{"id":907,"date":"2017-11-20T11:24:00","date_gmt":"2017-11-20T08:24:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2017\/11\/20\/gecmisten-gunumuze-ulkemizde-yapilmis-darbeler-tarihi\/"},"modified":"2017-11-20T11:24:00","modified_gmt":"2017-11-20T08:24:00","slug":"gecmisten-gunumuze-ulkemizde-yapilmis-darbeler-tarihi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tarihkursu.com\/index.php\/2017\/11\/20\/gecmisten-gunumuze-ulkemizde-yapilmis-darbeler-tarihi\/","title":{"rendered":"GE\u00c7M\u0130\u015eTEN G\u00dcN\u00dcM\u00dcZE \u00dcLKEM\u0130ZDE YAPILMI\u015e DARBELER TAR\u0130H\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/a><\/div>\n

T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019DE
\nGE\u00c7M\u0130\u015eTEN G\u00dcN\u00dcM\u00dcZE DARBELER TAR\u0130H\u0130<\/b><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n

\nT\u00fcrk Dil Kurumu
\ns\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde darbe, \u201cBir \u00fclkede bask\u0131 kurarak, zor kullanarak veya demokratik
\nyollardan yararlanarak h\u00fck\u00fbmeti istifa ettirme veya rejimi de\u011fi\u015ftirecek bi\u00e7imde
\ny\u00f6netimi devirme i\u015fi\u201d  olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r.<\/span>
\n<\/a><\/div>\n
\n<\/span><\/div>\n
\nT\u00fcrkiye co\u011frafyas\u0131
\n\u00fczerinde, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin 9. Padi\u015fah\u0131 Yavuz Sultan Selim ile ba\u015flayan
\nAskeri darbeler ser\u00fcveni sonraki y\u0131llarda bir\u00e7ok defa kendini \u00e7ok farkl\u0131
\n\u015fekillerde g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Nitekim bu darbeler ser\u00fcveni sonraki y\u0131llarda farkl\u0131
\n\u015fekillerde ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyet’inin kurulmas\u0131 ile beraber
\nAskeri vesayetin devlet sistemi i\u00e7erisinde ne denli bir akt\u00f6r oldu\u011fu
\ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u00d6zellikle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Cumhuriyetin ilan edilmesinden sonra askeri vesayet kimi zaman hakemlik i\u015flevini \u00fcstlenmi\u015f kimi zamanda
\nBek\u00e7ilik ve Y\u00f6neticilik i\u015flevlerini \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir.<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\n24 Nisan 1512\u2019de Osmanl\u0131
\nDevleti\u2019nin 9. Padi\u015fah\u0131 Sultan Selim (Yavuz), \u015eah \u0130smail\u2019in do\u011fudaki faaliyetlerini
\nhen\u00fcz \u015fehzadeli\u011fi s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ve \u00f6nlem alma ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 Trabzon\u2019da \u015fehzade
\niken duymu\u015ftur. Bu \u00f6nlem alma ihtiyac\u0131 I. Selim\u2019in taht iddias\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmi\u015f
\nve Selim\u2019in di\u011fer taht rakipleri a\u011fabeyleri \u015eehzade Korkut ve \u015eehzade Ahmet
\naras\u0131nda rekabet ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. <\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\nBu s\u0131rada ya\u015f\u0131 ilerlemi\u015f olan II. Bayezid,
\nYeni\u00e7erilerin I. Selim\u2019i desteklemesi ve kendisine de bask\u0131 yapmas\u0131 sonucu
\ntaht\u0131 I. Selim\u2019e b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 T\u00fcrkiye Co\u011frafyas\u0131nda Askeri Darbe
\nser\u00fcvenlerinin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/div>\n

\nDaha sonraki d\u00f6nemlerde
\nyenilik hareketlerinin \u00f6n\u00fc ihtilal hareketleri ile kesilmi\u015ftir. Nitekim Sultan
\nII. Osman\u2019\u0131n (Gen\u00e7 Osman) ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 da bundan pek farks\u0131z de\u011fildir. Osmanl\u0131
\nTarihinde \u015f\u00fcphesiz yenile\u015fmenin zirvesinde III. Selim bulunur. Ancak bu yenile\u015fme
\nhareketini ba\u015flatan II. Osman yani Gen\u00e7 Osman\u2019d\u0131r. Sert tav\u0131rlar\u0131 ile k\u0131sa
\ns\u00fcrede Yeni\u00e7erilerin nefretini kazanan Gen\u00e7 Osman bizzat ba\u015fkomutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131
\n\u00fcstlenmesi ile bu nefret daha da artm\u0131\u015f ve neticede bir isyana d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.
\n\u0130syanc\u0131lar I. Mustafa\u2019y\u0131 bulundu\u011fu h\u00fccreden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p Sultan ilan etmi\u015flerdir.
\nGen\u00e7 Osman ise Yedi Kule zindanlar\u0131na kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve ihtilal sonucu katledilen
\nilk Sultan olarak tarihteki yerini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n
\n<\/a><\/div>\n


<\/span><\/div>\n

\nOsmanl\u0131\u2019da bir sonraki
\naskeri ihtilal, yenile\u015fme fikri sonras\u0131 kendini g\u00f6stermi\u015f ve zuhur etmi\u015ftir.
\nOsmanl\u0131 d\u00fczenini yeniden tesis etmek isteyen III. Selim ile Yeni\u00e7eriler
\naras\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7eki\u015fmesini do\u011furmu\u015f ve Yeni\u00e7eriler, Kabak\u00e7\u0131 Mustafa \u00f6nderli\u011finde
\nayakland\u0131lar. 29 May\u0131s 1807 y\u0131l\u0131nda III. Selim tahttan \u00e7ekilmek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015f
\nve \u2018\u015fim\u015firlik\u2019 denen h\u00fccreye kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\n1870\u2019li y\u0131llarda Yeni
\nOsmanl\u0131lar Mithat Pa\u015fa \u00f6nderli\u011finde Me\u015frutiyet idaresine ge\u00e7ilmesini istiyordu.
\nNitekim k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede Sadrazamlar g\u00f6revden uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sonras\u0131nda
\nAbd\u00fclaziz de tahttan indirilmi\u015f 5. Murat tahta \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/div>\n

\n93 Harbi\u2019nden sonra
\n(1877-78 Osmanl\u0131 Rus sava\u015f\u0131) Osmanl\u0131\u2019da II. Abd\u00fclhamit\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen
\nmuhalefet hareketleri g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e devam etmi\u015f. II. Abd\u00fclhamit iktidar\u0131n\u0131
\nola\u011fan \u00fcst\u00fc hal \u015fartlar\u0131nda ge\u00e7irmek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015f ve 30 y\u0131ll\u0131k iktidar\u0131 1909
\ny\u0131l\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ayaklanma ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Meclis-i Mebusan kararlar\u0131 ile
\ntahttan indirilmi\u015f yerine 5. Mehmet Re\u015fat ge\u00e7irilmi\u015ftir.<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\nTarihimizdeki askeri
\nihtilallerin biri de \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti \u00f6nderli\u011finde yap\u0131lan B\u00e2b-\u0131 Ali
\nH\u00fck\u00fcmet binas\u0131 bask\u0131n\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130ktidar olma u\u011fruna yap\u0131lan bu bask\u0131n Kamil Pa\u015fa
\nh\u00fck\u00fcmetinin istifa ile son buldu.<\/span><\/div>\n
\nCumhuriyet\u2019in ilan\u0131
\nsonras\u0131nda darbeler bir ba\u015fka boyut kazanm\u0131\u015f ve istenilen durumda h\u00fck\u00fcmete
\nm\u00fcdahale eden askeri vesayet haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/div>\n

\nBu askeri vesayet
\n\u00f6rne\u011fini 1960 y\u0131l\u0131nda ve sonraki d\u00f6nemlerde g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. 1959 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk
\nkez demokratik usullerle iktidara gelen Menderes H\u00fck\u00fcmeti \u00f6zellikle Cumhuriyet
\nHalk F\u0131rkas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcrekli ele\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. \u00d6yle ki bu ele\u015ftiriler laiklik
\ntart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 beraberinde getirmi\u015f ve Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn miras\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131kma d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi
\nAskeri idare taraf\u0131ndan ortaya at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Askeri cunta yap\u0131lan ihtilal ile
\nFatih R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc Zorlu ve Hasan Polatkan\u2019\u0131, Adnan Menderes ile birlikte idam
\nettirmi\u015ftir. Bu ihtilal sonras\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bir\u00e7ok kurum faaliyet g\u00f6stermeye
\nba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle de bu darbe bir ilk olma \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\nBundan 11 y\u0131l sonra 3
\nkuvvet komutan\u0131 ve Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanan Muht\u0131ra ile
\nS\u00fcleyman Demirel h\u00fck\u00fcmeti d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Emir komuta zinciri i\u00e7erisinde kans\u0131z
\nbir \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen bu darbe bir ilk olma \u00f6rne\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Bu
\ndarbe sonras\u0131 di\u011fer ihtilallerin aksine partiler kapat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, meclis lav
\nedilmemi\u015f, yeni anayasa haz\u0131rlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nihat Erim H\u00fck\u00fcmeti kusursuz bir
\nbi\u00e7imde kurulmu\u015f ve g\u00f6reve ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/div>\n

\nEmir komuta zinciri
\ni\u00e7erisinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bir di\u011fer darbe giri\u015fimi de 12 Eyl\u00fcl 1980 Askeri
\nDarbesidir. Bu darbe giri\u015fimi de S\u00fcleyman Demirel h\u00fck\u00fcmetine y\u00f6nelik olmu\u015f ve
\nDemirel h\u00fck\u00fcmeti d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 12 Eyl\u00fcl 1980 darbesini haz\u0131rlayan bir\u00e7ok sebep
\nvard\u0131r. Ya\u015fanan i\u00e7 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar, anar\u015fi ortam\u0131n\u0131n hat safhaya ula\u015fmas\u0131 sonucu,
\nKenan Evren ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bu darbenin bir\u00e7ok sonucu oldu. Ayr\u0131ca bu
\ndarbe bir\u00e7ok trajik olay\u0131 da beraberinde getirmi\u015ftir. Bunlar\u0131 rakamlarla
\na\u00e7\u0131klamak gerekirse; 1 milyon 683 bin ki\u015fi fi\u015flendi, 230 bin ki\u015fi tutukland\u0131 ve
\n517 ki\u015fi de idam edildi.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
\n1997 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde
\nT\u00fcrkiye bir kez daha bir darbe ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve post-modern darbe olarak
\nadland\u0131r\u0131lan 28 \u015eubat s\u00fcreci ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 28 \u015eubat 1997 y\u0131l\u0131nda
\nger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen olayl\u0131 Milli G\u00fcvenlik Kurulu toplant\u0131s\u0131 sonras\u0131 istifaya
\nzorlanan, Necmettin Erbakan ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki Refahyol H\u00fck\u00fcmeti do\u011frudan hedef
\nal\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eeriat ile m\u00fccadele kapsam\u0131nda sanat, k\u00fclt\u00fc ve b\u00fcrokraside b\u00fcy\u00fck
\nayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmalar bask\u0131lar ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 28 \u015eubat s\u00fcreci, getirdi\u011fi ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve
\ntoplumsal kutupla\u015fma ile ayr\u0131ca dikkate de\u011ferdir.<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/div>\n

\n               <\/span>\u00dclkemizde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen
\ndarbelerden biriside 27 Nisan e- muht\u0131ras\u0131d\u0131r. 27 Nisan 2007 Genelkurmay
\nBa\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imi dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile gece saat 23:20’de
\nl\u00e2iklikle ilgili a\u00e7\u0131klama yapt\u0131. Tarihe Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Orgeneral Ya\u015far
\nB\u00fcy\u00fckan\u0131t taraf\u0131ndan kaleme al\u0131nan e-muht\u0131ra olarak ge\u00e7en olay sonras\u0131 se\u00e7imin
\n1. turunda toplant\u0131 yeter say\u0131s\u0131 olan 367’ye ula\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle Ana
\nmuhalefet taraf\u0131ndan Anayasa Mahkemesi’ne yap\u0131lan itiraz ba\u015fvurusu 1 May\u0131s 2007
\ntarihinde hakl\u0131 bulunarak se\u00e7imlerin 1. turu iptal edildi. Bu geli\u015fmeler
\n\u00fczerine \u0130ktidar partisi 24 Haziran ya da 1 Temmuz tarihinde erken se\u00e7ime
\ngidilece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 yapt\u0131. <\/span>
\n
<\/span>
\n<\/p>\n
\n<\/a><\/div>\n


<\/span><\/div>\n

\n             \u00dclkemizde ya\u015fana son darbe giri\u015fimi 15 Temmuz 2016\u2019da
\nya\u015fand\u0131. FET\u00d6, 15 Temmuz 2016 g\u00fcn\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye en karanl\u0131k gecelerinden birini
\nya\u015fatt\u0131. 10 binden fazla FET\u00d6 mensubu asker ve sivil; 35 asker\u00ee u\u00e7ak, 74 tank,
\n246 z\u0131rhl\u0131 ara\u00e7, 3 asker\u00ee gemi, 3 bin 992 silah ve 37 asker\u00ee helikopterle darbe
\ngiri\u015fiminde bulundu. O kara geceyi ayd\u0131nlatan, vatan\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131kan T\u00fcrk milleti
\noldu. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131yla d\u00fcnya tarihinde e\u015fi benzeri
\ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f bir darbe direni\u015fi ba\u015flad\u0131. Kahraman T\u00fcrk milleti, FET\u00d6\u2019c\u00fc hainlere
\nkar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fcn\u00fc kur\u015funlara siper ederken geride 250 \u015fehit ve 2196 gazi b\u0131rakt\u0131.
\nAncak FET\u00d6, \u00fcst akl\u0131n kontrol\u00fcnde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi teslim alamad\u0131.<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
<\/span><\/div>\n
\nKAYNAK\u00c7A<\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\n
<\/span><\/div>\n
\nhttp:\/\/www.tdk.gov.tr\/index.php?option=com_gts&arama=gts&guid=TDK.GTS.5a0ea075014da8.78204408<\/span><\/a><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\nhttp:\/\/www.ilimvemedeniyet.com\/turkiyede-gecmisten-gunumuze-darbeler-tarihi.html<\/span><\/a><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\nhttp:\/\/akademikperspektif.com\/2014\/03\/02\/unutulmayan-12-eylul-darbesi\/<\/span><\/a><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\nhttp:\/\/www.internethaber.com\/sultan-genc-osman-nasil-oldu-hayati-ve-aci-olumu-1600713h.htm<\/span><\/a><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\nhttp:\/\/www.ikinciabdulhamid.com\/<\/span><\/a><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\nhttps:\/\/www.gzt.com\/haber\/cumhuriyet-tarihinin-kara-lekesi-28-subatta-ne-oldu-2620523<\/span><\/a><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/div>\n

\nhttp:\/\/fetogercekleri.com\/darbeler\/15-temmuz-darbe-girisimi\/<\/span><\/a><\/o:p><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019DE GE\u00c7M\u0130\u015eTEN G\u00dcN\u00dcM\u00dcZE DARBELER TAR\u0130H\u0130 T\u00fcrk Dil Kurumu s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde darbe, \u201cBir \u00fclkede bask\u0131 kurarak, zor kullanarak veya demokratik yollardan yararlanarak h\u00fck\u00fbmeti istifa ettirme veya rejimi […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_regular_price":[],"currency_symbol":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-907","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-makaleler"],"post_slider_layout_featured_media_urls":{"thumbnail":"","post_slider_layout_landscape_large":"","post_slider_layout_portrait_large":"","post_slider_layout_square_large":"","post_slider_layout_landscape":"","post_slider_layout_portrait":"","post_slider_layout_square":"","full":""},"yoast_head":"\nGE\u00c7M\u0130\u015eTEN G\u00dcN\u00dcM\u00dcZE \u00dcLKEM\u0130ZDE YAPILMI\u015e DARBELER TAR\u0130H\u0130 - 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