{"id":824,"date":"2018-11-20T11:17:00","date_gmt":"2018-11-20T08:17:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2018\/11\/20\/tarimdan-ticarete-ekonomi-tarih-9-3-unite-orta-cagda-dunya-2-konu\/"},"modified":"2018-11-20T11:17:00","modified_gmt":"2018-11-20T08:17:00","slug":"tarimdan-ticarete-ekonomi-tarih-9-3-unite-orta-cagda-dunya-2-konu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2018\/11\/20\/tarimdan-ticarete-ekonomi-tarih-9-3-unite-orta-cagda-dunya-2-konu\/","title":{"rendered":"TARIMDAN T\u0130CARETE EKONOM\u0130 – TAR\u0130H 9 3. \u00dcN\u0130TE ORTA \u00c7A\u011e\u2019DA D\u00dcNYA 2. KONU"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n<\/a><\/div>\n

Tarih ders notlar\u0131, yks tarih ders notlar\u0131, ayt tarih ders notlar\u0131, tyt tarih ders notlar\u0131, tarih \u00f6zet, tarih 9 ders notlar\u0131, tarih 10 ders notlar\u0131, tarih 11 ders notlar\u0131, ink\u0131lap tarihi ders notlar\u0131, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk ve d\u00fcnya tarihi ders notlar\u0131, g\u00fcncel tarih ders notlar\u0131, \u00f6zet konu anlat\u0131m, k\u0131sa tarih, yeni kitaba g\u00f6re haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f ders notlar\u0131, yeni m\u00fcfredat tarih , tarih pdf<\/b><\/span>
\n<\/a>
\n
<\/b><\/span>
\nTARIMDAN T\u0130CARETE EKONOM\u0130<\/b><\/span>
\n
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\nArt\u0131 \u00dcr\u00fcnden Sosyal S\u0131n\u0131flara<\/b><\/span>
\n\u0130lk ve Orta \u00c7a\u011f\u2019da Toplumsal Tabakala\u015fma<\/b><\/span>
\nKast Sistemi<\/b><\/span>
\nOrta \u00c7a\u011f\u2019da Ticaret<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130lk ve Orta \u00c7a\u011f\u2019da Ticaret Yollar\u0131<\/b><\/span>
\n
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\nArt\u0131 \u00dcr\u00fcnden Sosyal S\u0131n\u0131flara<\/b><\/span>
\n
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\nYa\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n yeterli oldu\u011fu ve do\u011fal besin kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n bol oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir anlam ifade etmeyen art\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn, kurak b\u00f6lgelerde hayati \u00f6neme sahiptir. <\/span>
\n\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu b\u00f6lgelerde art\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcne sahip olan yerle\u015fim merkezleri avantajl\u0131 duruma ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve bu durum onlara g\u00fc\u00e7 kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span>
\nAyr\u0131ca art\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn, di\u011fer ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in de\u011fi\u015f toku\u015fu geli\u015ftimi\u015f ve \u00e7ift\u00e7ilik d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yeni meslekler ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7ift\u00e7i, esnaf, t\u00fcccar, din adam\u0131, sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131 gibi yeni s\u0131n\u0131flardan olu\u015fan daha b\u00fcy\u00fck topluluklar \u015fehir toplumunun do\u011fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span>
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\nArt\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin bir merkezde toplanmas\u0131 ve halka <\/span>buradan da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 toplumda tabakala\u015fmay\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span>
\n\u00d6rne\u011fin Mezopotamya\u2019daki tap\u0131naklarda toplanan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin kayd\u0131n\u0131 tutan din adamlar\u0131, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 kontrol etmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span>
\nB\u00f6ylece tap\u0131nak rahipleri toplumda \u00fcst tabakay\u0131 olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur.<\/span>
\nMezopotamya\u2019da topraklar \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyet alt\u0131nda iken M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da firavun, t\u00fcm topraklar\u0131n sahibidir. Topraklar\u0131 kullanan k\u00f6yl\u00fcler ise kirac\u0131 durumundad\u0131r.<\/span>
\nS\u00fcmerlerde toprak m\u00fclkiyeti; tap\u0131naklara ait topraklar, kent y\u00f6neticilerine ait topraklar ve ortak\u00e7\u0131 usul\u00fc ile i\u015fletilen k\u00f6yl\u00fclere ait topraklar olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7e ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span>
\nHititlerde ise toprak, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve b\u00fcy\u00fck t\u0131mar par\u00e7alar\u0131na b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/span>
\n<\/ins>
\n<\/span>
\n
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\n\u0130lk \u00c7a\u011f\u2019da Vergi<\/b><\/span>
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\n\u0130lk \u00e7a\u011flardan itibaren devletler vergi toplamaya ihtiya\u00e7 duymu\u015ftur.<\/span>
\nM\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da vergiler ve kiralar, t\u00fcm ekili topraklardan d\u00fczenli bir \u015fekilde firavun ad\u0131na toplanm\u0131\u015f ve kamu binalar\u0131nda \u00e7ok say\u0131da insan \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span>
\nM\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da k\u00f6yl\u00fcler de ortak\u00e7\u0131 olarak vergi vermekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. <\/span>
\n<\/ins><\/p>\n

S\u00fcmerlerde ise h\u00fcr vatanda\u015flar vergi \u00f6demek zorundayken Urkagina, sosyal adaletsizli\u011fi \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok vergiyi kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir yap\u0131ya sahip olan Roma\u2019da tar\u0131mdan elde edilen fazla \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn vergilendirilmesiyle olu\u015fan kaynaklar; orduyu, b\u00fcrokrasiyi ve \u015fehirli n\u00fcfusu beslemi\u015ftir.<\/span>
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\n\u0130lk \u00c7a\u011f\u2019da Toplum<\/b><\/span>
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\n\u0130lk \u00c7a\u011f\u2019da toplum; asiller, din adamlar\u0131, h\u00fcrler <\/span>ve k\u00f6leler gibi s\u0131n\u0131flara ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span>
\nTopra\u011fa sahip olan soylular, y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca ge\u00e7erli olacak g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc stat\u00fcler kazanarak sosyal,ekonomik, siyasi g\u00fcc\u00fcn belirleyicisi olmu\u015ftur. <\/span>
\nBu s\u00fcre\u00e7 tar\u0131m toplumlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netim \u015fekli olan monar\u015fiyi ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span>
\nTarihin baz\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerinde monar\u015filer par\u00e7alansa da soylu s\u0131n\u0131fa dayanan siyasal y\u00f6netimler varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/span>
\nOrta \u00c7a\u011f Avrupas\u0131\u2019ndaki feodalite sisteminde, ayni vergiler devam etmekle birlikte ordunun ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 etraf\u0131 surlarla \u00e7evrili kalelerde ya\u015fayan feodal beyler taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span>
\nK\u00f6leler, serfler ve h\u00fcr k\u00f6yl\u00fcler, korunma ve adalet kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda seny\u00f6rlere mal ve hizmet \u00fcretmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/span>
\n
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\nKast Sistemi<\/b><\/span>
\n
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\nTarih boyunca k\u00f6lelik, kast sistemi ve mevkiye ba\u011fl\u0131 sistem gibi toplumsal tabakala\u015fmalardan s\u00f6z edilebilir.<\/span>
\nHindistan\u2019da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan Kast sistemi, bir ki\u015finin toplumsal konumunun ya\u015fam\u0131 boyunca belirlendi\u011fi toplumsal bir d\u00fczendir. <\/span>
\nKast sistemi; brahmanlar (din adamlar\u0131), k\u015fatriyalar (askerler),  vaisyalar(\u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar) ve sudralar (i\u015f\u00e7iler ve k\u00f6leler) s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131ndan olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kast grubunun \u00fcyesi; brahmanlara sayg\u0131l\u0131 olup kendi kast\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6revlerini yerine getirirse di\u011fer hayat\u0131nda daha \u00fcst bir kastta do\u011facak e\u011fer bunlar\u0131 yerine getirmezse daha alt bir kast\u0131n \u00fcyesi olarak yeniden d\u00fcnyaya gelecektir.<\/span>
\n
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\nKast toplumlar\u0131nda farkl\u0131 toplumsal gruplar birbirlerine kapal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span>
\nBu sistemde herkes, bir daha terk edemeyece\u011fi bir kast i\u00e7inde do\u011far, bu kasttan e\u015f se\u00e7er ve bu kast i\u00e7inde \u00f6l\u00fcr. <\/span>
\nHer kast bireyinin alabilece\u011fi e\u011fitim ve yapabilece\u011fi meslek t\u00fcrleri bellidir. <\/span>
\nBu d\u00fczende insanlar\u0131n di\u011fer kastlar\u0131n \u00fcyeleriyle ba\u011flant\u0131 kurmalar\u0131<\/span>
\nengellenmi\u015ftir. <\/span>
\n<\/span>
\nKast sisteminin mevcut yap\u0131lanmas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, k\u00f6ylerin ve yerle\u015fim yerlerinin en uzak yerlerinde ya\u015famalar\u0131na izin verilmi\u015f parya denilen bir s\u0131n\u0131f daha vard\u0131r.<\/span>
\n<\/ins><\/p>\n


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\nOrta \u00c7a\u011f\u2019da Ticaret<\/b><\/span>
\n
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\nOrta \u00c7a\u011f\u2019da Asya ile Avrupa aras\u0131ndaki ticari faaliyetler genellikle ticaret yollar\u0131 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/span>
\nBu ticaret yollar\u0131, ticari \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra k\u0131talar aras\u0131nda k\u00fclt\u00fcr al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fine de imk\u00e2n sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span>
\nTicaret yollar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki ula\u015f\u0131m, kervanlar vas\u0131tas\u0131yla sa\u011flan\u0131rd\u0131.<\/span>
\nOrta \u00c7a\u011f\u2019da \u00fc\u00e7 yelkenli gemilerin, pusula ve haritan\u0131n da kullan\u0131m\u0131yla denizcili\u011fin ticari de\u011feri artmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/span>
\nKervanlar\u0131n konaklad\u0131\u011f\u0131, mola verdi\u011fi ve ticari mallar\u0131n t\u00fcketiciye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 mek\u00e2nlara tarih boyunca farkl\u0131 isimler verilmi\u015fti. <\/span>
\nHanlar: Kervanlar\u0131n indi\u011fi, mallar\u0131n depoland\u0131\u011f\u0131, at\u00f6lyelerin bulundu\u011fu ve ticaretin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerdi. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7ar\u015f\u0131: Hanlarda birden fazla d\u00fckk\u00e2n olmas\u0131 durumunda buraya \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131 da denilirdi.<\/span>
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\nArasta: Genellikle ayn\u0131 esnaf grubuna ait d\u00fckk\u00e2nlar\u0131n bir sokak \u00fczerinde s\u0131ralanmas\u0131 ile meydana gelmekteydi. <\/span>
\nRibatlar: \u0130slamiyet\u2019in ilk d\u00f6nemlerinde daha \u00e7ok korunma, savunma ve asker\u00ee ama\u00e7l\u0131 in\u015fa edilerek karakol veya ordug\u00e2h olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. S\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgelerinde yo\u011funla\u015fan bu yap\u0131lar, y\u00fcksek duvarlarla \u00e7evrili olup avlu ve g\u00f6zc\u00fc kulelerinden olu\u015furdu. XI. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan sonra s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n geni\u015flemesiyle birlikte i\u00e7 b\u00f6lgelerde kalan ribatlar, i\u015flev de\u011fi\u015ftirerek ticari konaklama amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/span>
\nPazar ve panay\u0131rlar: G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki fuarlara benzeyen panay\u0131rlar, XIII. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonuna kadar pek \u00e7ok \u00fclkenin ticaretinde \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015f ve ekonomik hayata da canl\u0131l\u0131k getiren \u00f6nemli bir unsur olmu\u015ftur. Pazarlar ise a\u00e7\u0131k havada yer alm\u0131\u015f ve genel olarak haftan\u0131n belirli g\u00fcnleri toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span>
\n<\/span>
\nKapan: T\u00fcrk \u0130slam \u015fehirlerinde s\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fclen kapanlar, toptan ticaretin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerdi (ya\u011f kapan\u0131, un kapan\u0131 gibi).<\/span>
\n<\/ins><\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n
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\nKervansaraylar: K\u00f6keni ribata dayanan kervansaraylar da kervanlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve konaklamas\u0131 i\u00e7in ana yol kenar\u0131nda tesis edilirdi. <\/span><\/div>\n
\nKervansaraylar genellikle 8-10 saatlik y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f mesafesinde, 35\u201340 km aral\u0131klarla kurulurdu. Vak\u0131f sistemi sayesinde g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar gelen kervansaraylar, yollar \u00fczerinde kurulan ve kamu yarar\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ticari yap\u0131lard\u0131.<\/span><\/div>\n
\nTicaret mallar\u0131 deniz yoluyla ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131rken bazen limanlarda mola vermi\u015f, bazen de bu mallar\u0131n yolculu\u011fu limanlarda son bulmu\u015ftur. B\u00fcy\u00fck karayollar\u0131n\u0131n her zaman denizle irtibat\u0131 olmu\u015f ve ticaret yollar\u0131 bir limanda tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle liman kentleri, d\u00fcnya ekonomisinin en \u00f6nemli birimlerinden olmu\u015ftur. Limanlardan kentlere ula\u015fan mallar, burada hanlar, kapanlar, bedestenler, \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131lar ve pazar yerlerinden insanlara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\nParan\u0131n Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
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\nEkonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6nemli olan maden\u00ee paran\u0131n <\/span><\/div>\n
\nortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 ,ticari ve mali geli\u015fmeleri kolayla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. <\/span><\/div>\n
\nAnadolu\u2019da yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131larda bulunan ilk para \u00f6rnekleri M\u00d6 VII. y\u00fczy\u0131la ait olup bunlar\u0131 Lidya kral\u0131 bast\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/div>\n
\nParan\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcndeki kral resmi ya da \u015fehir sembol\u00fc, paray\u0131 bast\u0131ran\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ve ihti\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. <\/span><\/div>\n
\nKrallar i\u00e7in para basmak bir egemenlik sembol\u00fc oldu\u011fu kadar ayn\u0131 zamanda ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan da \u00f6nemlidir. <\/span><\/div>\n
\nMetal sikkelerden yap\u0131lan ilk paralar, genellikle alt\u0131n ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015ften bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
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\n\u0130lk ve Orta \u00c7a\u011f\u2019da Ticaret Yollar\u0131 <\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
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\nKral Yolu<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
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\n<\/span><\/p>\n
\nAnadolu yollar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131n \u00e7a\u011f\u0131, Pers \u0130mparatoru Darius\u2019un yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kral Yolu ile ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span><\/div>\n

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\nAnadolu\u2019da, Ege B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde bulunan Salihli civar\u0131ndaki Sardes\u2019ten ba\u015flay\u0131p Pers \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun ba\u015fkenti Sus\u2019a kadar uzanan Kral Yolu, Anadolu yollar\u0131n\u0131n belkemi\u011fini olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur.<\/div>\n
\n2 600 km uzunlu\u011fundaki Kral Yolu\u2019nun \u00e7evresindeki ekonomi merkezleri, Ege k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki \u00f6nemli limanlara ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n

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\n\u0130pek Yolu<\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
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\n\u0130pek Yolu, \u0130lk ve Orta \u00c7a\u011flarda \u00c7in ve Orta Do\u011fu ile Bat\u0131 \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131ndaki transit kara ticaretinde kullan\u0131lan en i\u015flek ticaret yoludur. Yol \u00c7in\u2019den ba\u015flayarak Akdeniz, Anadolu ve \u0130ran \u00fczerinden Avrupa\u2019ya ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n
\n\u0130pek Yolu insan eliyle a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir yol olmay\u0131p tabiat\u0131n ve iklimin haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 geni\u015f vadi yataklar\u0131 ile kervanlar\u0131n konaklamalar\u0131na yarayacak vahalardan olu\u015fmu\u015ftur.<\/div>\n
\n\u0130pek Yolu, tarih boyunca hem ge\u00e7ti\u011fi b\u00f6lgeleri iktisadi a\u00e7\u0131dan kalk\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131p halk\u0131n refah seviyesini y\u00fckseltmi\u015f hem de Do\u011fu- Bat\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve uygarl\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc olmu\u015ftur.<\/div>\n
\n\u0130pek Yolu\u2019nun h\u00e2kimiyeti i\u00e7in b\u00f6lgede s\u00fcrekli siyasi ve asker\u00ee m\u00fccadeleler olmu\u015ftur. \u0130pek Yolu\u2019ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7 m\u00fccadelesini belirleyicileri \u00c7inliler, T\u00fcrkler, Mo\u011follar, Farslar, Araplar ve Ruslard\u0131r. <\/div>\n
\n\u0130pek Yolu\u2019na h\u00e2kim olan kavimler, d\u00fcnya siyasetinde etkin rol oynam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
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\nBu yol, T\u00fcrklerin b\u00f6lgedeki manevi unsurlarla temas etmelerini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/div>\n
\n\u0130slamiyet \u00f6ncesinde b\u00f6lgeye egemen T\u00fcrk devletleri; Hunlar, Avarlar ve K\u00f6k T\u00fcrkler\u2019dir. <\/div>\n
\n\u0130lk T\u00fcrk \u0130slam devletlerinden olan Karahanl\u0131lar\u0131n ve Gaznelilerin h\u0131zl\u0131 y\u00fckseli\u015finin nedenlerinden biri de \u0130pek Yolu\u2019nun kilit noktalar\u0131 olan Hotan ve Kabil gibi \u015fehirleri ticari merkez olarak kullanmalar\u0131d\u0131r. <\/div>\n
\nMo\u011follar\u0131n h\u00e2kimiyetinden sonra bu yolun alt\u0131n \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 sona ermi\u015f ve \u0130pek Yolu di\u011fer kara ve deniz yollar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6lgesinde kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n

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\n<\/div>\n
\nK\u00fcrk Yolu<\/b><\/div>\n
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\nK\u00fcrk Yolu, Don Nehri\u2019nin denize d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yerden<\/div>\n
\n ba\u015flay\u0131p Ural Da\u011flar\u0131 ve G\u00fcney Sibirya ormanlar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131ndan Altaylar\u2019a,<\/div>\n
\nSayan Da\u011flar\u0131 \u00fczerinden \u00c7in\u2019e ve Amur Nehri\u2019ne ula\u015fan yoldur. <\/div>\n
\nBu yoldan hayvanlarla getirilen deri ve postlar, \u0130til Nehri vas\u0131tas\u0131yla Hazar Devleti\u2019nin merkezi Hanbal\u0131k\u2019a (Etil) ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/div>\n
\nDaha sonra da G\u00fcney Sibirya\u2019dan ge\u00e7erek Avrupa\u2019ya ve \u0130slam \u00fclkelerine g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. <\/div>\n
\nBu yolun do\u011fu ucu ise T\u00fcrk devletlerinin merkezi olan Orhun B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nden \u00c7in\u2019e kadar uzanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\nBaharat Yolu<\/b><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\nHindistan’dan ba\u015flayarak Avrupa\u2019ya ula\u015fan ticaret yoluna Baharat Yolu denmi\u015ftir. Bu yol, co\u011frafi ke\u015fifler sonucunda \u00f6nemini kaybetti.<\/div>\n
\nAvrupa’da ticaretinin dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 temelleri olu\u015fturan ve do\u011fuyu bat\u0131ya ba\u011flayan \u0130pek Yolu, g\u00fcneyi bat\u0131ya ba\u011flayan Baharat Yolu, kuzeyi g\u00fcney ve bat\u0131ya ba\u011flayan K\u00fcrk Yolu zamanla M\u00fcsl\u00fcman topluluklar\u0131n eline ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/div>\n
\nK\u0131sa s\u00fcrede refaha ula\u015fan \u0130slam \u00fclkeleri Orta \u00c7a\u011f Avrupas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n i\u015ftah\u0131n\u0131 kabartm\u0131\u015f, b\u00f6ylece iki y\u00fczy\u0131la yak\u0131n s\u00fcrecek olan Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferleri ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/div>\n
\nTicaret yollar\u0131n\u0131 ve Orta Do\u011fu\u2019nun zenginli\u011fini ele ge\u00e7irmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan bu seferler, Avrupa a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tam bir hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\nNot: \u00dcnitenin devam\u0131na www.tarihkursu.com \/ders notlar\u0131<\/a><\/span> b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden ula\u015fabilirsiniz.<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
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\n
\nDaha fazlas\u0131 i\u00e7in bizi takip edin<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\nhttp:\/\/www.tarihkursu.com\/<\/a><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\nFacebook sayfam\u0131z\u0131 be\u011fenmek i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n<\/span><\/b><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n

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Yotube kanal\u0131m\u0131za abone olmak i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n<\/div>\n
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\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tarih ders notlar\u0131, yks tarih ders notlar\u0131, ayt tarih ders notlar\u0131, tyt tarih ders notlar\u0131, tarih \u00f6zet, tarih 9 ders notlar\u0131, tarih 10 ders notlar\u0131, […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_regular_price":[],"currency_symbol":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[58,62],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-824","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ders-notlari","category-konu-ozetleri"],"post_slider_layout_featured_media_urls":{"thumbnail":"","post_slider_layout_landscape_large":"","post_slider_layout_portrait_large":"","post_slider_layout_square_large":"","post_slider_layout_landscape":"","post_slider_layout_portrait":"","post_slider_layout_square":"","full":""},"yoast_head":"\nTARIMDAN T\u0130CARETE EKONOM\u0130 - TAR\u0130H 9 3. \u00dcN\u0130TE ORTA \u00c7A\u011e\u2019DA D\u00dcNYA 2. 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