{"id":757,"date":"2019-02-26T11:34:00","date_gmt":"2019-02-26T08:34:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2019\/02\/26\/kanuni-donemi-tarih-10-5-unite-dunya-gucu-osmanli-1453-1595-5-konu\/"},"modified":"2019-02-26T11:34:00","modified_gmt":"2019-02-26T08:34:00","slug":"kanuni-donemi-tarih-10-5-unite-dunya-gucu-osmanli-1453-1595-5-konu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2019\/02\/26\/kanuni-donemi-tarih-10-5-unite-dunya-gucu-osmanli-1453-1595-5-konu\/","title":{"rendered":"KANUN\u0130 D\u00d6NEM\u0130 – TAR\u0130H 10 5. \u00dcN\u0130TE D\u00dcNYA G\u00dcC\u00dc OSMANLI (1453-1595) 5. KONU"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n<\/a><\/div>\n

Tarih ders notlar\u0131, yks tarih ders notlar\u0131, ayt tarih ders notlar\u0131, tyt tarih ders notlar\u0131, tarih \u00f6zet, tarih 9 ders notlar\u0131, tarih 10 ders notlar\u0131, tarih 11 ders notlar\u0131, ink\u0131lap tarihi ders notlar\u0131, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk ve d\u00fcnya <\/b>tarihi ders notlar\u0131, g\u00fcncel tarih ders notlar\u0131, \u00f6zet konu anlat\u0131m, k\u0131sa tarih, yeni kitaba g\u00f6re haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f ders notlar\u0131, yeni m\u00fcfredat tarih , tarih pdf<\/b>

<\/b><\/span>\u0130\u00c7\u0130NDEK\u0130LER<\/b><\/span>
\n
<\/b><\/span>
\nKANUN\u0130 SULTAN S\u00dcLEYMAN D\u00d6NEM\u0130 S\u0130YAS\u0130 OLAYLARI<\/b><\/span>
\nXVI. Y\u00dcZYILDA OSMANLI-HABSBURG M\u00dcCADELES\u0130 VE SONU\u00c7LARI<\/b><\/span>
\nDO\u011eUDA H\u00c2K\u0130M\u0130YET KURULMASI<\/b><\/span>
\nXV ve XVI. Y\u00dcZYILLARDA OSMANLI EKONOM\u0130K POL\u0130T\u0130KALARI<\/b><\/span>
\nOsmanl\u0131-Frans\u0131z \u0130li\u015fkileri ve Kapit\u00fclasyonlar<\/b><\/span>
\n<\/a>
\nD\u00dcNYA G\u00dcC\u00dc: OSMANLI<\/b><\/span>
\nOSMANLI DEVLET\u0130\u2019N\u0130N XV VE XVI. Y\u00dcZYILLARDA \u0130ZLED\u0130\u011e\u0130 S\u0130YASET VE ETK\u0130LER\u0130<\/b><\/span>
\n<\/span><\/b><\/span>
\nReform Hareketleri<\/b><\/span>
\n
<\/b><\/span>
\nKANUN\u0130 SULTAN S\u00dcLEYMAN 1520- 1566<\/b><\/span>
\n
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\nOsmanl\u0131lar\u0131n <\/span>\u201cKanuni\u201d, Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n ise \u201cMuhte\u015fem\u201d s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 verdikleri I. S\u00fcleyman, 46 y\u0131l padi\u015fahl\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131\u2019da en uzun sure padi\u015fahl\u0131k yapan ki\u015flidir.<\/span>
\nKanuni, mevcut kanunlara riayet etmi\u015f, adaletten hi\u00e7 taviz vermemi\u015f, uygulamaya koydu\u011fu kanunlarda hak ve hukuku g\u00f6zetmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcm bunlar kendisine \u201cKanuni\u201d unvan\u0131n\u0131 kazand\u0131rd\u0131.<\/span>
\nYavuz Sultan Selim h\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda en zengin d\u00f6nemini ya\u015fayan Osmanl\u0131 hazinesi, Kanuni D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde uzun s\u00fcren seferler y\u00fcz\u00fcnden ilk kez a\u00e7\u0131k verdi.<\/span>
\nNot : G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Kanuni Sultan S\u00fcleyman\u2019\u0131n \u00fcnl\u00fc kanun yap\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n portrelerinin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ABD Kongre Binas\u0131nda portresi bulunmaktad\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

XVI. Y\u00dcZYILDA OSMANLI-HABSBURG M\u00dcCADELES\u0130 VE SONU\u00c7LARI<\/b><\/span>
\n
<\/b><\/span>
\nYavuz Sultan Selim\u2019in vefat\u0131ndan sonra yerine, taht\u0131n tek varisi olan I. S\u00fcleyman (Kanuni) ge\u00e7ti (1520). Kanuni Avrupa siyasetinde etkin olmak istiyordu. <\/span>
\nXVI. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin Do\u011fu ve Orta Avrupa\u2019daki en b\u00fcy\u00fck rakibi Avusturya oldu.<\/span>
\nAvusturya Kral\u0131 Ferdinand, Roma-Germen \u0130mparatoru \u015earlken\u2019in ayn\u0131 zamanda karde\u015fi idi. Bu durumdan cesaret alarak Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin Avrupa\u2019da ilerlemesine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yordu. <\/span><\/p>\n

Kanuni, ilk olarak Orta Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n giri\u015f kap\u0131s\u0131 niteli\u011finde olan Belgrad\u2019\u0131 1521 y\u0131l\u0131nda fethederek \u00f6nemli bir \u00fcs merkezi edindi ve Macaristan ile s\u0131n\u0131r oldu.<\/span>
\n<\/ins><\/p>\n


<\/span>
\n1526\u2019da Moha\u00e7 Meydan Sava\u015f\u0131<\/b> <\/span>
\n
<\/span>
\nOsmanl\u0131 Devleti 1526\u2019da Moha\u00e7 Meydan Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131  kazanmas\u0131 sonucu Macar Kral\u0131 II.Layo\u015f \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc ve Macaristan da Osmanl\u0131 h\u00e2kimiyetine girdi.<\/span>
\nBu durum Osmanl\u0131-Avusturya sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131na neden oldu. <\/span>
\n\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Macaristan Kral\u0131 II. Layo\u015f ile Avusturya Kral\u0131 Ferdinand\u2019\u0131n akrabal\u0131k ba\u011flar\u0131 vard\u0131.<\/span>
\nOsmanl\u0131 Devleti, Macaristan\u2019\u0131 do\u011frudan Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na katmad\u0131. <\/span>
\nMacar yerli halk\u0131ndan biri olan Jan Zapolya\u2019y\u0131, Macar kral\u0131 olarak atad\u0131. Ancak Ferdinand bu duruma kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, yeni Macar Kral\u0131n\u0131 da tahttan indirdi. <\/span>
\n<\/span>
\nBu durum Osmanl\u0131-Avusturya sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131na neden oldu.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n
\n1533 \u0130stanbul Antla\u015fmas\u0131 <\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
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\nOsmanl\u0131 Devleti, 1529\u2019da Viyana\u2019y\u0131 ku\u015fatsa da bir sonu\u00e7 elde edemedi. <\/span><\/div>\n
\nBu olaydan sonra Ferdinand yeniden Macar topraklar\u0131na sald\u0131rd\u0131. <\/span><\/div>\n
\nBu durum kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 Devleti, Almanya seferini ba\u015flatarak hem Ferdinand\u2019a hem de \u015earlken\u2019e iyi bir ders vermek istedi. <\/span><\/div>\n
\nAncak Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na hi\u00e7bir g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131kmaya cesaret edemedi. <\/span><\/div>\n
\nAvusturya ile Osmanl\u0131 aras\u0131nda 1533 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul Antla\u015fmas\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/span><\/div>\n
\nAntla\u015fma\u2019ya g\u00f6re:<\/span><\/div>\n
\nAvusturya ar\u015fid\u00fck\u00fc, protokol bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Osmanl\u0131 sadrazam\u0131na denk say\u0131lacakt\u0131r<\/span><\/div>\n
\nFerdinand, Macaristan \u00fczerinde hak iddia etmeyecek ve elinde bulundurdu\u011fu Macar topraklar\u0131 i\u00e7in Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019ne vergi \u00f6deyecektir.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n1541 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kanuni, Macaristan\u2019\u0131 do\u011frudan Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na katt\u0131.<\/span><\/div>\n

<\/ins><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n

DO\u011eUDA H\u00c2K\u0130M\u0130YET KURULMASI <\/b><\/span>
\n1555 Amasya Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/b><\/span>
\n
<\/b><\/span>
\nSafevi H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 \u015eah \u0130smail vefat\u0131ndan sonra  yerine ge\u00e7en o\u011flu \u015eah Tahmasb da \u015eii propagandalar\u0131 yaparak Anadolu\u2019da kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k \u00e7\u0131karmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. <\/span>
\nOsmanl\u0131 Devleti aleyhine Venedik ve Avusturya ile anla\u015fma yapt\u0131.<\/span>
\nBu geli\u015fmeler \u00fczerine Kanuni 1534, 1548 ve 1553\u2019te \u0130ran \u00fczerine \u00fc\u00e7 sefer d\u00fczenledi.<\/span>
\n1555\u2019te iki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda \u201cAmasya Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u201d yap\u0131ld\u0131. Antla\u015fmaya g\u00f6re;<\/span>
\nOsmanl\u0131 Devleti ile \u0130ran aras\u0131ndaki ilk resm\u00ee antla\u015fmad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tebriz, Erivan, Ba\u011fdat, Irak ve Do\u011fu Anadolu Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019ne b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131. <\/span>
\n
<\/span>
\nXV ve XVI. Y\u00dcZYILLARDA OSMANLI EKONOM\u0130K POL\u0130T\u0130KALARI<\/b><\/span>
\n
<\/b><\/span>
\nAkdeniz ve Karadeniz aras\u0131nda ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131, \u0130pek ve Baharat Yollar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde denetim alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 ticari faaliyetlerine ivme kazand\u0131rd\u0131. <\/span>
\nFatih Sultan Mehmet, Venediklilerle uzun vadeli ticaret yapmak amac\u0131yla kendilerine, \u0130stanbul\u2019da balyos (el\u00e7i) bulundurma hakk\u0131 verdi ve birtak\u0131m g\u00fcmr\u00fck kolayl\u0131klar\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/span>
\n\u0130stanbul, do\u011fu ve bat\u0131 t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n\u0131n bir araya geldi\u011fi uluslararas\u0131 bir pazar niteli\u011findeydi. Bursa, Kahire, Edirne ve Selanik \u00f6nemli ticaret merkezleriydi. <\/span>
\nDo\u011fu \u00fclkelerinden Avrupa\u2019ya giden mallar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 \u0130skenderun ve Suriye limanlar\u0131ndan sevk edilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. <\/span>
\n<\/span>
\nBu nedenle Akdeniz\u2019deki gemi ticareti olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nem kazand\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n
\nOsmanl\u0131-Frans\u0131z \u0130li\u015fkileri ve Kapit\u00fclasyonlar<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/p>\n
\nKanuni Sultan S\u00fcleyman Avrupa\u2019da olu\u015fan ittifaklar\u0131 par\u00e7alamak, <\/div>\n
\n\u015earlken\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 bir denge unsuru olu\u015fturmak amac\u0131yla Fransa\u2019ya destek verdi. <\/div>\n
\n\u00d6te yandan Hint deniz ticaret yolunun bulunmas\u0131yla canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden Akdeniz ticaretini yeniden canland\u0131rmak isteyen Kanuni, Fransa\u2019ya baz\u0131 ticari ve hukuki ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar vererek onlarla stratejik ortakl\u0131k kurmay\u0131 planlad\u0131 (1535). <\/div>\n
\nT\u00fcrk t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n\u0131 da ayn\u0131 haklardan yararland\u0131rd\u0131.<\/div>\n
\nOsmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin \u201c\u0130mtiyaz-\u0131 Mahsusa\u201d, Frans\u0131zlar\u0131n \u201ckapit\u00fclasyon\u201d dedikleri ayr\u0131cal\u0131klara g\u00f6re;<\/div>\n
\nFransa, Akdeniz\u2019de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi \u00f6deyerek serbest\u00e7e ticaret yapabilecektir.<\/div>\n
\nFrans\u0131zlara ait ticari ve hukuki davalara \u0130stanbul\u2019a g\u00f6nderilen bir yarg\u0131\u00e7 bakacakt\u0131r.<\/div>\n
\nAntla\u015fma her iki h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n hayatta kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece ge\u00e7erli olacakt\u0131r.<\/div>\n

<\/ins><\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n
\nOsmanl\u0131- Habsburg \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu \u0130li\u015fkileri: <\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n
\nAkrabal\u0131k ili\u015fkileri sonucu kurulan Habsburg \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu (Macar, Avusturya ve Alman krall\u0131\u011f\u0131) XVI. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin en b\u00fcy\u00fck rakibi oldu. <\/div>\n
\nKanuni Sultan S\u00fcleyman ilk olarak 1521\u2019de Belgrad\u2019\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irdi.<\/div>\n
\nKanuni daha sonra Habsburg \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu ile m\u00fccadele h\u00e2linde olan Fransa\u2019ya destek verdi. <\/div>\n
\nB\u00f6ylece Fransa\u2019y\u0131 yan\u0131na \u00e7ekerek Avrupa Hristiyan birli\u011fini zay\u0131flatmak istedi.<\/div>\n
\nFransa ile Habsburg \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan sava\u015fta, Fransa Kral\u0131 I. Fransuva, Alman \u0130mparatoru \u015earlken\u2019e esir d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. <\/div>\n
\nI. Fransuva\u2019n\u0131n annesi Kanuni\u2019den yard\u0131m istedi. <\/div>\n
\nKanuni gerek Fransa kral\u0131n\u0131 esaretten kurtarmak ve <\/div>\n
\nAlmanya\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fcttefiklerinden olan Macarlar\u0131 saf d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakmak amac\u0131yla Macaristan \u00fczerine y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc. <\/div>\n
\n
\n1526 y\u0131l\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen Moha\u00e7 Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda Macar Kral\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. <\/div>\n
\nMacaristan, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti denetimine girdi\u011fi gibi, Almanya da I. Fransuva\u2019y\u0131 serbest b\u0131rakmak zorunda kald\u0131. <\/div>\n
\nMacaristan\u2019\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 Devleti denetimine girmesi Habsburg \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun di\u011fer bir \u00fcyesi olan Avusturya ile uzun y\u0131llar s\u00fcrecek olan sava\u015flara neden oldu.<\/div>\n
\nOsmanl\u0131 Devleti, Habsburg \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019na kar\u015f\u0131 Almanya\u2019da patlak veren mezhep sava\u015flar\u0131nda Protestanlara da destek vererek Avrupa\u2019daki mezhep sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6r\u00fckledi.<\/div>\n
\nB\u00f6ylece Habsburg \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nu siyasi ve asker\u00ee y\u00f6nler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda din\u00ee y\u00f6nden de zay\u0131flatmak istedi.<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nOsmanl\u0131-\u0130spanya \u0130li\u015fkileri: <\/b><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n
\nXVI. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda \u0130spanya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131, gerek Katolikli\u011fin savunucusu olarak gerekse d\u00fcnya imparatorlu\u011fu kurma arzusuyla Akdeniz\u2019de faaliyetlere ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/div>\n
\nAncak Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin hem karada hem de denizde bat\u0131ya do\u011fru ilerleyi\u015fi, k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede iki devleti kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya getirdi.<\/div>\n
\nOsmanl\u0131 Devleti, bu m\u00fccadelede \u0130spanya\u2019y\u0131 yaln\u0131z b\u0131rakmak amac\u0131yla Fransa, Venedik ve Cenevizlere birtak\u0131m ticari ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar verdi. <\/div>\n
\nXVI. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda genelde Akdeniz\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen rekabet Osmanl\u0131 Devleti lehine sonu\u00e7land\u0131.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nOsmanl\u0131-Portekiz \u0130li\u015fkileri: <\/b><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/span><\/div>\n

\n<\/div>\n
\n
\nXV ve XVI. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Osmanl\u0131 Devleti, Portekizlilerle hem Akdeniz\u2019de hem de Atlas ve Hint okyanuslar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir rekabete giri\u015fti. <\/span><\/div>\n
\nOsmanl\u0131 Devleti, Akdeniz\u2019de g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir donanma kurarak Portekizlilerle k\u0131yas\u0131ya bir m\u00fccadeleye ba\u015flad\u0131. <\/span><\/div>\n
\nDi\u011fer yandan Hint ve Atlas okyanuslar\u0131nda Portekiz h\u00e2kimiyetini k\u0131rmak i\u00e7in Hint Deniz Seferlerini ba\u015flatt\u0131. <\/span><\/div>\n
\nOsmanl\u0131 Devleti her ne kadar okyanuslarda Portekiz h\u00e2kimiyetini k\u0131ramad\u0131ysa da XVI. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonunda Portekizlilerin Akdeniz\u2019deki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na son vermeyi ba\u015fard\u0131.<\/span><\/div>\n

<\/ins><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
<\/span><\/div>\n
\nOsmanl\u0131-Venedik \u0130li\u015fkileri<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n

Fatih D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n Ege Adalar\u0131n\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmeleri, b\u00f6lgede \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 zedelenen Venediklilerin Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019ne sava\u015f a\u00e7malar\u0131na neden oldu. <\/span>
\nBu sava\u015flar boyunca (1463-1479)  Osmanl\u0131lar E\u011friboz ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok aday\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irdiler. Sava\u015f\u0131n sonunda bar\u0131\u015f yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/span>
\nAntla\u015fma ile Venediklilere birtak\u0131m ticari ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar verildi. Fatih, bunu yaparak hem b\u00f6lge ticaretini canl\u0131 tutmay\u0131 hem de Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc denizci t\u00fcccar devletinin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc yan\u0131na \u00e7ekip onu, Avrupa Hristiyan birli\u011finden ay\u0131rmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lad\u0131.<\/span>
\nFatih D\u00f6nemi\u2019nden sonra, Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n Akdeniz\u2019de her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn h\u00e2kimiyet alanlar\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmeleri Venediklileri rahats\u0131z etti. <\/span><\/p>\n

Bundan sonra Venedikliler Osmanl\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fturulan Ha\u00e7l\u0131 ittifaklar\u0131nda yer ald\u0131lar.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n
\nOsmanl\u0131-Ceneviz \u0130li\u015fkileri<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/p>\n
\nCenevizler, XI. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan XVIII. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131na kadar \u0130talya Yar\u0131mas\u0131nda , bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Cenova civar\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f bir \u015fehir devleti idi.<\/div>\n
\n\u0130lk olarak Orhan Bey D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde, Osmanl\u0131lar ile Cenevizliler aras\u0131nda yo\u011fun bir ticari ili\u015fki ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/div>\n
\nOsmanl\u0131 Devleti, Cenevizlere verdi\u011fi ayr\u0131cal\u0131klarla bo\u011fazlar \u00e7evresinde Osmanl\u0131 Devleti aleyhine olu\u015fturulan Bizans-Venedik ittifak\u0131n\u0131 bozmak istedi.<\/div>\n
\n\u0130stanbul\u2019un Fethi ve sonras\u0131nda Cenevizliler, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019ne kar\u015f\u0131 olumsuz tav\u0131r tak\u0131nmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar.<\/div>\n
\nFatih D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde, Karadeniz\u2019de Cenevizlerin en b\u00fcy\u00fck kolonilerinden biri olan K\u0131r\u0131m ve Kefe\u2019nin ele ge\u00e7irilmesi sonucu Osmanl\u0131 Devleti; Karadeniz\u2019de \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ele ge\u00e7irdi. <\/div>\n
\nCenevizler, Osmanl\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fczenlenen Ha\u00e7l\u0131 ittifaklar\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015flarsa da, Osmanl\u0131larla ticari ili\u015fkilerini koparmamaya gayret g\u00f6stermi\u015flerdir<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n

<\/span><\/div>\n

Osmanl\u0131-Safevi \u0130li\u015fkileri<\/b><\/span>
\nFatih\u2019in 1473\u2019te Akkoyunlu Devleti ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/span>
\nOtlukbeli Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda Akkoyunlu Devleti da\u011f\u0131lma s\u00fcrecine girdi. <\/span>
\n1502 tarihinde Akkoyunlu Devleti\u2019ne son veren Safeviler b\u00f6lgede b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fc\u00e7 h\u00e2line geldi. <\/span>
\nOsmanl\u0131-Safevi ili\u015fkileri ilk olarak, II. Bayezid D\u00f6neminde ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/span>
\nSafeviler, bu d\u00f6nemde Anadolu\u2019da \u015eah Kulu \u0130syan\u0131\u2019n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131lar. <\/span>
\nYavuz Sultan Selim, h\u00fck\u00fcmdar olduktan sonra ilk i\u015f olarak Safevi, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Anadolu\u2019ya y\u00f6nelik \u015eii tehdidini ortadan kald\u0131rmay\u0131 hedefledi. <\/span>
\nBu sebeplerle yap\u0131lan 1514 \u00c7ald\u0131ran Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131  Osmanl\u0131 Devleti kazand\u0131. B\u00f6ylece <\/span>
\nAnadolu\u2019ya y\u00f6nelik \u015eii tehdidinin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmi\u015f oldu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kanuni D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde \u0130ran \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7 sefer sonras\u0131nda, Safeviler bar\u0131\u015f istemek zorunda kald\u0131. B\u00f6ylece bat\u0131ya yap\u0131lacak seferler i\u00e7in uygun bir ortam haz\u0131rland\u0131.<\/span>
\n
<\/b><\/span>
\nOsmanl\u0131-Meml\u00fbklu \u0130li\u015fkileri<\/b><\/span>
\n
<\/b><\/span>
\nX<\/b>VI. y\u00fczy\u0131lda iki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda  <\/span>T\u00fcrk ve \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n liderli\u011fi konusunda k\u0131yas\u0131ya bir m\u00fccadele vard\u0131.<\/span>
\nAbbasi halifesinin Meml\u00fbklar\u0131n koruyuculu\u011funda olmas\u0131, onlara \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ayr\u0131 bir itibar sa\u011fl\u0131yordu.<\/span>
\nOsmanl\u0131-Meml\u00fbklu rekabeti, II. Bayezid D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde sava\u015fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Sava\u015f sonunda Meml\u00fbklular h\u00e2kimiyet alanlar\u0131n\u0131 Anadolu\u2019nun g\u00fcneyine kadar geni\u015flettiler. <\/span>
\nYavuz Sultan Selim padi\u015fah olduktan sonra iki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda \u00f6nce 1516 Mercidab\u0131k, daha sonra 1517 Ridaniye sava\u015flar\u0131 ya\u015fand\u0131. <\/span><\/p>\n

Bu iki sava\u015f sonras\u0131nda Meml\u00fbklular\u0131n siyasi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na son veren Osmanl\u0131lar hem T\u00fcrk \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n tek lideri oldu hem de halifeli\u011fi ele ge\u00e7irdi.<\/span>
\n<\/ins><\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n

OSMANLI DEVLET\u0130\u2019N\u0130N XV VE XVI. Y\u00dcZYILLARDA \u0130ZLED\u0130\u011e\u0130 S\u0130YASET VE ETK\u0130LER\u0130<\/b><\/span>
\n
<\/b><\/span>
\nOsmanl\u0131 Devleti de Roma Katolik Kilisesini Hristiyan d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda yaln\u0131z b\u0131rakmak ve Avrupa Hristiyan birli\u011fini par\u00e7alamak amac\u0131yla \u00e7e\u015fitli tedbirler ald\u0131.<\/span>
\nOsmanl\u0131 Devleti kurulu\u015f D\u00f6nemi\u2019nden izlemi\u015f oldu\u011fu adaletli ve ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fc politika sayesinde Balkan halk\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenini kazand\u0131.<\/span>
\nHatta ba\u015fta Bosna ve Hersekliler olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok Balkan halk\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olarak M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tercih etti.<\/span>
\nFatih Sultan Mehmet, \u0130stanbul\u2019u fethettikten sonra \u015fehirdeki t\u00fcm gayrim\u00fcslimlere inan\u00e7 ve ibadet \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tan\u0131d\u0131. Katolik Roma Kilisesine kar\u015f\u0131, Ortodokslar\u0131 himaye edecek Hristiyan birli\u011fini bozmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lad\u0131.<\/span>
\n<\/span>
\nKanuni, Reform hareketlerinin Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin yarar\u0131na oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc. Luther\u2019e ve Protestanlara destek verdi. <\/span>
\n
<\/b><\/span>
\nReform Hareketleri <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n
\n
\nXVI. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131ndan itibaren Avrupa\u2019da <\/span><\/div>\n
\nKatolik Kilisesinin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 zenginle\u015fmesi<\/span><\/div>\n
\nYozla\u015fmas\u0131, <\/span><\/div>\n
\nSiyasetle ve d\u00fcnyevi etkinliklerle daha fazla ilgilenmeye ba\u015flamas\u0131 bir\u00e7ok din adam\u0131 ve halk\u0131n tepkisine yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/span><\/div>\n
\nBu durum ba\u015fta Almanya olmak \u00fczere Fransa, \u0130ngiltere ve Kuzey Avrupa \u00fclkelerine yay\u0131lan Reform hareketlerine neden oldu.<\/span><\/div>\n
\nAlmanya\u2019da Reform hareketlerinin \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc, ilahiyat\u00e7\u0131 Martin Luther (Martin Luter) oldu. Luther 1517\u2019de yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildiride kilisenin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015flara vurgu yapt\u0131. <\/span><\/div>\n
\nLuther\u2019in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinden etkilenen fakir Alman k\u00f6yl\u00fcleri ve \u015f\u00f6valyeler ayaklanma ba\u015flatarak kilise topraklar\u0131na ve mallar\u0131na sald\u0131rd\u0131lar. <\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n<\/p>\n
\nLutherciler\u2019in ayaklanmalar\u0131ndan endi\u015felenen Alman \u0130mparatoru \u015earlken, Reform Hareketlerinin yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde kalmas\u0131na dair bir karar \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131 (1529). <\/div>\n
\n\u015earlken\u2019in bu karar\u0131n\u0131 be\u015f Alman prensi ve on d\u00f6rt \u015fehir protesto etti. <\/div>\n
\nBu y\u00fczden Luther taraftarlar\u0131na \u201cProtestan\u201d ad\u0131 verildi. <\/div>\n
\n\u015earlken ve Luther taraftarlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yirmi be\u015f y\u0131l s\u00fcren sava\u015flar oldu. Bu sava\u015flar sonunda \u201cAugsburg Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u201d ile Protestanlara inan\u00e7 serbestli\u011fi tan\u0131nd\u0131 (1555).<\/div>\n
\nReform Hareketleri sonucunda Avrupa\u2019da mezhep birli\u011finin bozulmas\u0131, Otuz Y\u0131l Sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131na neden oldu (1618-1648). 1648 Vestfalya Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ile sava\u015f sona erdi.<\/div>\n
\nSava\u015f sonras\u0131nda Almanya zay\u0131flad\u0131, Fransa g\u00fc\u00e7lendi. \u0130ngiltere\u2019de ise I. Elizabeth (Elizabet) mutlak monar\u015fi anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00fclkesinde daha da g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/div>\n

<\/ins><\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n
\nReform Hareketleri ve Osmanl\u0131<\/b><\/div>\n

<\/span><\/div>\n

\n<\/div>\n
\n
\nReform hareketleri Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nde etkili olamad\u0131. <\/span><\/div>\n
\n\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan Hristiyanlar, din ve vicdan \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne sahiplerdi.<\/span><\/div>\n
\nOsmanl\u0131 Devleti, Avrupa\u2019daki Reform hareketleriyle siyasi a\u00e7\u0131dan ilgilendi. <\/span><\/div>\n
\nD\u00f6nemin h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 Kanuni, Luther\u2019e ve Protestanlara destek verdi. <\/span><\/div>\n
\nAvrupa\u2019daki kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klardan faydalanarak Viyana \u00f6nlerine kadar ilerledi.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
<\/span><\/div>\n
\nOsmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin Kuzey Afrika\u2019daki M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara y\u00f6nelik himaye politikalar\u0131 <\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/p>\n
\nOsmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin Kuzey Afrika\u2019daki h\u00e2kimiyeti 1517\u2019de M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n fethiyle ba\u015flad\u0131<\/div>\n
\n\u0130spanyollar\u0131n Kuzey Afrika\u2019y\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irme ihtimalleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00fcnl\u00fc T\u00fcrk denizcileri Oru\u00e7 Reis ile H\u0131z\u0131r Reis, bu b\u00f6lgelerde T\u00fcrk h\u00e2kimiyetini tesis etme hedefine y\u00f6neldiler. <\/div>\n
\n\u0130lk olarak Cezayir\u2019i denetimleri alt\u0131na ald\u0131lar. <\/div>\n
\nOru\u00e7 Reis\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra Kanuni D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n hizmetine giren H\u0131z\u0131r Reis (Barbaros Hayrettin Pa\u015fa), Cezayir\u2019i Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na katt\u0131 (1529)<\/div>\n
\nBarbaros\u2019un \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra yerine Turgut Reis ge\u00e7ti. Turgut Reis, Saint Jean (Sen Jan) \u015f\u00f6valyelerinin denetiminde olan Trablusgarp\u2019\u0131 (1551), bir s\u00fcre sonra da Tunus\u2019u (1574)  alarak Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na katt\u0131.<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n

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\nNot: \u00dcnitenin devam\u0131na www.tarihkursu.com \/ders notlar\u0131<\/a><\/span> b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden ula\u015fabilirsiniz.<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
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Yotube kanal\u0131m\u0131za abone olmak i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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Tarih ders notlar\u0131, yks tarih ders notlar\u0131, ayt tarih ders notlar\u0131, tyt tarih ders notlar\u0131, tarih \u00f6zet, tarih 9 ders notlar\u0131, tarih 10 ders notlar\u0131, […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_regular_price":[],"currency_symbol":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[58],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-757","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ders-notlari"],"post_slider_layout_featured_media_urls":{"thumbnail":"","post_slider_layout_landscape_large":"","post_slider_layout_portrait_large":"","post_slider_layout_square_large":"","post_slider_layout_landscape":"","post_slider_layout_portrait":"","post_slider_layout_square":"","full":""},"yoast_head":"\nKANUN\u0130 D\u00d6NEM\u0130 - TAR\u0130H 10 5. \u00dcN\u0130TE D\u00dcNYA G\u00dcC\u00dc OSMANLI (1453-1595) 5. 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