{"id":471,"date":"2020-11-05T15:14:00","date_gmt":"2020-11-05T12:14:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2020\/11\/05\/1990-sonrasi-turk-dis-politikasindaki-gelismeler\/"},"modified":"2020-11-05T15:14:00","modified_gmt":"2020-11-05T12:14:00","slug":"1990-sonrasi-turk-dis-politikasindaki-gelismeler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2020\/11\/05\/1990-sonrasi-turk-dis-politikasindaki-gelismeler\/","title":{"rendered":"1990 SONRASI T\u00dcRK DI\u015e POL\u0130T\u0130KASINDAK\u0130 GEL\u0130\u015eMELER"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Tarih ders notlar\u0131, yks tarih ders notlar\u0131, ayt tarih ders notlar\u0131, tyt tarih ders notlar\u0131, tarih \u00f6zet, tarih 9 ders notlar\u0131, tarih 10 ders notlar\u0131, tarih 11 ders notlar\u0131, ink\u0131lap tarihi ders notlar\u0131, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk ve d\u00fcnya tarihi ders notlar\u0131, g\u00fcncel tarih ders notlar\u0131, \u00f6zet konu anlat\u0131m, k\u0131sa tarih, yeni kitaba g\u00f6re haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f ders notlar\u0131, yeni m\u00fcfredat tarih , tarih pdf<\/p>\n

5. \u00dcN\u0130TE K\u00dcRESELLE\u015eEN D\u00dcNYA<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/b>1990 SONRASI T\u00dcRK DI\u015e POL\u0130T\u0130KASINDAK\u0130 GEL\u0130\u015eMELER<\/b><\/p>\n

-SSCB\u2019nin 1991\u2019de da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131, d\u00fcnyadaki iki kutuplu yap\u0131y\u0131 sonland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

-T\u00fcrkiye bu d\u00f6nemde <\/p>\n

AB\u2019ye \u00fcyelik s\u00fcrecine dair ad\u0131mlar atm\u0131\u015f, <\/p>\n

Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kazanan T\u00fcrk – Cumhuriyetleri ile ili\u015fkilerini geli\u015ftirmi\u015f ve Balkan co\u011frafyas\u0131nda yeni kurulan devletlerle s\u0131cak ili\u015fkiler kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n

Ancak T\u00fcrkiye, 11 Eyl\u00fcl sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 sonras\u0131nda ABD\u2019nin uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Orta Do\u011fu politikalar\u0131ndan kaynaklanan siyasi, sosyal ve ekonomik sorunlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bulgaristan\u2019daki T\u00fcrkler ve T\u00fcrkiye-Bulgaristan \u0130li\u015fkileri
-1991\u2019de So\u011fuk Sava\u015f D\u00f6nemi\u2019nin sona ermesi, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131nda da kendini hissettirdi. T\u00fcrkiye, \u00f6zellikle Balkan \u00fclkelerinde meydana gelen de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle yeni bir d\u0131\u015f politika izlemeye ba\u015flad\u0131.
-Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te Balkan \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda en fazla T\u00fcrk n\u00fcfusuna sahip olan Bulgaristan\u2019da ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrklerin durumlar\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ya\u015fanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.
-Bulgaristan, Theodor Jivkov\u2019un iktidar\u0131 d\u00f6neminde T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa uygulanan asimilasyon politikas\u0131 ve 1984-1985 y\u0131llar\u0131ndaki zorla isim de\u011fi\u015ftirme politikas\u0131 ile zirveye \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

-Bulgaristan\u2019daki T\u00fcrklerin ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye ve d\u00fcnya kamuoyundan gelen tepkiler \u00fczerine Bulgaristan, s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7arak T\u00fcrklerin g\u00f6\u00e7 etmesine izin vermek zorunda kald\u0131.
-II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan itibaren d\u00fcnya tarihinde, ilk kez bu kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00f6\u00e7 ya\u015fand\u0131.
29 Aral\u0131k 1989\u2019da Teodor Jivkov rejiminin sona ermesinden sonra Bulgar y\u00f6netimi T\u00fcrk az\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa haklar\u0131n\u0131 geri verdi .<\/p>\n

-1991\u2019de Bulgaristan\u2019da h\u00fck\u00fbmeti kuran Demokratik G\u00fc\u00e7ler Birli\u011fi (DGB) ile T\u00fcrkleri temsil eden Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler Hareketi aras\u0131ndaki anla\u015fmazl\u0131k Bulgaristan\u2019da krize neden oldu.
-\u00d6zellikle 1993-1996 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ekonomik sebeplerle g\u00f6\u00e7ler ya\u015fand\u0131<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetleri<\/b>
-T\u00fcrkiye, 1991 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonunda Orta Asya\u2019da ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kazanan T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetleri\u2019ni tan\u0131yarak onlarla s\u0131k\u0131 diplomatik ili\u015fkiler i\u00e7erisine girdi.
-1992\u2019de T\u00fcrk \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi Kalk\u0131nma \u0130daresi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (T\u0130KA) ve D\u0131\u015f Ekonomik \u0130li\u015fkiler Kurulunu (DE\u0130K) kurdu.
-T\u00fcrkiye, Hava yolu seferleri, uydu yay\u0131nlar\u0131 ve e\u011fitim burslar\u0131 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleriyle siyasi, ekonomik ve sosyal ili\u015fkilerini geli\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

– \u201cAdriyatik\u2019ten \u00c7in Seddi\u2019ne T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131\u201d ve \u201c21. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n T\u00fcrk y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131\u201dna dair s\u00f6ylemler Rusya ve \u0130ran\u2019\u0131 rahats\u0131z etti.
-1992\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Konu\u015fan \u00dclkeler Devlet Ba\u015fkanlar\u0131 Zirvesi\u2019nde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin b\u00f6lge i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc politikalar planland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclemedi.
-T\u00fcrkiye, 1995-2001 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Orta Asya\u2019da Rusya ve \u00c7in\u2019in kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 da dikkate alan politikalar ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n

-T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Orta Asya \u00fczerindeki en \u00f6nemli kazan\u0131m\u0131, Hazar Havzas\u0131\u2019ndaki enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnya pazarlar\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda oldu.
-2000\u2019li y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Kafkasya ve T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetleri ile ili\u015fkilerinde olumlu geli\u015fmeler ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetleri\u2019nde Mill\u00ee E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 T\u00fcrk okullar a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-Kazakistan\u2019da T\u00fcrk-Kazak Uluslararas\u0131 Hoca Ahmet Yesevi \u00dcniversitesi ve K\u0131rg\u0131zistan\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Bi\u015fkek\u2019te K\u0131rg\u0131zistan-T\u00fcrkiye Manas \u00dcniversitesi bunlar aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kafkasya<\/b>
-SSCB\u2019nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131yla Kafkasya b\u00f6lgesinde Azerbaycan, Ermenistan ve G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde T\u00fcrk d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131 b\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerinin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc desteklemek, ve Hazar
Havzas\u0131 enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretim ve ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131nda rol almak \u015feklinde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.
-T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti 1991\u2019de, 71 y\u0131l sonra ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yeniden kazanan Azerbaycan Cumhuriyeti\u2019ni karde\u015flik ili\u015fkilerinin sonucu olarak 10 Kas\u0131m 1991 tarihinde tan\u0131yan ilk \u00fclke olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

-T\u00fcrkiye, ilk andan itibaren ortakl\u0131k ili\u015fkilerini geli\u015ftirmek, Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ve egemenli\u011fini peki\u015ftirmek ve Hazar Denizi\u2019ndeki do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131ndan gelen ekonomik potansiyelini hayata ge\u00e7irmek istemi\u015ftir.
-T\u00fcrkiye, Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131 Yukar\u0131 Karaba\u011f sorunu konusunda desteklemi\u015ftir.
-Ekonomik alanda her ge\u00e7en y\u0131l daha fazla geli\u015fip g\u00fc\u00e7lenen ikili ili\u015fkiler, Bak\u00fc-Tiflis-Ceyhan Petrol Boru Hatt\u0131 ve Bak\u00fc-Tiflis-Erzurum Do\u011fal Gaz Boru Hatt\u0131 projeleriyle farkl\u0131 bir boyut kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-\u0130ki \u00fclkenin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00f6nemli rakamlara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

-SOCAR (Azerbaycan Cumhuriyeti Devlet Petrol \u015eirketi), petrol d\u0131\u015f\u0131 sekt\u00f6rlere en fazla yat\u0131r\u0131m yapan \u00fclke olmu\u015ftur. T\u00fcrkiye ve Azerbaycan; ili\u015fkilerinde Hazar Denizi b\u00f6lgesinden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan do\u011fal gaz\u0131n Azerbaycan, –
G\u00fcrcistan, T\u00fcrkiye, Bulgaristan, Macaristan, Romanya ve Avusturya\u2019dan Avrupa \u00fclkelerine naklini \u00f6ng\u00f6ren Nabucco Projesi\u2019ni planlam\u0131\u015f fakat hayata ge\u00e7irememi\u015ftir.
-Trans Anadolu Do\u011fal Gaz Boru Hatt\u0131 Projesi ve TANAP Projesi ile do\u011fal gaz\u0131n \u00f6ncelikle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye, ard\u0131ndan Avrupa\u2019ya ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

-Asker\u00ee alanda i\u015f birli\u011fi, 16 A\u011fustos 2010\u2019da imzalanan stratejik ortakl\u0131k ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 yard\u0131mla ilgili anla\u015fmadan sonra yeni bir a\u015famaya ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.
-E\u011fitim alan\u0131nda yap\u0131lan i\u015f birli\u011fiyle \u00e7ok say\u0131da Azerbaycanl\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenci, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin \u00e7e\u015fitli e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-T\u00fcrkiye-G\u00fcrcistan ili\u015fkileri ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k, toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve iktisadi i\u015f birli\u011fi konular\u0131nda yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

-16 Aral\u0131k 1991\u2019de G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131yan T\u00fcrkiye, kom\u015fusuna verdi\u011fi desteklerden dolay\u0131 G\u00fcrcistan kamuoyunda m\u00fcttefik \u00fclke konumuna y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir.
-29 Ekim 1998\u2019de Azerbaycan, Kazakistan, T\u00fcrkiye, \u00d6zbekistan ve G\u00fcrcistan \u201cAnkara Deklarasyonu\u201dnu imzalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-Deklarasyon, petrol ve do\u011fal gaz kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n aranmas\u0131, \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 ve boru hatlar\u0131yla g\u00fcvenli bir bi\u00e7imde d\u00fcnya piyasalar\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ermektedir.<\/p>\n

-T\u00fcrkiye, Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 16 Aral\u0131k 1991\u2019de tan\u0131m\u0131\u015f, ard\u0131ndan ciddi ekonomik problemler ya\u015fayan bu \u00fclkeye insani yard\u0131mda bulunmu\u015ftur.
-Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n b\u00f6lgesel kurulu\u015flar, uluslararas\u0131 toplum ve Bat\u0131l\u0131 kurumlarla b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00e7aba harcam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede Ermenistan\u2019\u0131, Karadeniz Ekonomik \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcne (KE\u0130) kurucu \u00fcye olarak davet etmi\u015ftir.
-1915 olaylar\u0131n\u0131n devaml\u0131 \u00f6n planda tutulmas\u0131 nedeniyle ikili ili\u015fkilerin geli\u015fmesi i\u00e7in uygun ko\u015fullar olu\u015fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Balkanlar<\/b>
-So\u011fuk Sava\u015f D\u00f6nemi\u2019nin sona ermesi ve 1991\u2019de Yugoslavya\u2019n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 ile \u201cBalkanla\u015fma s\u00fcreci\u201d (b\u00f6l\u00fcnme, par\u00e7alara ayr\u0131lma) h\u0131z kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-Yugoslavya\u2019n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131lma s\u00fcrecinde sorunlar\u0131n bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 yollardan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn taraftar\u0131 olan T\u00fcrkiye, 1992\u2019de ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan eden alt\u0131 devleti tan\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Balkanlarda bar\u0131\u015f ve istikrar sa\u011flanmas\u0131na ve b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7lerin b\u00f6lgeye n\u00fcfuzunun s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik politikalar\u0131 \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-Kom\u015fularla s\u0131f\u0131r sorun politikas\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin b\u00f6lgesel bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak birden fazla b\u00f6lgede etkin bir akt\u00f6r olmas\u0131 fikrine dayanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-T\u00fcrkiye,1991\u2019de ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan eden Makedonya\u2019y\u0131 tan\u0131yan ilk devletlerden biri olmu\u015f ve Makedonya ile olumlu ili\u015fkiler geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.
-1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrk-Yunan ili\u015fkilerinde m\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fck sorunu, ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-1996 y\u0131l\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda ya\u015fanan Kardak sorunu da ikili ili\u015fkileri olumsuz etkilemi\u015ftir.
-1997\u2019de L\u00fcksemburg\u2019da yap\u0131lan AB Konseyi Zirvesi \u00f6ncesinde ve sonras\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin AB\u2019ye \u00fcyeli\u011fi de b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde Yunanistan ve K\u0131br\u0131s ba\u011flam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-1999\u2019da PKK lideri Abdullah \u00d6calan Kenya\u2019daki Yunanistan B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011fine s\u0131\u011f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve orada ele ge\u00e7irilmi\u015ftir.
-Bu durum iki \u00fclke ili\u015fkilerine olumsuz yans\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-\u0130ki \u00fclke ili\u015fkilerinin 1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda yumu\u015famas\u0131nda 1999 Marmara ve Atina depremleri sonras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 insani yard\u0131mlar etkili olmu\u015ftur.
-2000\u2019li y\u0131llarda k\u0131ta sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Ege hava sahas\u0131 sorun olma \u00f6zelli\u011fini korumu\u015ftur.
-Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n K\u0131br\u0131s konusunda BM kararlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra AB kriterlerini ve mevzuat\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131, iki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda derin ayr\u0131l\u0131klara neden olmu\u015ftur.
-T\u00fcrkiye ile Bulgaristan aras\u0131ndaki asker\u00ee, ekonomik, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve siyasi i\u015f birli\u011fi geli\u015fmi\u015ftir.
-1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye, Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n NATO \u00fcyeli\u011fine destek olmu\u015ftur.
-Arnavutluk, 90\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi g\u00fcvenilir bir m\u00fcttefik olarak g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.
-T\u00fcrkiye, Arnavutluk\u2019un Karadeniz Ekonomik \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcne
al\u0131nmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-Arnavutluk di\u011fer yandan \u0130K\u00d6\u2019ye de \u00fcye olmu\u015ftur.
-T\u00fcrkiye ile Arnavutluk ili\u015fkileri imzalanan asker\u00ee antla\u015fmalarla devam etmi\u015ftir.
-15 Nisan 1992\u2019de AG\u0130K ve \u0130K\u00d6\u2019de, 5 May\u0131s\u2019ta da BM\u2019de Bosna\u2019n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 ve toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn korunmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir.
-T\u00fcrkiye, Saraybosna\u2019da b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ilik a\u00e7an ilk \u00fclke olmu\u015ftur.
-NATO\u2019nun Kosova harek\u00e2t\u0131nda aktif rol oynam\u0131\u015f ve bar\u0131\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcne katk\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-T\u00fcrkiye 2008\u2019de ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan eden Kosova\u2019y\u0131 tan\u0131yan ilk \u00fclkelerden biri olmu\u015ftur.
-1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye-Romanya ili\u015fkileri olumlu seyretmi\u015ftir.
-1991\u2019de iki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda Dostluk ve \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi Antla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Balkanlara y\u00f6nelik politikas\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle ekonomik geli\u015fim d\u00fczeyi ile b\u00f6lgenin kalk\u0131nmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik giri\u015fimler \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-T\u00fcrkiye, Balkanlara y\u00f6nelik politikas\u0131nda \u201c\u00fcst d\u00fczey siyasi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler, herkes i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenlik, azami ekonomik entegrasyon ve b\u00f6lgede \u00e7ok etnikli, \u00e7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc, \u00e7ok dinli toplumsal yap\u0131lar\u0131\u201d esas alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Orta Do\u011fu<\/b>
-1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Orta Do\u011fu politikalar\u0131nda b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fanan etnik ve din\u00ee \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik sorunu belirleyici olmu\u015ftur.
-Bu sorunlar\u0131n daha ziyade Suriye ve Irak gibi Arap \u00fclkelerinden kaynaklanmas\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndan uzakla\u015ft\u0131rarak \u0130srail\u2019e yakla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-T\u00fcrkiye, 2001\u2019den sonra geleneksel b\u00f6lge politikas\u0131 olan Orta Do\u011fu sorunlar\u0131ndan uzak durma yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131yla sorunlardan kurtulamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlam\u0131\u015f, bar\u0131\u015fa y\u00f6nelik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerileri \u00fcreten politikalar izlemeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-T\u00fcrkiye-Suriye ili\u015fkileri; su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, Suriye\u2019nin ter\u00f6re ev sahipli\u011fi yapmas\u0131 ve Hatay \u00fczerindeki emelleri sebebiyle iyi olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-\u0130ki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda 1998\u2019de imzalanan Adana Mutabakat\u0131 ile ili\u015fkilerde g\u00fcven ortam\u0131 tesis edilmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-\u0130ki \u00fclke ABD\u2019nin Irak\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgal etti\u011fi 2003\u2019ten sonra ortak sorun olan K\u00fcrt meselesi nedeniyle daha da yak\u0131nla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

-Suriye, PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131nam\u0131\u015f ve \u00fclkesindeki PKK\u2019l\u0131 ter\u00f6ristleri T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye teslim etmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrkiye, \u0130srail-Suriye ili\u015fkilerinde ara buluculuk yaparak L\u00fcbnan\u2019daki Hariri suikast\u0131 sonucu s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan Suriye\u2019ye destek
olmu\u015ftur.
-Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Be\u015far Esad\u2019\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ziyaretinde (16 Eyl\u00fcl 2009) vizeleri kald\u0131ran anla\u015fma imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-\u0130ki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda ortak bakanlar kurulu toplant\u0131s\u0131nda stratejik ortakl\u0131ktan bahsedilmi\u015ftir.
-2011 Arap Bahar\u0131 sonras\u0131 Esad rejiminin sivil halka orant\u0131s\u0131z g\u00fc\u00e7 kullanmas\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye ile Suriye aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerin bozulmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Suriye politikas\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fim ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-T\u00fcrkiye, Suriyeli muhaliflerle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde bulunmu\u015f ve muhalifler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de konferanslar d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir.
-T\u00fcrkiye, \u00d6zg\u00fcr Suriye Ordusunun (\u00d6SO) kurulmas\u0131nda da \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-T\u00fcrkiye, Esad\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 muhaliflere destek verirken Esad rejimi \u00f6zellikle \u0130ran, Rusya ve \u00c7in taraf\u0131ndan desteklenmi\u015ftir.
-1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye-\u0130ran ili\u015fkileri; PKK, rejim ihrac\u0131 meselesi ve b\u00f6lgesel \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck m\u00fccadelesi nedeni ile – b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda gergin bir seyir izlemi\u015ftir.
-2002 y\u0131l\u0131 sonras\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin d\u0131\u015f politikada s\u0131f\u0131r sorun anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 temel almas\u0131, \u0130ran ile ili\u015fkilere dinamizm katan \u00f6nemli bir fakt\u00f6r olmu\u015ftur.
-T\u00fcrkiye ve \u0130ran bu d\u00f6nemde \u00e7ok boyutlu ve kapsaml\u0131 i\u015f birli\u011fi alanlar\u0131 olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur.
-1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye ile \u0130srail aras\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok \u00fcst d\u00fczey ziyaret ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f, siyasi, ekonomik ve asker\u00ee antla\u015fmalarla ortak hareket alanlar\u0131 geni\u015fletilmi\u015ftir.
-Bu d\u00f6nemde g\u00fcvenlik kayg\u0131lar\u0131 iki \u00fclkeyi birbirine yakla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-2000\u2019li y\u0131llarda iki \u00fclke aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiler seyir de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015f, 90\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llardaki stratejik ortakl\u0131k yerini siyasal \u00e7eki\u015fmelere b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-2001\u2019de Ariel \u015earon ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u0130srail\u2019de kurulan yeni h\u00fck\u00fbmetin sert Filistin politikalar\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye taraf\u0131ndan tepkiyle kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-2010\u2019daki asker\u00ee operasyonlar\u0131n iptali, Davos ve al\u00e7ak koltuk krizleriyle daha da gerilmi\u015f olan T\u00fcrkiye-\u0130srail ili\u015fkileri, 31 May\u0131s gecesi ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen Mavi Marmara Bask\u0131n\u0131 sonucu kopma noktas\u0131na gelmi\u015ftir.
-Irak\u2019\u0131n Kuveyt\u2019i i\u015fgali sonras\u0131 ba\u015flayan I. K\u00f6rfez Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda ABD ve m\u00fcttefikleri, T\u00fcrkiye taraf\u0131ndan desteklenmi\u015ftir.
-T\u00fcrkiye bir yandan Kerk\u00fck-Yumurtal\u0131k Petrol Boru Hatt\u0131\u2019n\u0131 kapat\u0131rken di\u011fer yandan \u00fclkedeki hava \u00fcslerinin ABD taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na izin vermi\u015f ve s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgesine asker kayd\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-T\u00fcrkiye bu sava\u015fta beklentilerine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulamam\u0131\u015f, ekonomik ve siyasi olarak b\u00fcy\u00fck kay\u0131plara u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin, sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve sonras\u0131nda Irak\u2019a uygulanan ekonomik ambargo nedeniyle g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zarar 100 milyar dolara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-ABD, 2003\u2019te Irak\u2019\u0131n \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Operasyonu ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi i\u015fgali ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-Sava\u015f sonras\u0131 Saddam devrilirken \u00fclke fiilen \u00fc\u00e7e b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.
-T\u00fcrkiye, 1 Mart Tezkeresi ile ABD askerlerinin T\u00fcrkiye \u00fczerinden Irak\u2019a sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131na izin vermemi\u015ftir.
-Tezkerenin reddedilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 ve Irak\u2019taki i\u015fgalin bekledi\u011fi gibi gitmemesi, ABD\u2019nin b\u00f6lgedeki K\u00fcrtlere daha fazla yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131na sebep olmu\u015ftur.
-T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u201ck\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7izgiler\u201d olarak kabul etti\u011fi politikalar\u0131n (T\u00fcrkmenlerin korunmas\u0131, Kerk\u00fck\u2019\u00fcn T\u00fcrk kimli\u011finin korunmas\u0131, Irak\u2019\u0131n toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn korunmas\u0131, PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn Kuzey Irak\u2019\u0131 bir \u00fcs olarak kullanmamas\u0131 vb.) bir\u00e7o\u011funda sorun ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-T\u00fcrk-Amerikan ili\u015fkilerindeki k\u0131r\u0131lma kendini ilk olarak S\u00fcleymaniye Krizi (\u00e7uval ge\u00e7irme) ile g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.
-T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye, 2000\u2019li y\u0131llarda Orta Do\u011fu\u2019da takip etti\u011fi politikalar sonucunda Arap Birli\u011fi \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc ve Afrika Birli\u011finde g\u00f6zlemci stat\u00fcs\u00fc verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Irak ve Suriye\u2019deki Siyasi, Sosyal Geli\u015fmelerin B\u00f6lgeye Etkileri
-I. K\u00f6rfez Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131ndaki ambargo s\u00fcreci ve 2003\u2019te ba\u015flayan Irak i\u015fgali, gerek Irak i\u00e7inde gerekse b\u00f6lgede yeni insani krizler do\u011furmu\u015ftur.
-\u0130\u015fgalle ya\u015fanan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm, Irak\u2019ta \u00f6nemli toplumsal sorunlar\u0131 da beraberinde getirmi\u015ftir.
-G\u00f6\u00e7 hareketlerinin yo\u011fun ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 2006 ve 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda konu uluslararas\u0131 toplumun g\u00fcndemine geldi\u011fi h\u00e2lde Suriye ve \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019de bulunan Irakl\u0131lar\u0131n durumuyla ilgili gerekli insani ad\u0131mlar at\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-\u00dcrd\u00fcn ve Suriye, di\u011fer \u00fclkelere nazaran Irakl\u0131 m\u00fcltecilere kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok uzun s\u00fcre a\u00e7\u0131k tutmu\u015ftur.
-Suriye\u2019de 2011 sonras\u0131 halk\u0131n demokratik taleplerine iktidar\u0131n \u015fiddet kullanarak kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k vermesi \u00fczerine \u00fclkede kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-Be\u015far Esed iktidar\u0131n\u0131n halka uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiddet, 10 binlerce Suriye vatanda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne, milyonlarca vatanda\u015f\u0131n \u00fclkeyi terk etmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-Kurulan \u00d6zg\u00fcr Suriye Ordusu ve Esed\u2019e ba\u011fl\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 m\u00fccadelesi ile kriz bir i\u00e7 sava\u015f h\u00e2lini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-D\u0131\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7lerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Esed rejimi yan\u0131nda, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 muhalefetin yan\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-Esed rejimi, BM G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi daimi \u00fcyesi Rusya ve \u00c7in\u2019den ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 destekle ayakta kalabilmi\u015ftir.
-T\u00fcrkiye-Suriye ili\u015fkilerindeki bozulma, T\u00fcrk d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131nda uygulanmak istenen \u201cs\u0131f\u0131r sorun\u201d politikas\u0131n\u0131n Orta
-Do\u011fu gibi bir b\u00f6lgede uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n olduk\u00e7a zor oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.
-Suriye\u2019deki mevcut durumun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 tehditler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye, F\u0131rat Kalkan\u0131 Operasyonu\u2019nu d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir.
-Suriye\u2019de ya\u015fanan siyasi kriz T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin g\u00fcneyinde bir m\u00fclteci sorununa sebep olmu\u015ftur.
-T\u00fcrkiye, olaya hukuki ve ahlaki a\u00e7\u0131dan yakla\u015farak g\u00fcney kom\u015fusundaki i\u00e7 sava\u015ftan ka\u00e7an Suriyelileri kabul etmi\u015ftir.
-M\u00fclteciler sorunu T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00f6nemli g\u00fcvenlik sorunlar\u0131na da yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcresel Ter\u00f6rizm<\/b>
-Egemen devletler, siyasi tercihlerini benimsedi\u011fi gruplar\u0131n eylemlerini me\u015fru m\u00fccadele olarak nitelendirirken benimsemedi\u011fi gruplar\u0131n \u00fcyelerini ter\u00f6rist, yapt\u0131klar\u0131 eylemleri de ter\u00f6rizm olarak nitelendirmeyi tercih etmi\u015ftir.
-ABD\u2019nin onay\u0131yla Pakistan taraf\u0131ndan kurulup desteklenen Taliban buna \u00f6rnek olarak verilebilir.
-So\u011fuk Sava\u015f D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde taraf olduklar\u0131 devletlerin korumas\u0131nda kendilerini g\u00fcvende hisseden ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctleri, So\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u2019\u0131n bitmesi ile \u00e2deta a\u00e7\u0131kta kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-Ter\u00f6rizmin k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi, Usame bin Ladin\u2019in lideri oldu\u011fu El Kaide ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc ile ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-11 Eyl\u00fcl sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 ile pop\u00fclerli\u011fini art\u0131ran El Kaide, ABD ve Bat\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcst seviyelere \u00e7\u0131kartm\u0131\u015f, benzer ama\u00e7lar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan \u00f6rg\u00fctler i\u00e7in birle\u015fme noktas\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.
-Irak ve Suriye\u2019de ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi topraklarla ve ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi kanl\u0131 eylemlerle ad\u0131n\u0131 duyuran DEA\u015e\u2019\u0131n geli\u015fmesinde 2003 sonras\u0131 ABD\u2019nin Irak\u2019taki uygulamalar\u0131 etkili olmu\u015ftur.
-2011 sonras\u0131 Suriye\u2019de kaosun t\u0131rmanmas\u0131, meydana gelen g\u00fc\u00e7 bo\u015flu\u011fu, mezhep \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn ideolojisine yak\u0131n militanlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f DEA\u015e\u2019\u0131n kontrol alt\u0131na ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 alanlar\u0131 geni\u015fletmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-El Ba\u011fdadi, 8 Nisan 2013\u2019te Irak ve \u015eam Devleti\u2019nin kuruldu\u011funu ilan etmi\u015ftir.
-1980\u2019lerden itibaren T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00fczerindeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck tehdit PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olmu\u015ftur.
-T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin y\u0131llard\u0131r sava\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Kuzey Suriye uzant\u0131s\u0131 PYD\/YPG, ABD taraf\u0131ndan silahland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.
-Devlet destekli ter\u00f6rizm, hedef devletin politik istikrar\u0131n\u0131, ekonomik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve diplomatik ili\u015fkilerini etkileme g\u00fcc\u00fcne sahiptir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk K\u0131z\u0131lay\u0131<\/b>
-T\u00fcrk K\u0131z\u0131lay\u0131; dil, din, \u0131rk ayr\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6zetmeden d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelerinde do\u011fal afetlere ve insan kaynakl\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131mlara m\u00fcdahale etmi\u015f, ihtiya\u00e7 sahiplerinin bar\u0131nma ve beslenme gibi temel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-Filistin, Sudan, Endonezya, Sri Lanka, K\u0131rg\u0131zistan, Kosova, Somali, Pakistan gibi \u00fclkelerde insani yard\u0131m faaliyetlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra refaha y\u00f6nelik bir\u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada da bulunmu\u015ftur.
-Suriye\u2019deki i\u00e7 sava\u015f ve \u015fiddet ortam\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden milyonlarca Suriyeli yurtlar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-\u00dc\u00e7 milyondan fazla Suriyeli de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye s\u0131\u011f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
-Kamplarda kalan Suriyeli m\u00fcltecilerin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 devletin ilgili kurumlar\u0131 ve T\u00fcrk K\u0131z\u0131lay\u0131n\u0131n deste\u011fi ile kar\u015f\u0131lanmaktad\u0131r.
-T\u00fcrk K\u0131z\u0131lay\u0131, Orta Do\u011fu \u00fclkeleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Afrika\u2019da Somali, Kenya gibi \u00fclkelerle G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya\u2019da Arakan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131na ve d\u00fcnyadaki ihtiya\u00e7 sahiplerine insani yard\u0131mlarda bulunmu\u015ftur.
<\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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