\u00fcnni-Alevi, laik-antilaik \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 k\u00f6r\u00fcklendi.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"200\"><strong>PKK Ter\u00f6r\u00fc:<\/strong> 1990&#8217;larda sivil eylemleri \u015fiddetlendi, toplumun birlikte ya\u015fama iradesi oyunlar\u0131 bozdu.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-gezi-parki-olaylari\" data-tk-source=\"201\"><strong>Gezi Park\u0131 Olaylar\u0131<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"202\"><strong>S\u00fcre\u00e7:<\/strong> <strong>Taksim Top\u00e7u K\u0131\u015flas\u0131<\/strong> projesi kapsam\u0131nda <strong>4 Ekim 2012<\/strong> a\u011fa\u00e7 s\u00f6k\u00fcmleriyle ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"203\"><strong>K\u0131r\u0131lma:<\/strong> <strong>29 May\u0131s 2013<\/strong>&#8216;te polisin sert m\u00fcdahalesi eylemleri b\u00fcy\u00fctt\u00fc.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"204\"><strong>Platform:<\/strong> <strong>Taksim Dayan\u0131\u015fma Platformu<\/strong>, devletin kalk\u0131nma projelerinin iptalini istedi. A\u011fa\u00e7 meselesi h\u00fck\u00fcmet kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve yak\u0131p y\u0131kmaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-feto-ve-15-temmuz\" data-tk-source=\"205\"><strong>FET\u00d6 ve 15 Temmuz<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"206\"><strong>FET\u00d6\/PDY:<\/strong> Taban\u0131 ibadet, ortas\u0131 ticaret, tavan\u0131 ihanet olan ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc. Eleba\u015f\u0131 <strong>Fetullah G\u00fclen<\/strong> 1999&#8217;da ABD&#8217;ye (Pensilvanya) ka\u00e7t\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"207\"><strong>Siyasi Sald\u0131r\u0131lar:<\/strong> <strong>17\/25 Aral\u0131k 2013<\/strong> Darbe Giri\u015fimi ile emniyet\/yarg\u0131 \u00fczerinden milli iradeye sald\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"208\"><strong>15 Temmuz 2016 \u0130\u015fgal Giri\u015fimi:<\/strong> TSK i\u00e7ine s\u0131zan \u00fcniformal\u0131 ter\u00f6ristler harekete ge\u00e7ti.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"209\"><strong>Geli\u015fmeler:<\/strong> TRT bas\u0131larak darbe bildirisi okundu. <strong>Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan<\/strong>, milleti meydanlara \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131. TBMM ve G\u00f6lba\u015f\u0131 bombaland\u0131.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"210\"><strong>Sembol \u0130sim:<\/strong> \u00d6zel Kuvvetleri darbecilerden korurken \u015fehit d\u00fc\u015fen <strong>Astsubay \u00d6mer Halisdemir<\/strong> (Ni\u011fde \u00dcniversitesine ismi verildi).<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"211\"><strong>Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong> <strong>16 Temmuz<\/strong>&#8216;da darbe bast\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131, <strong>250 \u015fehit<\/strong> verildi.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-bilime-hizmet-eden-dort-turk-bilim-insani\" data-tk-source=\"212\"><strong>Bilime Hizmet Eden D\u00f6rt T\u00fcrk Bilim \u0130nsan\u0131<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"213\"><strong>Prof. Dr. Oktay Sinano\u011flu:<\/strong> Yale \u00dcniversitesinde 26 ya\u015f\u0131nda profes\u00f6r oldu (<strong>&#8220;Son 300 y\u0131l\u0131n en gen\u00e7 profes\u00f6r\u00fc&#8221;<\/strong>). T\u00fcrk\u00e7e e\u011fitim m\u00fccadelesi verdi.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"214\"><strong>Prof. Dr. Aziz Sancar:<\/strong> Hasarl\u0131 DNA onar\u0131m\u0131 mekanizmas\u0131 bulu\u015fuyla <strong>2015 Nobel Kimya \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc<\/strong>&#8216;n\u00fc ald\u0131 (Bilim dal\u0131nda Nobel alan ilk T\u00fcrk).<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"215\"><strong>Prof. Dr. Fuat Sezgin:<\/strong> 1960 darbesiyle (147&#8217;ler) at\u0131l\u0131nca Almanya&#8217;ya gitti. **17 ciltlik &#8220;Arap-\u0130slam Bilim Tarihi&#8221;**ni yazd\u0131. <strong>G\u00fclhane Park\u0131 \u0130slam Bilim Tarihi M\u00fczesi<\/strong>&#8216;ni kurdu.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"216\"><strong>Ordinary\u00fcs Prof. Dr. Gazi Ya\u015fargil:<\/strong> Parkinson tedavisi i\u00e7in ameliyatlar geli\u015ftirdi. <strong>&#8220;Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n Beyin Cerrah\u0131&#8221;<\/strong> unvan\u0131na sahip d\u00fcnyadaki 50 efsanevi hekimden biridir.<\/li><\/ul><h3 id=\"tk-turkiye-deki-bilimsel-ve-teknolojik-gelismeler\" data-tk-source=\"217\"><strong>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Geli\u015fmeler<\/strong><\/h3><ul class=\"tk-liste\"><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"218\"><strong>T\u00dcRKSAT:<\/strong> Haberle\u015fme uydular\u0131. <strong>3USAT (2013)<\/strong> ilk yerli tasar\u0131md\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"219\"><strong>ANKA (2010):<\/strong> TUSA\u015e taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilen <strong>\u0130nsans\u0131z Hava Arac\u0131 (\u0130HA)<\/strong>.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"220\"><strong>H\u00dcRKU\u015e (2013):<\/strong> Yerli <strong>e\u011fitim u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131zd\u0131r<\/strong>. Avrupa Sivil Havac\u0131l\u0131k Otoritesi&#8217;nden sertifika alan ilk T\u00fcrk u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"221\"><strong>G\u00d6KT\u00dcRK-2 (2012):<\/strong> TSK istihbarat\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc <strong>yer g\u00f6zlem uydusudur<\/strong>.<\/li><li class=\"tk-liste-maddesi\" data-tk-source=\"222\"><strong>ALTAY (2007-2012):<\/strong> Yeni nesil <strong>mill\u00ee ana muharebe tank\u0131<\/strong> projesidir.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"tk-paragraf\" data-tk-source=\"223\">&#8220;Bu ders notlar\u0131n\u0131n her hakk\u0131 sakl\u0131d\u0131r. Hangi ama\u00e7la olursa olsun, ders notlar\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n veya bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n <strong>www.tarihkursu.com<\/strong><strong> <\/strong>sitesinin yaz\u0131l\u0131 izni olmadan sosyal medyada ve internet ortam\u0131nda payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, kopya edilmesi, foto\u011fraf\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ekilmesi, herhangi bir yolla \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lmas\u0131, yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131 ya da kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 yasakt\u0131r. Bu yasa\u011fa uymayanlar gerekli cezai sorumlulu\u011fu pe\u015finen kabullenmi\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r.&#8221;<\/p><p class=\"tk-paragraf\" data-tk-source=\"224\">Duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in te\u015fekk\u00fcr ederiz. \u0130yi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar<\/p><\/section><\/div><button class=\"tk-basa-don\" type=\"button\" aria-label=\"Ders notunun ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00f6n\" title=\"Ba\u015fa d\u00f6n\">\u2191<\/button><\/article>\n<script>\n(()=>{\"use strict\";document.querySelectorAll(\".tk-ders-notu\").forEach((root)=>{if(root.dataset.tkReady===\"true\")return;root.dataset.tkReady=\"true\";const toc=root.querySelector(\".tk-icindekiler\"),bar=root.querySelector(\".tk-ilerleme-cubugu\"),topButton=root.querySelector(\".tk-basa-don\"),headings=[...root.querySelectorAll(\"h2[id],h3[id]\")],links=[...root.querySelectorAll('.tk-icindekiler a[href^=\"#\"]')];const go=(target)=>{if(target)target.scrollIntoView({behavior:\"smooth\",block:\"start\"});};root.querySelector(\".tk-yazdir\")?.addEventListener(\"click\",()=>window.print());root.querySelector(\".tk-ice-git\")?.addEventListener(\"click\",()=>go(toc));topButton?.addEventListener(\"click\",()=>go(root));links.forEach((link)=>link.addEventListener(\"click\",(event)=>{const id=link.getAttribute(\"href\").slice(1),target=root.querySelector(`#${CSS.escape(id)}`);if(target){event.preventDefault();go(target);history.replaceState(null,\"\",`#${id}`);}}));let ticking=false;const update=()=>{const rect=root.getBoundingClientRect(),view=window.innerHeight||document.documentElement.clientHeight,total=Math.max(root.scrollHeight-view,1),passed=Math.min(Math.max(-rect.top,0),total),percent=Math.round(passed\/total*100);if(bar){bar.style.width=`${percent}%`;bar.parentElement?.setAttribute(\"aria-valuenow\",String(percent));}topButton?.classList.toggle(\"tk-gorunur\",window.scrollY>420);let active=headings[0]?.id||\"\";headings.forEach((heading)=>{if(heading.getBoundingClientRect().top<=Math.max(130,view*.28))active=heading.id;});links.forEach((link)=>{const current=link.getAttribute(\"href\")===`#${active}`;link.classList.toggle(\"tk-etkin\",current);if(current)link.setAttribute(\"aria-current\",\"location\");else link.removeAttribute(\"aria-current\");});ticking=false;};const requestUpdate=()=>{if(!ticking){ticking=true;requestAnimationFrame(update);}};window.addEventListener(\"scroll\",requestUpdate,{passive:true});window.addEventListener(\"resize\",requestUpdate,{passive:true});update();});})();\n<\/script>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>K\u00fcreselle\u015fen D\u00fcnya konular\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan bu i\u00e7erik; K\u00fcreselle\u015fme Kavram\u0131, SSCB\u2019nin Da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetleri\u2019nin Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 Kazanmalar\u0131, Avrupa\u2019da Meydana Gelen Siyasi Geli\u015fmeler, AB ve T\u00fcrkiye ile Orta <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/31\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\/\" title=\"K\u00fcreselle\u015fen D\u00fcnya KPSS Tarih Ders Notlar\u0131| \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk ve D\u00fcnya Tarihi\u00a0\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3459,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_regular_price":[],"currency_symbol":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[349],"tags":[345],"class_list":["post-3448","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kpss-tarih","tag-kpss-tarih"],"post_slider_layout_featured_media_urls":{"thumbnail":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/SITE-KAPAK-150x150.png",150,150,true],"post_slider_layout_landscape_large":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/SITE-KAPAK-1200x800.png",1200,800,true],"post_slider_layout_portrait_large":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/SITE-KAPAK-1200x810.png",1200,810,true],"post_slider_layout_square_large":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/SITE-KAPAK-1200x810.png",1200,810,true],"post_slider_layout_landscape":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/SITE-KAPAK-600x400.png",600,400,true],"post_slider_layout_portrait":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/SITE-KAPAK-600x810.png",600,810,true],"post_slider_layout_square":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/SITE-KAPAK-600x600.png",600,600,true],"full":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/SITE-KAPAK.png",1440,810,false]},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>K\u00fcreselle\u015fen D\u00fcnya KPSS Tarih Ders Notlar\u0131| \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk ve D\u00fcnya Tarihi\u00a0 - tarihkursu.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"K\u00fcreselle\u015fen D\u00fcnya; SSCB\u2019nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131, T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetleri, Avrupa ve Orta Do\u011fu geli\u015fmeleri. KPSS, MEB AGS ve \u00d6ABT i\u00e7in\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/31\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"K\u00fcreselle\u015fen D\u00fcnya KPSS Tarih Ders Notlar\u0131| \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk ve D\u00fcnya Tarihi\u00a0 - tarihkursu.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"K\u00fcreselle\u015fen D\u00fcnya; SSCB\u2019nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131, T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetleri, Avrupa ve Orta Do\u011fu geli\u015fmeleri. KPSS, MEB AGS ve \u00d6ABT i\u00e7in\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/31\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"tarihkursu.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-07-31T15:02:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-31T17:00:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/SITE-KAPAK.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1440\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"810\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"tarihkursu\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"tarihkursu\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"21 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/index.php\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/31\\\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/index.php\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/31\\\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"tarihkursu\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d0f9105e31352dbe9f08d098ffb8c878\"},\"headline\":\"K\u00fcreselle\u015fen D\u00fcnya KPSS Tarih Ders Notlar\u0131| \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk ve D\u00fcnya Tarihi\u00a0\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-31T15:02:37+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-31T17:00:37+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/index.php\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/31\\\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":4768,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4d7bdc3b79e9f5198455474c0f203f3c\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/index.php\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/31\\\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/SITE-KAPAK.png\",\"keywords\":[\"kpss tarih\"],\"articleSection\":[\"KPSS TAR\u0130H\"],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/index.php\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/31\\\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/index.php\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/31\\\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/index.php\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/31\\\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\\\/\",\"name\":\"K\u00fcreselle\u015fen D\u00fcnya KPSS Tarih Ders Notlar\u0131| \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk ve D\u00fcnya Tarihi\u00a0 - tarihkursu.com\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/index.php\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/31\\\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/index.php\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/31\\\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/SITE-KAPAK.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-31T15:02:37+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-31T17:00:37+00:00\",\"description\":\"K\u00fcreselle\u015fen D\u00fcnya; SSCB\u2019nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131, T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetleri, Avrupa ve Orta Do\u011fu geli\u015fmeleri. KPSS, MEB AGS ve \u00d6ABT i\u00e7in\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/index.php\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/31\\\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/index.php\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/31\\\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/index.php\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/31\\\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/SITE-KAPAK.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/SITE-KAPAK.png\",\"width\":1440,\"height\":810},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/index.php\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/31\\\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Anasayfa\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"K\u00fcreselle\u015fen D\u00fcnya KPSS Tarih Ders Notlar\u0131| \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk ve D\u00fcnya Tarihi\u00a0\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"Tarih Kursu\",\"description\":\"\u0130\u015fimiz G\u00fcc\u00fcm\u00fcz Tarih\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4d7bdc3b79e9f5198455474c0f203f3c\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4d7bdc3b79e9f5198455474c0f203f3c\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/10\\\/TARIHKURSU-Kopyasi.png\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/10\\\/TARIHKURSU-Kopyasi.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/10\\\/TARIHKURSU-Kopyasi.png\",\"width\":1080,\"height\":1080,\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/10\\\/TARIHKURSU-Kopyasi.png\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d0f9105e31352dbe9f08d098ffb8c878\",\"name\":\"tarihkursu\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/1354763acbc865faa7650c3e1e4431f187276d71f132349411302a546cdeae54?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/1354763acbc865faa7650c3e1e4431f187276d71f132349411302a546cdeae54?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/1354763acbc865faa7650c3e1e4431f187276d71f132349411302a546cdeae54?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"tarihkursu\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tarihkursu.com\\\/index.php\\\/author\\\/tarihkursu\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"K\u00fcreselle\u015fen D\u00fcnya KPSS Tarih Ders Notlar\u0131| \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk ve D\u00fcnya Tarihi\u00a0 - tarihkursu.com","description":"K\u00fcreselle\u015fen D\u00fcnya; SSCB\u2019nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131, T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetleri, Avrupa ve Orta Do\u011fu geli\u015fmeleri. KPSS, MEB AGS ve \u00d6ABT i\u00e7in","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/31\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\/","og_locale":"tr_TR","og_type":"article","og_title":"K\u00fcreselle\u015fen D\u00fcnya KPSS Tarih Ders Notlar\u0131| \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk ve D\u00fcnya Tarihi\u00a0 - tarihkursu.com","og_description":"K\u00fcreselle\u015fen D\u00fcnya; SSCB\u2019nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131, T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetleri, Avrupa ve Orta Do\u011fu geli\u015fmeleri. KPSS, MEB AGS ve \u00d6ABT i\u00e7in","og_url":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/31\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\/","og_site_name":"tarihkursu.com","article_published_time":"2026-07-31T15:02:37+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-07-31T17:00:37+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1440,"height":810,"url":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/SITE-KAPAK.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"tarihkursu","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Yazan:":"tarihkursu","Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi":"21 dakika"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/31\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/31\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\/"},"author":{"name":"tarihkursu","@id":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/#\/schema\/person\/d0f9105e31352dbe9f08d098ffb8c878"},"headline":"K\u00fcreselle\u015fen D\u00fcnya KPSS Tarih Ders Notlar\u0131| \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk ve D\u00fcnya Tarihi\u00a0","datePublished":"2026-07-31T15:02:37+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-31T17:00:37+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/31\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\/"},"wordCount":4768,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/#\/schema\/person\/4d7bdc3b79e9f5198455474c0f203f3c"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/31\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/SITE-KAPAK.png","keywords":["kpss tarih"],"articleSection":["KPSS TAR\u0130H"],"inLanguage":"tr","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/31\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/31\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\/","url":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/31\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\/","name":"K\u00fcreselle\u015fen D\u00fcnya KPSS Tarih Ders Notlar\u0131| \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk ve D\u00fcnya Tarihi\u00a0 - tarihkursu.com","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/31\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/31\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/SITE-KAPAK.png","datePublished":"2026-07-31T15:02:37+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-31T17:00:37+00:00","description":"K\u00fcreselle\u015fen D\u00fcnya; SSCB\u2019nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131, T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetleri, Avrupa ve Orta Do\u011fu geli\u015fmeleri. KPSS, MEB AGS ve \u00d6ABT i\u00e7in","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/31\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"tr","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/31\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"tr","@id":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/31\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/SITE-KAPAK.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/SITE-KAPAK.png","width":1440,"height":810},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/31\/kuresellesen-dunya-kpss-tarih-ders-notlari-cagdas-turk-ve-dunya-tarihi\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Anasayfa","item":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"K\u00fcreselle\u015fen D\u00fcnya KPSS Tarih Ders Notlar\u0131| \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk ve D\u00fcnya Tarihi\u00a0"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/","name":"Tarih Kursu","description":"\u0130\u015fimiz G\u00fcc\u00fcm\u00fcz Tarih","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/#\/schema\/person\/4d7bdc3b79e9f5198455474c0f203f3c"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"tr"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/#\/schema\/person\/4d7bdc3b79e9f5198455474c0f203f3c","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"tr","@id":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/TARIHKURSU-Kopyasi.png","url":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/TARIHKURSU-Kopyasi.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/TARIHKURSU-Kopyasi.png","width":1080,"height":1080,"caption":"admin"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/TARIHKURSU-Kopyasi.png"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/tarihkursu.com"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/#\/schema\/person\/d0f9105e31352dbe9f08d098ffb8c878","name":"tarihkursu","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"tr","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1354763acbc865faa7650c3e1e4431f187276d71f132349411302a546cdeae54?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1354763acbc865faa7650c3e1e4431f187276d71f132349411302a546cdeae54?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1354763acbc865faa7650c3e1e4431f187276d71f132349411302a546cdeae54?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"tarihkursu"},"url":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/author\/tarihkursu\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3448","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3448"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3448\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3454,"href":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3448\/revisions\/3454"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3459"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3448"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3448"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3448"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}